Wedge Local Deformations of Charged Fields Leading to Anyonic Commutation Relations

The method of deforming free fields using multiplication operators on Fock space, introduced in Lechner (Commun. Math. Phys. 212:265–302, 2012), is generalized to a charged free field on two- and three-dimensional Minkowski space. In this case the deformation function can be chosen in such a way that the deformed fields satisfy generalized commutation relations, i.e. they behave like Anyons instead of Bosons. The fields are “polarization free” in the sense that they create only one-particle states from the vacuum and are localized in wedges (or “paths of wedges”), which makes it possible to circumvent a No-Go theorem by Mund (Lett. Math. Phys. 43:319–328, 1998), stating that there are no free Anyons localized in spacelike cones. The two-particle scattering matrix, however, can be defined and is different from unity.     

Models of Local Relativistic Quantum Fields with Indefinite Metric (in All Dimensions)

A condition on a set of truncated Wightman functions is formulated and shown to permit the construction of the Hilbert space structure included in the Morchio--Strocchi modified Wightman axioms. The truncated Wightman functions which are obtained by analytic continuation of the (truncated) Schwinger functions of Euclidean scalar random fields and covariant vector (quaternionic) random fields constructed via convoluted generalized white noise, are then shown to satisfy this condition. As a consequence such random fields provide relativistic models for indefinite metric quantum field theory, in dimension 4 (vector case), respectively in all dimensions (scalar case). Received: 25 April 1996 / Accepted: 29 July 1996     

Ground States of Quantum Antiferromagnets in Two Dimensions

We explore the ground states and quantum phase transitions of two-dimensional, spin S=1/2, antiferromagnets by generalizing lattice models and duality transforms introduced by Sachdev and Jalabert (1990, Mod. Phys. Lett. B4, 1043). The minimal model for square lattice antiferromagnets is a lattice discretization of the quantum nonlinear sigma model, along with Berry phases which impose quantization of spin. With full SU(2) spin rotation invariance, we find a magnetically ordered ground state with Néel order at weak coupling and a confining paramagnetic ground state with bond charge (e.g., spin Peierls) order at strong coupling. We study the mechanisms by which these two states are connected in intermediate coupling. We extend the minimal model to study different routes to fractionalization and deconfinement in the ground state, and also generalize it to cases with a uniaxial anisotropy (the spin symmetry groups is then U(1)). For the latter systems, fractionalization can appear by the pairing of vortices in the staggered spin order in the easy-plane; however, we argue that this route does not survive the restoration of SU(2) spin symmetry. For SU(2) invariant systems we study a separate route to fractionalization associated with the Higgs phase of a complex boson measuring noncollinear, spiral spin correlations: we present phase diagrams displaying competition between magnetic order, bond charge order, and fractionalization, and discuss the nature of the quantum transitions between the various states. A strong check on our methods is provided by their application to S=1/2 frustrated antiferromagnets in one dimension: here, our results are in complete accord with those obtained by bosonization and by the solution of integrable models.     

Boson Fields on the Circle as Generalized Wightman Fields

We define an operator-valued distribution on the circle with the expected properties (correlation functions, Hermiticity, etc.) of the logarithmic boson field in the cylinder compact picture. This is done starting from the known Krein space realization of the right and left movers on the light cone and considering its relation with the U(1)-current algebra. The relevance of this construction fortwo-dimensional conformal quantum field theory is discussed.     

Weighted Circle Actions on the Heegaard Quantum Sphere

Weighted circle actions on the quantum Heeqaard 3-sphere are considered. The fixed point algebras, termed quantum weighted Heegaard spheres, and their representations are classified and described on algebraic and topological levels. On the algebraic side, coordinate algebras of quantum weighted Heegaard spheres are interpreted as generalised Weyl algebras, quantum principal circle bundles and Fredholm modules over them are constructed, and the associated line bundles are shown to be non-trivial by an explicit calculation of their Chern numbers. On the topological side, the C*-algebras of continuous functions on quantum weighted Heegaard spheres are described and their K-groups are calculated.     

