二苯基吡唑啉衍生物发光态构象的研究

本工作在合成了几种不同结构吡唑啉衍生物的基础上,测定了它们在相同极性,不同粘度介质中的荧光量子产率并表明:和1-位氮原子相联苯基的旋转松弛对该类化合物的发光具有决定意义,通过对化合物在极性与非极性溶剂内和在冻结与流动条件下(低温与室温下)荧光强度的比较,证明了二苯基吡唑啉化合物的发光态具有扭曲构象。     

非平面扭曲构象对1,3—二苯基吡唑啉衍生物荧光性质的影响

研究了１，３－二基吡唑啉和１－苯基－３－（４－硝基苯基）吡唑啉在室温及７７Ｋ时不同溶剂中的荧光光谱，发现在非线性溶剂中７７Ｋ是ＤＰＰ荧光强度远比其在室温时的低，而ＰＮＰ则完全没有荧光，表明这些化合物激发态的构象松驰，形成非平面扭曲构象对分子的发光性质十分重要，同时发现这两个化合物具有不同的关键性扭曲部位，形成各自有利于发光的构象，Ｎ－１上及Ｃ－３上苯环的扭曲分别对ＤＰＰ和ＰＮＰ的发光态的形成起着重     

吡咯酰胺催化合成吡唑啉酮衍生物

探究了绿色高效合成医药价值较高的吡唑啉酮衍生物的方法,即：以吡咯酰胺催化吡唑啉酮与硝基烯进行Michael反应,高收率地合成了系列吡唑啉酮衍生物,其结构经¹H NMR和¹³C NMR确证。并考察了催化剂及其用量、溶剂和温度对反应的影响。结果表明;在室温下,CH₂Cl₂体系中,在10 mmol%催化剂E存在下,吡唑啉酮与硝基烯烃能有效进行Michael反应,收率80%~91%。     

一种新的含吡唑啉酮氨基硫脲化合物的晶体结构及其光致变色性质

A new photochromic organic compound of thiosemicarbazone, 4-（p-bromo-α-methylaminothiocarbonyl hydrazonobenzal）-2,5-dihydro-3-mcthyl-5-oxo-1-phcnyl pyrazolc, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, ^1H NMR spectra, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. The compound exhibited an interesting photochromism in the solid state when irradiated by ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The photochromic kinetics was studied by the time-dependent powder UV-Vis reflectance spectra. The intcrmolecular and intramolecular hydrogcn-bonding interactions may be responsible for the photochromic phenomenon.     

含吡唑啉酮氨基脲类化合物的合成及结构

以1-苯基-3-甲基-吡唑啉酮-5 (PMP)和1,3-二苯基-吡唑啉酮-5 (DPP)为原料合成了六种4-酰基吡唑啉酮,并分别与氨基脲缩合,得到六个新的含吡唑啉酮环的缩氨基脲类化合物.用IR, ¹H NMR和¹³C NMR对各化合物进行了表征及结构确证,并用X射线单晶衍射法测定了化合物1c [1-苯基-3-甲基-4-丙酰基-吡唑啉酮-5缩氨基脲(PMPP-SC)]的晶体结构.     

苯并噻唑基酰基吡唑啉酮的合成

在非水溶剂中合成了4种新型苯并噻唑基酰基吡唑啉酮试剂。用元素分析、IR、1H NMR和LC-MS对其结构进行了表征。结果显示:不同测试条件下,4个化合物存在方式不尽相同,可主要以酮式或酮式和烯醇式异构体共存方式存在。     

