化学发光法测定几种怀山药的抗自由基活性

用不同溶剂将三种怀山药分成极性不同的部位 ,并用鲁米诺—H2 O2 —CuSO4 化学发光体系测定天然产物抗自由基活性的方法检测了这些部位的抗自由基活性 ,比较了不同品种怀山药的质量差异 ,所得结果与传统经验相吻合。     

巴马火麻仁木脂素酰胺类提取物的鉴定及清除自由基活性的研究

将巴马火麻仁木脂素酰胺类的粗提物采用硅胶柱层析法以V(氯仿)∶V(甲醇)＝85∶15洗脱分离, 分离产物经快原子轰击质谱(FAB-MS)、核磁共振(NMR)鉴定为大麻酰胺A (cannabisin A). 以1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼自由基(DPPH•)、超氧阴离子自由基 、羟自由基(OH•)三种不同自由基体系研究火麻仁木脂素酰胺类的粗提物、大孔树脂纯化后的精提物及cannabisin A的活性清除作用. 结果表明在一定的剂量范围内, 三者均有显著的活性清除作用, 且与剂量呈明显量效关系. 精提物的清除作用最强, 尤其是在OH•体系中, 其清除活性为粗提物的13倍.     

红树植物海杧果内生真菌Penicillium sp.中的抗菌活性成分

对红树植物海杧果内生真菌Penicillium sp.发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取物进行了柱层析分离, 得到3个化合物, 经MS, NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC和HMBC等鉴定, 分别为4-(3-hydroxybutan-2-yl)-3,6-dimethylbenzene-1,2-diol(1), 4-(3-hydroxybutan-2-yl)-3-methyl-6-acetylbenzene-1,2-diol(2)和3,4,5-trimethyl-1,2-benzenediol(3). 其中化合物1和2为新化合物, 化合物3为新的天然产物. 抗菌活性测试结果表明, 化合物1和3均具有抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的活性, 化合物2则未显示此活性.     

基于化学计量学的川木香抗炎活性谱效关系研究

研究川木香抗炎活性与其HPLC指纹图谱的谱效关系,探究其抗炎活性成分.采用HPLC-DAD法获取12个川木香样本水提物的指纹图谱,小鼠耳廓肿胀试验检测川木香的抗炎活性.运用偏最小二乘法进行谱效相关性分析,以标准品比对及HPLC-MS/MS法对抗炎活性贡献较大的色谱峰进行鉴定.从川木香指纹图谱中共确定了17个共有峰,川木香水提物对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀有一定的抑制作用.谱效关联研究结果显示有10个共有峰与抗炎活性呈正相关,依次为P8>P4>P3>P10>P14>P15>P7>P5>P9>P16,其中色谱峰P3、P4、P8、P10分别鉴定为紫丁香苷、绿原酸、咖啡酸和1,3-O-二咖啡酰奎尼酸.方法可为川木香抗炎活性药效物质基础的发现及其"药效关联"的质量标准的建立提供一定的技术理论支持.     

牛大力总黄酮提取工艺及不同萃取物的抗氧化活性研究

为了考察牛大力乙醇提取物中总黄酮的含量及抗氧化活性。通过L16(45)正交实验,超声波辅助提取牛大力中总黄酮,得到最佳工艺,再测试乙醇提取物和四个萃取物对羟基自由基(.OH)和DPPH自由基(DP-PH.)的清除效果。最佳工艺为:φ(EtOH)=75%、m(牛大力,g)∶V(EtOH,mL)=1∶25、温度60℃、时间60min,该条件下,牛大力总黄酮得率可达2.14mg.g-1。其中,牛大力乙醇提取物中氯仿萃取物中黄酮含量最高,为5.52mg.g-1;而且氯仿萃取物对DPPH.的清除效果最好,其半数抑制浓度(IC50)为40.97μg.mL-1;乙酸乙酯萃取物对羟基自由基的清除效果最好,其IC50值为90.5μg.mL-1。牛大力乙醇提取物中石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯萃取物都有很好的抗氧化活性,且稳定性、重复性好。     

不同工艺的荔枝核提取物抗氧化活性的比较

分别采用回流提取、热浸提取、微波辅助提取法分离荔枝核活性成分,测定了不同工艺制备的荔枝核提取物抑制油脂氧化以及清除羟基自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的抗氧化活性.结果表明,荔枝核提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性,能够有效地抑制油脂氧化;不同工艺的提取物对油脂抗氧化作用的排序为微波提取物热浸提取物回流提取物.与此同时,荔枝核提取物能够有效地清除羟基自由基,其中微波提取物的半清除率质量浓度(EC50)约为0.76 g/L,热浸提取物的EC50约为0.94 g/L,回流提取物的EC50约为2.0 g/L.此外,荔枝核提取物对超氧阴离子自由基也有一定的清除效果.     

