Quinaldine derivatives with fluorine-containing substituents and cyanine dyes based on them

Condensation of fluorine-containing anilines with paraldehyde gave quinaldine derivatives with CF₃, CF₃S, and CF₃SO₂ groups in the 6 position, from which carbocyanine, merocyanine, and styryl dyes were synthesized. Fluorine-containing groups lower the basicity of quinaldine by 0.7–2.0 pK_a units and lead to deepening of the color of the dyes.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 76–78, January, 1978.     

Quinaldine: Accessing two crystalline polymorphs via the supercooled liquid

Quinaldine (2-methyl quinoline) is a liquid at room temperature, which can be supercooled to reach finally the glassy state. By heating the glass above the glass transition temperature T(g) = 180 K the sample performs two subsequent transitions into, likewise, dielectrically active phases. Thus, the reorientational relaxations of these phases as well as the kinetics of the phase transitions can be tracked in a highly resolved way by dielectric spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis clearly shows two structurally different crystalline phases in addition to the supercooled liquid. Calorimetric measurements support the notion of first order phase transitions, occurring irreversibly in the supercooled regime, and suggest that the intermediate crystalline phase is metastable, too. Analyzing the quite distinct dielectric relaxation strengths, we discuss the possible nature of the two crystalline phases. Additionally, a very similar behavior to quinaldine is observed for 3-methyl quinoline, indicating a broad field of polymorphism among the quinoline derivatives.     

溴酸钾氧化喹哪啶红催化光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根

基于亚硝酸根对酸钾氧化喹哪了啶红的催化作用，建立了双波长分光光度动力学测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法。于４００ｎｍ测定吸不镀△Ａ１，５１０ｎｍ测定吸光度△Ａ２，以△Ａ＝△Ａ１＋△Ａ２定时。线性范围０．００４－０．１５ｍｇ／Ｌ；检出限０．００４ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

喹哪啶蓝与核酸作用的光谱研究及分析

外部堆积结合;分光光度法;喹哪啶蓝与核酸作用的光谱研究及分析     

The Fluorescent Reaction Between Quinaldine Red and Nucleic Acids and its Application to Fluorescent Assay of DNA and RNA

The reaction between quinaldine red (QR) and nucleic acids was studied. The free QR alone has no fluorescence in solution. However, it becomes fluorescent after binding to nucleic acids, giving maximum emission at 607nm with maximum excitation at 557nm. Maximum fluorescence intensity is produced in the pH range of 3.2–3.6. Based on the fluorescent reactions, a novel fluorometric method was developed for rapid determination of nucleic acids using QR as the fluorescent probe. Under optimal conditions, the calibration graphs were linear in the range of 0–30.0µgmL^–1 for CT DNA and 0–20.0µgmL^–1 for yeast RNA. The limits of detection were 38ngmL^–1 for CT DNA and 142ngmL^–1 for yeast RNA. Four synthetic samples were determined with satisfaction.Received December 20, 2002; accepted March 27, 2003 Published online August 8, 2003     

Determination of Cr(VI) with Selective Sensing of Cr(VI) Anions by a PVC‐Membrane Electrode Based on Quinaldine Red

A dichromate‐selective PVC‐membrane electrode based on Quinaldine Red (an acridinium derivative) is described. The electrode exhibits rapid (< 30 s) and linear response to the activity of Cr(VI) anions in the range of 5.2 × 10^?6 ?1.0 × 10^?1 M dichromate with the limit of detection 2.5 × 10^?6 Mof Cr₂O₇^2?. The sensor is used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric determination of Cr(VI) anions and is also suitable for end‐point indication in the titrations of proper metal ions with dichromate under laboratory conditions. The proposed electrode has been applied to the direct potentiometric determination of Cr(VI) anions in water samples with satisfactory results.     

Generation of benzocyclobutadiene derivatives from zirconaindene derivatives

Zirconaindene derivatives produced benzocyclobutadiene derivatives in situ in the presence of CuCl and 1,4-naphthoquinone, which afforded their dimers, 6a,10b-dihydrobenzo[a]biphenylenes and dibenzosemibullvalenes or dibenzo[a,e]cycloctenes.     