4-酰基-双(1,3-二苯基-5-吡唑啉酮)铽(Ⅲ)配合物的合成及荧光性质

合成了3种4-酰基-双(1,3-二苯基-5-吡唑啉酮),1,5-双(1,3-二苯基-5-吡唑啉酮-4-基)-1,5-戊二酮;1,6-双(1,3-二苯基-5-吡唑啉酮-4-基)-1,6-己二酮和1,10-双(1,3-二苯基-5-吡唑啉酮-4-基)-1,10-癸二酮,通过元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对产物组成进行了表征.合成了它们的Tb(Ⅲ)二元和三元[1,10-二氮杂菲(Phen) 或2,2-联吡啶(Dipy)]配合物,测定了配合物的荧光光谱,对其荧光性质进行了研究.结果表明,配合物发射Tb(Ⅲ)的特征荧光,4-酰基-双(1,3-二苯基-5-吡唑啉酮)配体的三重态能级与Tb(Ⅲ)的最低激发态(5D4)能级匹配较好;配合物荧光强度随4-酰基-双(1,3-二苯基-5-吡唑啉酮)配体2个吡唑环间碳链的增长而减弱;第2配体Phen 和Dipy具有荧光增强作用,且前者优于后者.     

1,3-二苯基吡唑的脱氢合成

以取代1,3-二苯基吡唑啉为原料, 采用硅胶负载的高锰酸钾作为脱氢剂, 合成了一系列1,3-二苯基吡唑衍生物. 该方法具有操作简便、条件温和、收率高的优点.     

联吡唑啉类化合物的合成及其荧光性能

以1-苯基-3-甲基-5-苯氧基-吡唑-4-甲醛为原料,与苯乙酮(取代苯乙酮)发生羟醛缩合,生成相应的查尔酮,再在冰醋酸中与不同的肼反应,高产率的合成出10种新的5位含1-苯基-3-甲基-5-苯氧基-吡唑基的吡唑啉类衍生物。冰乙酸既是反应溶剂,又是催化剂,产率最高可达72%。目标化合物的结构经元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振测试技术加以确认。化合物的荧光测定证明,化合物3a~3e发射紫色荧光,λem约为377 nm,化合物4a~4e发射蓝色荧光,λem约为480 nm。在荧光光谱中,不同取代基的联吡唑啉类化合物表现出不同的荧光强度,其中化合物4e具有最强的荧光发射,其强度值可达到4694。所合成出的化合物是一类较好的联吡唑啉类荧光化合物。     

新型吡唑啉酮衍生物的制备

以氢氧化钾为催化剂,1-苯基-3-甲基-吡唑啉-5-酮与取代苯甲醛亚胺反应合成了新型1-苯基-3-甲基-吡唑啉-5-酮衍生物——1-苯基-3-甲基-4-(1-N-氯乙胺基-1-取代苯基)甲基-吡唑啉-5-酮,其结构经1H NMR,IR,MS和元素分析表征。     

Recent Advances in the Z/E Isomers of Tetraphenylethene Derivatives: Stereoselective Synthesis,AIE Mechanism,Photophysical Properties,and Application as Chemical Probes

Focused research on the Z/E isomers of tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivatives is scarce in comparison with the thousands of luminogens with AIE properties (AIEgens) that have been synthesized based on the TPE moiety. The similar chemical and physical properties of the Z/E isomers make them difficult to separate by using conventional chromatographic techniques. However, they can be isolated by introducing polar groups and the pure isomers exhibit very different photophysical properties, mechanochromism, and host–guest coordination, as well as assisting in deciphering the AIE mechanism. In this Minireview, we present an overview of the disagreement regarding the AIE mechanism between the restriction of intramolecular vibration and photoinduced Z/E isomerization. Then, we discuss the development of (Z)‐/(E)‐TPE derivatives, their use in host–guest detection, and their mechanoluminescence properties, with a focus on their photophysical characteristics. Finally, we explore the stereoselective synthesis of pure (Z)‐/(E)‐TPE derivatives.     