大黄酸金属配合物的合成、表征及抗氧化活性研究

以天然大黄酸为原料合成了三种大黄酸金属配合物. 通过元素分析、摩尔电导、紫外光谱、红外光谱、热重差热、核磁共振氢谱和荧光分析测定配合物的组成和性质. 结果表明配合物组成为ML₂•2H₂O [M＝Cu(II), Fe(II), Mn(II)|L＝rhein(失去1-OH中质子)]. 并对配体和配合物进行了清除超氧自由基(O )、羟自由基(•OH)、DPPH•自由基的对比研究. 抗氧化试验结果表明, 金属配合物抗氧化活性均强于配体.     

五环三萜葡萄糖缀合物的设计、合成及体外抗流感病毒活性研究

前期研究发现齐墩果酸(OA)的C28位葡萄糖偶联物在细胞水平具有显著抗流感病毒的活性,但不同五环三萜母核偶联葡萄糖抗流感病毒活性的影响并未阐明.本研究采用不同五环三萜母核,通过Cu(I)催化的炔烃-叠氮化物环加成反应(Cu AAC),与葡萄糖偶联制备得到化合物物4c～8d,通过体外抗流感病毒A/WSN/33(H1N1)活性研究,发现化合物4d具有显著的抗流感病毒活性(IC₅₀为9.09μmol/L),且对MDCK(Madin-Darbey CanineKidney)细胞无明显毒性(CC50>100μmol/L).构效关系研究明确了葡萄糖模块以及五环三萜母核对化合物抗流感病毒活性的提升均具有重要作用.本研究进一步完善了五环三萜及其衍生物抗流感病毒的构效关系,为这类天然产物抗病毒的深入研究奠定了基础.     

芜菁籽不同溶剂提取物体外抗氧化活性研究

通过体外试验初步研究芜菁籽提取物的抗氧化活性。用95%乙醇为溶剂提取芜菁籽,采用有机溶剂萃取法将提取物分为石油醚相,乙酸乙酯相,正丁醇相和水相等4个不同极性部位、同时测定了各相提取物对羟自由基,超氧阴离子自由基,DPPH自由基的清除能力,并与合成抗氧化剂BHT进行对照。结果表明,芜菁籽提取物的不同极性部位均有抗氧化活性,其抗氧化效果随着浓度的增加而增强,乙酸乙酯相和正丁醇相的还原能力及清除O-2.,DPPH和.OH的能力均强于水相和石油醚相,乙酸乙酯相和正丁醇相的抗氧化作用强,是天然抗氧化剂的良好来源,应对其进一步分离纯化。     

银杏叶提取物对大鼠抗氧化能力的影响

探讨了银杏叶提取物对大鼠抗氧化能力的影响.结果表明:银杏叶提取物可以增加运动机体抗氧化酶的活性,提高机体的抗氧化功能,减轻大强度耐力训练对大鼠组织造成的脂质过氧化损伤,改善运动造成的自由基代谢紊乱,加快自由基的清除.     

八钼酸根阴离子有机胺化合物的合成与结构

由MoO3和(CH3)3N或(C2H5)3N反应合成了两种分子组成分别为[(CH3)3NH]4Mo8O26·2H2O(1)和[(C2H5)3NH]4Mo8O26·2H2O(2)的化合物.单晶X衍射结构分析表明,化合物(1)属三斜晶系,空间群为P1,晶胞参数a=1.0500(2)nm,b=1.0533(2)nm,c=1.0765(2)nm,α=100.21(3)°,β=101.93(3)°,γ=118.47(3)°,V=0.9698(3)nm3,R1=0.0524.化合物(2)属单斜晶系,空间群为P21,晶胞参数a=1.1512(2)nm,b=1.3097(3)nm,c=1.7610(4)nm,β=101.40(3)°,V=2.6028(9)nm3,R=0.0428.结构分析表明,两种化合物中Mo8O264-阴离子均发生畸变,有机阳离子增大,Mo-O键键长缩短,阴离子畸变增大.     