Indole derivatives

The reaction of gramine methiodide with the sodium or potassium derivatives of -oxo sulfoxides leads to the formation of skatyl-substituted sulfoxides. When the latter are cleaved with amalgamated aluminum, skatyl-substituted ketones are obtained.For Communication V, see [4].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, Vol. 6, No. 8, pp. 1069–1070, August, 1970.     

Morpholine derivatives

The β-oxide ring of 3-alkyl-3-(N-morpholinomethyl)oxacyclobutanes is opened to give methiodides or hydrohalide salts, respectively, of 2-alkyl-2-(N-morpholinomethyl)-3-halopropanol when they are heated with methyl iodide in methanol under pressure or heated with hydrohalic acids. When two morpholinomethyl groups are present in the 3 position of the oxacyclobutane ring, it is not opened.     

Cubane derivatives

Efficient method for the synthesis of cubane-1,4-dicarboxylic and 4-bromocubane-1-carboxylic acid N-(morpholinomethyl)amides has been elaborated. For Part 8, see Ref. 1. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 396–398, February, 2008.     

Cubane derivatives

An efficient procedure was developed for the preparation of 1,4-cubanedicarboxylic acid dihydrazide (1). Its reactions with acetic anhydride, aromatic aldehydes, and acetylacetone were studied.     

Indole derivatives

5-Substituted (butyl, phenyl)-5-skatyl(5-methoxyskatyl)barbituric acids were obtained by alkylation of the corresponding barbituric acids with gramine and 5-methoxygramine in dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. 5,5-Dialkylation products were obtained in the alkylation of barbituric and thiobarbituric acids with gramine.     

Tetrazole derivatives

A series of 5-aryl-3-phenyl-1-(tetrazol-5-yl)formazans has been obtained by the azo coupling reaction. In an aqueous alkaline medium they are oxidized to tetrazolium salts with a betaine structure. Information is given on the electronic spectra of the formazans and the tetrazolium salts and the acidic properties and complex-forming capacity of the formazans.For Communication VII, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1570–1573, November 1973.     

Cubane derivatives

New esters of 1,4-cubanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-(ROCO)₂C₈H₆ (R=Et (3a), Pr (3b), CMe₃ (3c), C₆H₁₃ (3d), CH₂CF₃ (3e), or CH(CF₃)₂ (3f) were synthesized. The structures of esters3a, 3b, 3e, and3f were established by X-ray diffraction analysis. The cubane framework of compound3b is somewhat distorted, whereas the C−C bond lengths and bond angles in the other compounds remain virtually ideal. For Part 1, see Ref. 1. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 457–462, March, 1998.     

Indole derivatives

The influence of dehydrogenating dehydrating (deaminating) additives on the composition and yield on the products of the cyclization of N-(-hydroxyethyl)aniline and N,N-diphenylethylenediamine has been studied. The closure of the indole and pyrrole rings takes place through the dehydration and deamination, respectively, of the starting material on oxide catalysts. A reaction scheme explaining the formation of all the products observed has been suggested.For Communication L see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, Vol. 6, No. 6, pp. 766–769, June, 1970.     

Indole derivatives

The Fischer cyclization of arylhydrazones of 4-thiepanone leads to 1, 3, 6H, 4, 5-dihydrothiepino[4, 3-c]indoles, while the cyclization of arylhydrazones of the S, S-dioxide of 4-thiepanone forms 6H-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrahydrothiepino[5, 4-c]indole.For communication XXIV, see [1].     

Indole derivatives

The synthesis of-glycerides of 3-indolyl carboxylic acids has been effected by the reaction of 3-indolyl carboxylic acids with benzylideneglycerol in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide with the subsequent elimination of the benzylidene group by hydrogenolysis. The- and-glycerides have been separated by paper chromatography.For communication XXX, see [1].     

Azaindole derivatives

A comparative study of the dehydrogenation of azaindoles by chemical (under the action of quinones) and electrochemical (anode polarography at a rotating platinum disc electrode) methods has been made. The influence of substituents in positions 1 and 6 of the azaindole molecule on the ease of oxidation of the compounds has been investigated. The results are discussed using the method of correlation equations.For part XXVII, see [16].     

Indole derivatives

A new heterocyclic system — 12H-6,7-dihydrobenz[2,3]oxepmo[4,5-b] indole — and a number of its substituted derivatives were synthesized by Fischer cyclization of 5-homochromanone arylhydrazones.See [1] for communication XXXIV.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 65–67, January, 1971.