超高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子源-串联三重四极杆质谱分析饮用水中的高氯酸盐

建立了超高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子源-串联三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-ESI MS/MS)分析饮用水中高氯酸盐的方法.以300Extend-C18为分析柱,10%甲醇水溶液为流动相,ESI MS/MS串联质谱为检测器,以多重反应监测(MRM)模式监测高氯酸盐m/z 99.5→82.9离子对.方法的线性范围为0.2 ～10 μg/L,相关系数为r2=0.999 9,方法检出限为0.15 μg/L,平均加标回收率为82%,相对标准偏差为4.4%.应用UPLC-ESI MS/MS法测定北京市部分城区饮用水中的高氯酸盐,其中5个水样中检出ClO-4,质量浓度为0.040 ～0.262 μg/L,但在安全阈值范围内,不会对居民健康构成威胁.     

液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱法测定罂粟壳主要成分在止咳药中的含量

采用液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱仪,用多离子反应检测(MRM)定量法检测,通过对样品SPE净化预处理、色谱条件、质谱参数等的优化选择和方法学验证,建立了定量检测止咳药中的罂粟壳含量的理想方法。吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、那可丁的母离子质荷比分别为286.2、300.2、340.7、413.4、289.3;定量用子离子分别为165.0、215.1、202.5、324.7、220.0、201.1,另一组子离子分别为181.1、165.1、324.7、353.1、165.0。本方法灵敏度高、操作简单、定量准确。吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、那可丁的检出限LOD分别为0.073、0.024、0.003和0.0009μg/L(进样量10μL),定量限LOQ分别是0.24、0.08、0.01和0.003μg/L。回收率为95%~110%。     

电喷雾萃取电离-三重四极杆质谱快速检测PVC医疗器械中残留环己酮的方法研究

环己酮是一种广泛使用在PVC医疗器械生产中的粘接剂, 残留的环己酮会通过输液或介入治疗等过程进入人体而产生潜在危害, 快速检测残留环己酮对PVC医疗器械的质量控制具有重要意义. 结合三重四极杆质谱和电喷雾萃取电离技术, 建成能够对痕量环己酮气体快速检测的电喷雾萃取电离-三重四极杆质谱仪(EESI-MS/MS). 通过对EESI电离源的喷雾电压、载气流速等条件进行优化, 得到最优喷雾电压为3000 V, 最佳载气流速为11.67 L/min, 装置响应时间小于2.5 s, 信号强度的相对标准偏差为4.83%, 仪器的检出限为237.1×10^-9 (V/V). 利用EESI-MS/MS实现了对PVC输液管中残留环己酮的快速检测, 配合串级质谱的子离子扫描功能实现了环己酮的准确定性, 同时计算得到PVC输液管中残留环己酮的浓度为362.6×10^-9 (V/V). 建立的EESI-MS/MS在PVC医疗器械质量控制方面具有重要的应用价值.     

快速溶剂萃取-气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定沉积物中的酞酸酯

建立了快速溶剂萃取(ASE)-气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(GC-MS/MS)测定沉积物中酞酸酯的方法。样品用二氯甲烷-丙酮(体积比为1:1)混合溶剂在100 ℃、103.4 MPa (1500 psi)条件下经快速溶剂萃取、以5 mL/min的速率经凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)净化去除大分子干扰物后,采用GC-MS/MS分析测定。采用内标法定量,17种酞酸酯的检出限为0.05～0.40 μg/kg;回收率为50.5%～107.9%,相对标准偏差为3.5%～13.9%。采用替代物基体加入法对方法的性能进行了验证,3种替代物的回收率为65.3%～95.8%。该方法快速、灵敏度高,能同时准确定性定量测定17种酞酸酯。     

实时直接分析-串联质谱法快速筛查火锅底料、牛肉面汤及调味料中罂粟壳生物碱

建立了采用实时直接分析-串联质谱(DART-MS/MS)对火锅底料、牛肉面汤及调味料中5种非法添加的罂粟壳生物碱进行快速筛查的方法。样品经乙腈提取净化后,在离子化温度为300℃、栅极电压为150 V、进样速率为0.8 m m/s的DART离子源正离子模式条件下进样,以电喷雾离子源正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测,实现了样品经简单预处理后使用DART-MS/MS进行检测的新方法。该方法简便、快速,能满足大批量非法添加样品的快速筛查分析要求。     