Tetrathienylethene‐based Positional Isomers with Aggregation‐induced Emission Enabling Super Red‐shifted Reversible Mechanochromism and Naked‐eye Sensing of Hydrazine Vapor

AIE‐active positional isomers, TTE‐o‐PhCHO , TTE‐m‐PhCHO and TTE‐p‐PhCHO , tetrathienylethene ( TTE) derivates with peripherally attached ortho‐/meta‐/para‐formyl phenyl groups, were designed and synthesized. The formyl substitution position can effectively modulate their photophysical properties, mechanochromism and fluorescent response to hydrazine. TTE‐o‐PhCHO and TTE‐m‐PhCHO exhibit remarkable AIE characteristics, and TTE‐p‐PhCHO possesses aggregation‐induced emission enhancement performance. They all exhibit high contrast mechanochromism, and TTE‐m‐PhCHO shows larger red‐shift (164 nm) than TTE‐o‐PhCHO (104 nm) and TTE‐p‐PhCHO (125 nm) due to the more twisted molecular conformation and much looser molecular packing. Moreover, TTE‐o‐PhCHO with a higher contrast color change can be used as ink‐free rewritable paper. In addition, TTE‐p‐PhCHO , as a turn‐on fluorescent probe, can selectively detect hydrazine with significant color changes that are visible by the naked eye . Therefore, the position dependence of groups would be an effective method to modulate the molecular arrangement, as well as develop AIE compounds for mechano‐stimuli responsive materials, ink‐free rewritable papers and chemosensors.     

多芳基吡咯衍生物的发光性质及其应用

荧光分子在良溶剂中基本不发光或发光较弱,而在聚集状态下发光较强的现象,称为聚集诱导发光(Aggregation-induced emission,AIE)现象,这与传统的聚集导致猝灭(Aggregation-caused quenching,ACQ)现象相反。本文研究了多苯基吡咯衍生物的结构与发光性能的关系。通过比较吡咯衍生物的单晶结构和发光性质发现扭曲的结构可以限制共轭发光基团的分子内旋转(RIR),这是产生AIE现象的主要原因。羧酸化的吡咯衍生物可以对Al³⁺实时、选择性检测。由DMF诱导的三苯基吡咯羧酸衍生物(TPPA)重结晶在固态时出现可控的荧光发射,它具备很好的温度选择性,响应迅速,并可以循环利用,这证明TPPA可以作为一种热响应材料用于温度监控设备中。     

Solid-State Emission and Aggregate Emission of Aroyl- S,N-Ketene Acetals Are Controlled and Tuned by Their Substitution Pattern

Aroyl-S,N-ketene acetals are a novel highly diverse class of aggregation-induced emission fluorogens (AIEgens) with a plethora of interesting properties. An expanded compound library of more than 110 dyes set the stage for the first qualitative control and tuneability of all aspects of their photophysical properties. The interplay of substituents not only allows tuning and prediction of the emission color, but also of the intensity, and quantum yields both in solids and in the aggregated state; these can be rationalized by scrutinizing intermolecular interactions in the crystalline solid state.     

具有聚集诱导发光性能的并吡咯衍生物的多晶性和酸响应行为研究

本工作合成了具有A-D-A结构的并吡咯衍生物4',4"-（2,5-二苯基吡咯并[3,2-b]吡咯-1,4-二基）双（[1,1'-联苯]-4-腈）（DPPDC）,该化合物具有聚集诱导发光（AIE）特性,在四氢呋喃/水体系中,当水含量为99%（体积含量）时,DPPDC的荧光强度比在纯四氢呋喃体系中增强了11倍.通过不良溶剂缓慢扩散到溶液体系的方法,培养得到四种DPPDC单晶,体现出DPPDC具有良好的多晶性.四种晶体发光颜色各不相同,分别为蓝色、天蓝色、青绿色和绿色,波长变化范围为29 nm.此外由于并吡咯结构富含电子特性,它能与三氟乙酸相互作用,从而影响其荧光发射,发光颜色从黄色变为橙红色,故该化合物可作为酸响应的荧光检测试剂.     

