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亚硝酸盐是环境和生物循环中不可或缺的一部分,但其浓度超标不仅会污染环境,还会致癌。因此对亚硝酸盐实现高效、快速精密检测具有重要的科学和实际意义。基于电化学传感技术的污染物分析与检测已成为研究热点,尤其工作电极的选用和设计对提升响应速度、灵敏度、检测限及降低成本、简化操作等至关重要而备受研究者广泛关注。本文将以玻碳电极、碳糊电极、金属薄膜、聚合物薄膜及碳布电极为分类,针对亚硝酸盐的检测,详细综述基于不同电极的电化学传感器的研究进展。以期通过构建方法和电催化性能的对比为构建新型传感器提供理论与实际指导。 相似文献
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亚硝酸盐是一种广泛存在的原料,长期食用会对人体健康不利甚至致癌。因此,简单、灵敏的亚硝酸盐检测方法的开发具有非常重要的意义。本文合成了金/还原氧化石墨烯/羟基氧化铁(Au/rGO/FeOOH)复合材料,并通过SEM、 XRD和EDX等测试进行了材料表征。将合成的复合材料滴涂在氧化氟锡(FTO)电极表面,利用它们的协同催化氧化性能,成功构建了一步检测亚硝酸盐(NO2-)的新型电化学传感器。在最佳优化实验条件下, 通过差分脉冲伏安法实现NO2-的定量检测, 其线性范围为0.001 ~ 5 mmol·L-1, 检出限为0.8 μmol·L-1(S/N = 3), 且响应时间小于2 s。同时, 所制备的传感器表现出良好的选择性和重现性, 也能用于实际样品的测定。 相似文献
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构建了包埋于壳聚糖(CS)膜中的血红蛋白(Hb)和血红素(Hemin)的亚硝酸盐传感器并研究了它们在电极表面的电化学活性。在pH 4.0磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,利用示差脉冲伏安法分别研究CS/Hb-GCE、CS/Hemin-GCE对亚硝酸盐的电化学响应,基于此建立了对亚硝酸盐的电化学测定方法;结果表明,两种电极对亚硝酸盐响应的线性范围分别为0.069~25.86和0.50~16.67mmol/L,检测限分别为0.012和0.25mmol/L,而且对前者具有更低的检测限和更宽的线性范围的可能原因进行了探讨。 相似文献
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制备了一种二氧化锆/还原氧化石墨烯(ZrO2NPs/rGO)复合材料修饰电极的亚硝酸盐电化学传感器,并成功用于亚硝酸盐的检测.采用循环伏安法和电流-时间曲线考察了修饰电极的电化学行为.实验结果表明,ZrO2NPs/rGO复合材料修饰电极对亚硝酸盐具有良好的电流响应.在最优实验条件下,电流-时间曲线中的电流响应信号与亚硝酸盐浓度在3.0×10Symbolm@@_7~1.0×10Symbolm@@_6 mol/L和1.0×10Symbolm@@_6~6.0×10Symbolm@@_6 mol/L的范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为1.0×10Symbolm@@_7 mol/L(S/N 3).该传感器灵敏性高、稳定性和重现性好.使用此传感器检测实际样品香肠中的亚硝酸盐的回收率为93.7%~110.4%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~2.1%. 相似文献
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本文对电化学脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)传感器的原理,DNA在电极表面的固定化,杂交指示剂的研究和电化学DNA传感器的性能、分析应用及电化学石英晶体微天平DNA传感器等方面的研究进展作了评述。提出了今后研究工作的方向。 相似文献
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《中国化学》2017,35(8):1317-1321
A novel non‐enzymatic nitrite sensor was fabricated by immobilizing MnOOH‐PANI nanocomposites on a gold electrode (Au electrode). The morphology and composition of the nanocomposites were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM ) and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR ). The electrochemical results showed that the sensor possessed excellent electrocatalytic ability for NO2− oxidation. The sensor displayed a linear range from 3.0 μmol•L−1 to 76.0 mmol•L−1 with a detection limit of 0.9 μmol•L−1 (S/N = 3), a sensitivity of 132.2 μA •L•mol−1•cm−2 and a response time of 3 s. Furthermore, the sensor showed good reproducibility and long‐term stability. It is expected that the MnOOH‐PANI nanocomposites could be applied for more active sensors and used in practice for nitrite sensing. 相似文献
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以三聚氰胺为原料,利用热缩聚法制备了类石墨氮化碳(g-C_3N_4),并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱等方法对其进行表征。然后将g-C_3N_4超声分散于Nafion溶液中,将所得悬浊液修饰到玻碳电极上,制备用于检测硝基苯的电化学传感器(g-C_3N_4/Nafion/GCE)。采用循环伏安法、方波伏安法研究了硝基苯在该电极上的电化学行为。在优化实验条件下,硝基苯在该电极上的方波伏安还原峰电流与其浓度在4.0×10~(-6)~6.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)为0.999 8,检出限为4.0×10~(-7)mol/L。按照国家标准方法对实际水样进行检测,未检测出硝基苯。配制两个浓度水平硝基苯的模拟水样进行加标回收实验,其回收率分别为102.1%和99.9%。用气相色谱法做对照实验,结果表明本方法与气相色谱法的测定结果无显著性差异。 相似文献
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Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensors for Detecting Weapons of Mass Destruction. A Review 下载免费PDF全文
Virendra V. Singh 《Electroanalysis》2016,28(5):920-935