Existence of Local Covariant Time Ordered Products of Quantum Fields in Curved Spacetime

 We establish the existence of local, covariant time ordered products of local Wick polynomials for a free scalar field in curved spacetime. Our time ordered products satisfy all of the hypotheses of our previous uniqueness theorem, so our construction essentially completes the analysis of the existence, uniqueness, and renormalizability of the perturbative expansion for nonlinear quantum field theories in curved spacetime. As a byproduct of our analysis, we derive a scaling expansion of the time ordered products about the total diagonal that expresses them as a sum of products of polynomials in the curvature times Lorentz invariant distributions, plus a remainder term of arbitrarily low scaling degree. Received: 6 December 2001 / Accepted: 10 June 2002 Published online: 21 October 2002     

Nuclearity, Local Quasiequivalence and Split Property for Dirac Quantum Fields in Curved Spacetime

We show that a free Dirac quantum field on a globally hyperbolic spacetime has the following structural properties: (a) any two quasifree Hadamard states on the algebra of free Dirac fields are locally quasiequivalent; (b) the split-property holds in the representation of any quasifree Hadamard state; (c) if the underlying spacetime is static, then the nuclearity condition is satisfied, that is, the free energy associated with a finitely extended subsystem (``box') has a linear dependence on the volume of the box and goes like ∝T^s+1 for large temperatures T, where s+1 is the number of dimensions of the spacetime.     

Tunneling in Two Dimensions

Tunneling is studied here as a variational problem formulated in terms of a functional which approximates the rate function for large deviations in Ising systems with Glauber dynamics and Kac potentials, [9]. The spatial domain is a two-dimensional square of side L with reflecting boundary conditions. For L large enough the penalty for tunneling from the minus to the plus equilibrium states is determined. Minimizing sequences are fully characterized and shown to have approximately a planar symmetry at all times, thus departing from the Wulff shape in the initial and final stages of the tunneling. In a final section (Sect. 11), we extend the results to d = 3 but their validity in d > 3 is still open.This research has been partially supported by MURST and NATO Grant PST.CLG.976552 and COFIN, Prin n.2004028108.     

Quantum Fields in the Spacetime Tangent Bundle

Maximal-acceleration invariant quantum fields are formulated in terms of the differential geometric structure of the spacetime tangent bundle. The simple special case is considered of a flat Minkowski space-time for which the bundle is also flat. The field is shown to have a physically based Planck-scale effective regularization and a spectral cutoff at the Planck mass.     

The Quantum Reduced Action in Higher Dimensions

The solution with respect to the reduced action of the one-dimensional stationary quantum Hamilton-Jacobi equation is well known in the literature. The extension to higher dimensions in the separated variable case was proposed in contradictory formulations. In this paper we provide new insights into the construction of the reduced action. In particular, contrary to the classical mechanics case, we analytically show that the reduced action constructed as a sum of one variable functions does not contain a complete information about the quantum motion. In the same context, we also make some observations about recent results concerning quantum trajectories. Finally, we will examine the conditions in which microstates appear even in the case where the wave function is complex.     

Quantum Size Effects on Two Electrons and Two Holes in Double-Layer Quantum Dots

We propose a procedure to solve exactly the Schrodinger equation for a system of two electrons and two holes in a double-layer quantum dot by using the method of few-body physics. The features of the low-lying spectra have been deduced based on symmetry. The binding energies of the ground state are obtained as a function of the electron-to-hole mass ratio σ for a few values of the quantum dot size.     

Quantum Mechanics on Path Space andPoint Interactions on a Circle

In this paper we analyze quantum mechanics formulated in terms of wave functionsdefined on what may be called the path space, rather than the traditional physicalspace. An explicit theory of quantum mechanics on a circle is given whichcan be readily applied to describe a superconducting current flowing around asuperconducting ring with a Josephson junction. The path space approach providesan elegant and natural interpretation of the current flow across the Josephsonjunction. A striking feature of the theory is the emergence of a superselectionrule inherent in the fundamental structure of the theory, without needing additionalad hoc assumptions. Other point interactions are discussed, including a -potentialon a circle and the standard Kronig-Penny model of a crystal lattice on thereal line.     

Barrier Li Quantum Dots in Magnetic Fields

The methods for the few-body system are introduced to investigate the states of the barrier Li quantum dots (QDs) in an arbitrary strength of magnetic field. The configuration, which consists of a positive ion located on the z-axis at a distaneed from the two-dimensional QD plane (the x-y plane) and three electrons in the dot plane bound by the positive ion, is called a barrier Li center. The system, which consists of three electrons in the dot plane bound by the ion,is called a barrier Li QD. The dependence of energy of the state of the barrier Li QD on an external magnetic field B and the distance d is obtained. The angular momentum L of the ground states is found to jump not only with the variation orB but also with d.