六亚甲基四胺锑(Ⅲ)、铋(Ⅲ)配合物的固相合成与表征

通过固相反应,合成了新的配合物六亚甲基四胺锑(Ⅲ)、铋(Ⅲ):SbCl3(C6H12N4)2·H2O(1)、BiCl3(C6H12N4)2·H2O(2).经元素分析、X 射线粉末衍射、远红外光谱和差热 热重分析进行表征,确定了配合物的组成和结构.对XRD谱指标化,确定其晶系和晶胞参数.SbCl3(C6H12N4)2·H2O(1):a=1.2490nm,b=1.4583nm,c=1.6870nm,β=91.78°,V=3.0706nm3;BiCl3(C6H12N4)2·H2O(2):a=1.3250nm,b=1.3889nm,c=1.7449nm,β=98.94°,V=3.1725nm3.     

吡啶-2-甲酸镍的合成及其晶体结构

以吡啶 2 甲酸和Ni(ClO4)2·6H2O为原料反应制得配合物[Ni(C5H4NCOO)2(H2O)2]2H2O,并通过X 射线衍射法测定其晶体结构.该化合物属于单斜晶系,空间群P21/n,晶胞参数:a=0.97351(15)nm,b=0.52254(8)nm,c=1.4483(2)nm,β=90.119(3)°,V=0.7367(2)nm3,Z=2,Dc=1.690g/cm3,μ=1.362mm 1,F(000)=388,结构偏离因子R1=0.0316,wR2=0.0902,共收集到4771个强度数据,其中1700个独立衍射点,1489个(I>2σ(I))可观测点.X 射线分析表明晶体是由分子间氢键和π π弱相互作用堆积而成的二维层状结构.     

Dawson结构 [(HOCH_2CH_2)_2NH_2]_6·P_2W_(18)O_(62)·6H_2O的合成、表征、晶体结构

由二乙醇胺与H6P2W18O62·nH2O合成了[(HOCH2CH2)2NH2]6·P2W18O62·6H2O(I).单晶结构解析结果表明晶体属三方晶系,空间群为R-3,晶胞参数:a=b=c=1.36298(16)nm,α=β=γ=106.490(17)°,Z=1,V=2.1374(4)nm3,R=0.0837,Rw=0.2219.化合物分子由一个P2W18O626 阴离子、六个质子化的二乙醇胺、六个结晶水组成.标题化合物具有可逆光色性.热分析表明,化合物阴离子在463℃左右分解.     

铒铁钴系复合氧化物的制备及其导电性

采用Sol-Gel法制备了ErFe1-xCoxO3-δ稀土复合氧化物纳米晶,用SEM观察了其微粒的大小及形貌,用XRD进行了物相及烧成温度分析,用四探针测试仪及导电仪等测试了其不同温度下的导电性,讨论了不同的铁钴元素比例对导电性的影响,其比例为1∶4、温度为800℃时电导率为1.2Scm-1.     

Elution–extrusion counter-current chromatographic separation and theoretical mechanism of antioxidant from Robinia pseudoacacia flower

Robinia pseudoacacia flowers have attracted much attention because of numerous bioactivities. In this study, its extract showed the potential scavenging ability for 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals. Under the guidance of antioxidant activity, the antioxidant extract was enriched by liquid-liquid extraction. The partition coefficients of the two main components in antioxidant extracts differed greatly, so in this study, elution-extrusion counter-current chromatography with the solvent system of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (2.5:5:2.5:5, v/v) was used to enhance the separation efficiency, and the two main components were successfully obtained. Among them, kaempferol showed strong antioxidant activity, which can be responsible for the activity of the extract. In order to deeply understand the antioxidant mechanism of kaempferol, the thermodynamics, frontier molecular orbital, and kinetics of scavenging free radicals were investigated by density functional theory. The results showed that 4′-OH in kaempferol was the most active group, which can scavenge free radicals by hydrogen atom transfer in non-polar solvents and activate 3-OH to generate double hydrogen atom transfer in the gas phase. But in polar solvents, it was more inclined to clear radicals through single electron transfer and proton transfer. The kinetic result showed that kaempferol needed 9.17 kcal/mol of activation energy to scavenge free radicals.     