The detection of chemical warfare agents (CWA) has become a worldwide security concern in light of the many recent international threats utilizing nerve agents. Among a variety of detection methods that have been developed for CWA, electrochemical sensors offer the unrivaled merits of high sensitivity, specificity and operational simplicity. Recent insights into novel fabrication methodologies and electrochemical techniques have resulted in the demonstration of electrochemical sensors able to address many of the limitations of conventional methodologies. This article reviews recent advances and developments in the field of electrochemical biosensors based detection of nerve agent and their utility for decentralized threat detection. With continued innovations and attention to key challenges, it is expected that electrochemical sensors will play a pivotal role in the CWA detection scenario. This review concludes with the implications of the electrochemical sensing platforms along with future prospects and challenges. 相似文献
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QIAN Ying YU Yong-sen LI Qiu-shun WU Si-zhu ZHAO Kai-jun YANG Bai-liang ZHANG Yu-shu . State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science Engineering . College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun P. R. China . Electrical Diagnosis Division China-Japan Union Hospital Changchun 《高等学校化学研究》2009,25(5):624-627
A high sensitive long period fiber grating(LPFG) sensor for the detection of nitrite is proposed, which is realized by coating multiple poly(sodium 4-styrensulfonate)(PSS) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) layers on the fiber grating surface. The sensitivity of this LPFG sensor is maximum when the number of assembled layers is 70. Under this condition, a nitrite concentration of 3×10-3 mol/L, which is lower than the National Food Additive Standard, 4.2×10-3 mol/L, can be distinguished. The s... 相似文献
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A nanocomposite (Ho2O3NPs/BNT) was synthesized by decorating holmium(III)oxide nanoparticles (H2O3NPs) on bentonite (BNT) through a realizable sonochemical approach for the electrochemical detection of haloperidol (Hlp). A glassy carbon electrode was modified with this nanocomposite. The Ho2O3NPs/BNT modified electrode outperformed bare and other modified electrodes in terms of electrochemical performance for Hlp detection in a pH 8.0 phosphate buffer. The proposed electrochemical platform showed a wide linear range (0.01 μM–24 μM), low detection limit (2.4 nM), and high sensitivity by square wave voltammetry. In addition, the proposed electrochemical sensor met the clinical criteria in terms of stability, selectivity, and repeatability. 相似文献
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Akkaraboyina Lakshmi Lavanya K. Gowri Bala Kumari K. R. S. Prasad Pradeep Kumar Brahman 《Electroanalysis》2021,33(4):1096-1106
The development and fabrication of a simple, portable, and sensitive detection tool to precisely monitor nitrite level is of growing importance in electrochemistry research, given the strong interest in the protection of drinking water quality, treatment of wastewater, food production, and control of remediation processes. This work describes the fabrication of a simple, cost-effective, pen-type electrochemical sensor based on bimetallic gold and tungsten nanoparticles electrochemically decorated on graphene-chitosan modified pencil graphite electrode (PGE) for the trace detection of nitrite in real samples. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized using XRD, SEM, and EDS. The electrochemical behavior of the sensor was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance electrochemical spectroscopy (EIS). Results revealed that the proposed sensor displayed excellent electrocatalytic activity towards electro-oxidation of nitrite with an irreversible redox reaction. The AuNPs-WNPs@Gr-Chi/PGE sensor exhibited excellent analytical performance with a wide linear range from 10 to 250 μM towards nitrite. The LOD and LOQ were calculated to be 0.12 μM and 0.44 μM, respectively. The designed electrochemical sensor was successfully applied for the detection of nitrite in water, milk, and natural fruit juice samples. 相似文献