气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法快速检验爆炸案件中苦味酸

鉴于现行的氯化苦衍生化检测方法在司法鉴定中存在假阳性风险,该文建立了甲基化衍生苦味酸（TNP）的气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱（GC-TQMS）检测方法。以原甲酸三甲酯（TMOF）为衍生化试剂,将苦味酸衍生为2,4,6-三硝基苯甲醚（TNA）后进行GC-TQMS分析。对苦味酸衍生化反应条件进行了优化,优化后的条件为,反应前先将样品干燥,TMOF加入量为100μL,加热温度为95℃,加热时间为70 min;对比了GC-TQMS在电子轰击电离（EI）模式和负化学电离（NCI）模式下的检测效果,EI模式下的检出限为1.33μg/L,NCI模式下的检出限为5.02μg/L。将该方法用于检测泥土中有机炸药混合物,平均加标回收率为84.0%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为4.6%,4种常见的硝基芳香族有机炸药对该方法无干扰。该方法简便快速、灵敏度高、选择性强,在识别爆炸混合物中的苦味酸成分方面有较大改进,满足司法鉴定实践需求,可用于实际案件中痕量TNP的检测。     

TurboFlow在线净化-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆/复合线性离子阱质谱法快速测定食品中违禁添加的罂粟壳

采用在线净化-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆/复合线性离子阱质谱(TF-UPLC-QTRAP MS)技术,建立了食品中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁和原阿片碱6种罂粟壳标志物的快速确证检测方法。样品经0.10 mol/L盐酸提取、正己烷脱脂后,直接注入TF-UPLC-QTRAP MS进行分析。对影响净化的条件如TF-净化柱、流动相、洗脱溶液等条件进行了优化。确定以TurboFlow Cyclone MCX柱作为净化柱,Acquity BEH C_(18)柱为分析柱,甲醇-0.05%(体积分数)氨水溶液作为流动相,电喷雾正离子模式下多反应监测-触发增强子离子(MRM-IDA-EPI)扫描方式检测,以溶剂标准内标法定量。方法的检出限为0.05~0.5μg/kg,定量限为0.2~2μg/kg。平均加标回收率为81.1%~98.6%,相对标准偏差为2.9%~15.7%(n=6)。该方法灵敏、准确,适用于食品中非法添加罂粟壳的检测,已应用于实际样品的测定。     

衍生化-气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定泼尼松龙中联氨

泼尼松龙是一种广泛用于临床治疗的肾上腺糖皮质激素药物,其中联氨的残留会直接影响用药安全,但目前国内外还没有出台相应的法律法规和标准来管控药物中联氨的残留限值.联氨具有强极性和强还原性,理化性质很不稳定,易被氧化,又因缺少发色团,相对分子质量太小,检测起来难度很大,需引入一种衍生化试剂,降低其极性,生成相对分子质量较大且...     

气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法同时测定烟草中8种生物碱

建立了气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)分析烟草中8种主要生物碱的方法。样品经10%NaOH溶液浸提,二氯甲烷超声萃取后,采用GC-MS/MS多反应监测(MRM)模式测定,内标法定量。8种生物碱的回收率为93.2%~99.0%,相对标准偏差为2.8%~6.7%。该方法简单快速、灵敏准确,适用于烟草样品中生物碱的快速测定。     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子源-串联三重四极杆质谱分析人血中羟基多溴联苯醚

建立了超高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子源串联三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS-MS)在负离子模式下测定人血中5种羟基多溴联苯醚(HO-PBDEs)的方法.血清样品中加入替代内标13C<,12四溴双酚-A(13C<,12TBBP-A),经萃取、净化、浓缩等预处理过程,多重反应监测(MRM),扫描通道为:m/z 555→4...     