取代芳烃对某些生物急性毒性的拓扑学研究

提出了成键原子的生物活性值(ai),并建立其连接性指数(mA).其中的0A、1A与取代芳烃对斜生栅列藻、日本长腿蛙蝌蚪、绿藻等三种生物的急性毒性关连,相关系数(R)依次为0.9516、0.9564、0.9335,优于相应文献的研究成果.证明mA与取代芳烃生物活性的相关性优于著名的Kier指数(mXv).     

Antioxidant,antimicrobial, and tyrosinase inhibition activities of acetone extract of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ascophyllum nodosum</Emphasis>

The search for new antioxidants of natural origin derived from plants and seaweeds is still very important at present. In our study, the acetone extract of A. nodosum was investigated for its potential use as a natural antioxidant, natural feed additive with antibacterial activity and as a tyrosinase inhibitor. This study could be useful in the context of improved utilization of the A. nodosum extract in the food and cosmetics industry, being not only economically advantageous but also environmentally friendly. Extracts showed antioxidant activity with application of different methodologies: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydracil DPPH· radicals scavenging (39 %, 4 mg of freeze-dried sample), β-carotene-linoleic acid antioxidant assay (11 %, 4 mg of freeze-dried sample), O₂· radicals scavenging activity (IC₅₀ 0.43 mg mL⁻¹), OH· radicals scavenging activity (IC₅₀ 1.55 mg mL⁻¹), and iron chelation ability (IC₅₀ 0.56 mg mL⁻¹). The extract showed considerable antibacterial activity being more effective against gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus) than against gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus aerogenes). Results of tyrosinase assay for the acetone extract of Ascophyllum nodosum presented 65.6 % inhibition of tyrosinase activity at the IC₅₀ value of 0.1 mg mL⁻¹. The outcomes of our study support potential utilization of this brown seaweed as a source of natural antioxidants. Antioxidant activity of the studied seaweed can be apparently explained by the free radicals scavenging activity, particularly related to the mechanisms of O₂⁻· radicals scavenging activity, OH· radicals inactivation, and iron chelation ability.     

两种新型水溶性异黄酮衍生物的合成与抗氧化活性

合成了未见文献报道的水溶性的3'-磺酸钠-4',7-二羧甲氧基异黄酮(L1)和3'-磺酸钠-4'-羟基-7-羧甲氧基异黄酮(L2), 采用IR, UV, ¹H NMR和元素分析对其结构进行了表征, 利用荧光光谱法研究了它们和母体大豆甙元(D)对羟基自由基的清除活性, 用紫外光谱法研究了其对超氧阴离子自由基和1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical, 简称DPPH)的清除活性; 并采用量子化学AM1方法在全几何构型优化的基础上进行了电荷布居分析, 计算了它们抽氢反应的生成热(∆H_f), 从而从理论上探讨了目标化合物清除羟基自由基的活性. 实验结果表明本文合成的两种水溶性化合物清除超氧阴离子自由基和DPPH自由基的活性要优于母体大豆甙元, 对于目标化合物清除羟基自由基的活性, 实验和理论结果都显示其清除活性要优于大豆甙元．     

Functionalized graphene quantum dots loaded with free radicals combined with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry to screen radical scavenging natural antioxidants from Licorice and Scutellariae

A novel screening method was developed for the detection and identification of radical scavenging natural antioxidants based on a free radical reaction combined with liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Functionalized graphene quantum dots were prepared for loading free radicals in the complex screening system. The detection was performed with and without a preliminary exposure of the samples to specific free radicals on the functionalized graphene quantum dots, which can facilitate charge transfer between free radicals and antioxidants. The difference in chromatographic peak areas was used to identify potential antioxidants. This is a novel approach to simultaneously evaluate the antioxidant power of a component versus a free radical, and to identify it in a vegetal matrix. The structures of the antioxidants in the samples were identified using tandem mass spectrometry and comparison with standards. Fourteen compounds were found to possess potential antioxidant activity, and their free radical scavenging capacities were investigated. The order of scavenging capacity of 14 compounds was compared according to their free radical scavenging rate. 4′,5,6,7‐Tetrahydroxyflavone (radical scavenging rate: 0.05253 mL mg^?1 s^?1) showed the strongest capability for scavenging free radicals.