Reevaluating the Solution Photophysics of Tetraphenylethylene at the Origin of their Aggregation-Induced Emission Properties

Although tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and its derivatives have been the most commonly used building blocks in the construction of molecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties, no absolute consensus exists regarding the mechanisms at the origin of the phenomenon. Restriction of intramolecular rotations (RIR) of peripheral phenyls has historically been a dominant paradigm, which has served as a valuable guideline in the molecular engineering of AIEgens. Yet, an increasing number of recent works have established that photoisomerization or photocyclization may actively participate in the nonradiative dissipation of the excitation energy. In this paper, the first experimental evaluation of the quantum efficiencies of these different processes is reported, and photoisomerization is shown to be by far the dominant photophysical pathway in solution, accounting for virtually all nonradiative decay of the molecule‘s excited state in degassed solution.     

C59H3N异构体的结构与稳定性的理论研究

分别用MNDO,AM1和PM3三种半经验方法对C59HN所有1-2,1-4和1-6氢加成物C59H3N的异构体进行几何构型全优化,结合频率分析及HF/6-31G单点能计算,确定了各异构体的基态结构及其相对稳定性,计算结果表明,C59HN氢加成物的立体选择性规律与C60和C60H2的不同,最稳定异构体不是1-2加成物,而是1-4加成的6,18-或12,15-异构体,次稳定异构体为1-2加成物,三种半经验方法计算得到的两者能量差为13～15kJ/mol,N原子取代碳笼骨架C原子后,改变了碳笼氢加成物的立体选择性规律.     

吲哚咔唑异构体的电子结构和光学性质

分别采用密度泛函理论(DFT)和单激发组态相互作用(CIS),在6-31G(d,p)基组水平上优化了5个吲哚咔唑分子的基态和激发态结构.在此结构的基础上,用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)在相同基组水平和极化连续介质模型(PCM)下计算了模型分子的吸收和发射光谱.这几个吲哚咔唑异构体的发射光谱有明显的差别,如异构体5([3,2-b]型)有较大的振子强度,但是相对于其他异构体,其发射能量最小;异构体4([3,2-a]型)的发射能量最大;异构体2([2,3-b]型)的最大振子强度在250-450 nm范围内,与其他几个分子相比为最小.这主要是由分子的激发态几何变化和轨道能级的不同导致的.本文还考察了这类分子的一阶超极化率,结果显示5个分子极化率在同一水平,但静态第一超极化率(β0)有明显差别,异构体2的β0值最大.     

具有聚集诱导发光效应的聚炔材料的合成及光学性能研究

合成了三种含有四苯基乙烯结构的双炔烃.这些双炔烃单体通过在CuCl催化下在邻二氯苯中进行的均聚反应可以高产率地生成线型聚炔.所得聚合物均可很好地溶解于常见有机溶剂中,并具有很高的热稳定性.这类聚炔材料在溶液态时几乎不发光,但在聚集态或者固态下可高度发光,表现出典型的聚集诱导发光性质.同时,这些聚合物具有高透光性,可以允许整个可见光区的光透过.其薄膜在400～1700 nm宽波长范围内表现出高折射率（n=1.7787～1.6543）和低色差（D'=0.0003）.紫外光照射可诱使聚合物薄膜发生交联过程,从而调控其折射率数值,并可生成高分辨率的荧光图案.     

基于聚集诱导发光金纳米簇构筑发光超薄膜

选用带负电的谷胱甘肽包裹的金纳米簇（GSH-AuNCs）和牛血清白蛋白包裹的金纳米簇（BSA-AuNCs）,与带正电荷的聚烯丙胺（PAH）通过静电作用以层层组装的方式制备了发黄色荧光的GSH-AuNCs/PAH薄膜和发红色荧光的BSA-AuNCs/PAH薄膜.在保证荧光强度的前提下,采用具有聚集诱导发光（AIE）效应的GSH-AuNCs能够大幅度降低薄膜厚度,有利于提高传感薄膜的响应速度和灵敏度.据此,以BSA-AuNCs/PAH薄膜作为参比层,GSH-AuNCs/PAH薄膜作为响应层,设计并构建了一种新型的比率荧光复合薄膜传感体系,并以2,4,6-三硝基甲苯（TNT）为例对其传感特性进行了研究.