基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱和电喷雾电离质谱在辣根过氧化物酶糖肽结构分析中的应用

糖链结构的质谱解析是今后糖蛋白分析中的重要研究内容,其中完整糖肽的分析,由于可以同时获得糖基化位点和对应糖链的结构信息,更具有重要意义和研究前景。本工作对质谱软电离技术在完整糖肽分析中的应用进行了研究,其中包括了基质辅助激光解吸电离(matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, MALDI)和电喷雾电离(electrospray ionization, ESI)技术。通过平行使用两种串联质谱(tandem mass spectrometry, MS/MS)分析策略: MALDI-MS/MS和ESI-MS/MS对目标糖蛋白——辣根过氧化物酶进行分析,并讨论了其互补性。结果表明,MALDI和ESI技术各有优劣,结合串联质谱分析,可获得糖肽的糖链结构信息;两条路线互补使用,在揭示蛋白质糖基化修饰(位点和结构)的研究中十分必要。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法快速筛查和确证渔药中86种非法添加化学品

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法快速筛查与确证渔药中86种非法添加禁限用药物的方法。渔药以80%(v/v)乙腈水溶液进行提取,通过稀释降低基质效应,采用ACQUITY PREMIER HSS T3色谱柱进行分离,以甲醇和0.1%甲酸水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾双喷离子源(Dual AJS ESI)正离子模式分析检测。建立了86种药物的一级精确质量数据库和二级碎片质谱库。在全扫描采集模式下,以化合物的色谱保留时间、精确质量数、同位素分布和同位素丰度比定性;在Target MS/MS采集模式下,通过二级碎片离子的匹配进一步确证化合物,以准分子离子峰的峰面积定量,实现渔药样品中多目标药物的快速定性定量分析。86种药物在各自的线性范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99,中草药制剂和抗生素粉剂的定量限(LOQ)范围分别为1~15 mg/kg和5~75 mg/kg,添加回收率范围为76.8%~112.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD, n=3)小于11.7%。该方法快速、简便、准确、灵敏,适用于不同种类渔药中禁限用非法添加药物的高通量筛查。将该方法应用于浙江省渔用投入品质量安全监督抽检项目中,共筛查60个样品,其中8种中草药制剂筛查出说明书中未明确标明的药物成分,1种抗生素粉剂未检出有效成分。该研究为渔药的质量安全监控提供了有效的技术手段。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法快速筛查农药制剂中非法添加的杀虫剂

建立了农药制剂中48种非法添加杀虫剂的超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF MS）快速筛查方法。可湿性粉剂、乳油和悬浮剂3种剂型的农药制剂样品经甲醇溶解、提取后,采用UPLC-Q-TOF MS检测,48种杀虫剂在0.5～20 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,线性相关系数（R²）大于0.99。48种农药的定量限为0.05～0.4 mg/kg,检出限为0.01～0.2 mg/kg,低、中、高3个加标水平下的平均回收率为86.3%～101.5%,相对标准偏差为1.7%～4.0%。该方法快速、准确,可用于农药制剂中多种杀虫剂的快速筛查。     

Rapid screening and identification of cytochalasins by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

The cytochalasin class of fungal metabolites was analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) with the aim of developing a methodology for their rapid identification in microbial extracts. ESI-MS analyses of reference cytochalasins were performed and several product ions were produced in MS/MS experiments on parent ions that are structurally characteristic. A precursor ion search was performed to detect cytochalasins in an ethyl acetate extract of fungal strain RK97-F21. Three cytochalasins were detected and one of the components was identified as epoxycytochalasin H by comparing the tandem mass spectra of the product ions with those of reference compounds. This finding was further validated by LC/MS and LC/MS/MS experiments.     

Analysis of lipids with desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization‐mass spectrometry (DAPPI‐MS) and desorption electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (DESI‐MS)

In this article, the effect of spray solvent on the analysis of selected lipids including fatty acids, fat‐soluble vitamins, triacylglycerols, steroids, phospholipids, and sphingolipids has been studied by two different ambient mass spectrometry (MS) methods, desorption electrospray ionization‐MS (DESI‐MS) and desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization‐MS (DAPPI‐MS). The ionization of the lipids with DESI and DAPPI was strongly dependent on the spray solvent. In most cases, the lipids were detected as protonated or deprotonated molecules; however, other ions were also formed, such as adduct ions (in DESI), [M‐H]⁺ ions (in DESI and DAPPI), radical ions (in DAPPI), and abundant oxidation products (in DESI and DAPPI). DAPPI provided efficient desorption and ionization for neutral and less polar as well as for ionic lipids but caused extensive fragmentation for larger and more labile compounds because of a thermal desorption process. DESI was more suitable for the analysis of the large and labile lipids, but the ionization efficiency for less polar lipids was poor. Both methods were successfully applied to the direct analysis of lipids from pharmaceutical and food products. Although DESI and DAPPI provide efficient analysis of lipids, the multiple and largely unpredictable ionization reactions may set challenges for routine lipid analysis with these methods. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定火锅底料中的5种罂粟壳生物碱残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)联用法检测火锅底料中吗啡、可待因、那可丁、罂粟碱、蒂巴因5种生物碱残留的分析方法。样品经含0.2%甲酸的乙腈提取,PRi ME HLB固相萃取小柱快速净化,ACQUITY BHE C18色谱柱(1.7μm,2.1 mm×50 mm)分离,以p H 8.0氨水溶液和乙腈作为流动相,梯度洗脱,经电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离及多反应监测(MRM)测定目标化合物,采用基质标准溶液曲线法定量分析。结果表明,吗啡、可待因的线性范围为0.25~100μg/L,蒂巴因的线性范围为0.05~100μg/L,那可丁、罂粟碱的线性范围为0.05~10μg/L,相关系数均大于0.999。5种生物碱的检出限为0.9~4.5μg/kg,定量下限为3.0~15.0μg/kg;在1、5、10μg/kg(吗啡和可待因为5、25、50μg/kg)3个加标水平下的回收率为70.7%~109.6%,相对标准偏差小于11%。该方法操作快速简单、灵敏度高,适用于火锅底料中罂粟壳生物碱残留的定性与定量分析。     

Depth profiling of inks in authentic and counterfeit banknotes by electrospray laser desorption ionization/mass spectrometry

Electrospray laser desorption ionization is an ambient ionization technique that generates neutrals via laser desorption and ionizes those neutrals in an electrospray plume and was utilized to characterize inks in different layers of copy paper and banknotes of various currencies. Depth profiling of inks was performed on overlapping color bands on copy paper by repeatedly scanning the line with a pulsed laser beam operated at a fixed energy. The molecules in the ink on a banknote were desorbed by irradiating the banknote surface with a laser beam operated at different energies, with results indicating that different ions were detected at different depths. The analysis of authentic $US100, $100 RMB and $1000 NTD banknotes indicated that ions detected in ‘color‐shifting’ and ‘typography’ regions were significantly different. Additionally, the abundances of some ions dramatically changed with the depth of the aforementioned regions. This approach was used to distinguish authentic $1000 NTD banknotes from counterfeits. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Characterization of barley leaf tissue using direct and indirect desorption electrospray ionization imaging mass spectrometry

Chemical profiling of barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaves was demonstrated using direct and indirect desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) imaging mass spectrometry. Direct DESI analysis of the untreated leaves was not possible despite a significant content of hydroxynitrile glucosides known to reside in the epidermis of the leaves. Instead, the epidermis was stripped off the leaves, thus allowing direct DESI imaging to be performed on the back of the epidermis. Furthermore, indirect DESI imaging was performed by making imprints in porous Teflon of the intact leaves as well as of the stripped epidermis. The DESI images reveal accumulation of hydroxynitrile glucosides in the leaf epidermis, homogeneously distributed throughout the surface. The indirect DESI approach enables relative quantitation, confirming variations of hydroxynitrile glucosides content in primary leaves of three different cultivars of barley seedlings. The study presents an example of how to overcome the morphological barriers from the plant surface and perform rapid and repeatable DESI imaging. In addition, a comparison is made of direct and indirect DESI imaging, contributing to the characterization of the recently developed method of indirect DESI imaging of plant material via porous Teflon imprints.     

Distinguishing authentic and counterfeit banknotes by surface chemical composition determined using electrospray laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry

Electrospray laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (ELDI/MS) was used to rapidly distinguish authentic banknotes from counterfeits of the US dollar and the New Taiwan dollar. The banknotes' surfaces were irradiated with a pulsed ultraviolet laser, after which the desorbed ink compounds entered an electrospray plume and formed ions via interactions with charged solvent species. Authentic banknotes were found to differ from their counterfeit equivalents in their surface chemical compositions. The detected chemical compounds included various polymers, plasticizers and inks; these results were comparable with those obtained using solvent extraction followed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis. Because of the high spatial resolution of the laser beam, ELDI/MS analysis resulted in minimal damage to the banknotes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.