Wavelength-addressed intra-board optical interconnection by plug-in alignment with a micro hole array

Intra-board interconnection between optical waveguide channels is suitable for assembling high-speed optoelectronic printed wiring boards (OE-PWB). Here, we propose a novel optical interconnection method combining techniques for both wavelength-based optical waveguide addressing and plug-in optical waveguide alignment with a micro-hole array (MHA). This array was fabricated by the mask transfer method. For waveguide addressing, we used a micro passive wavelength selector (MPWS) module, which is a type of Littrow mount monochromator consisting of an optical diffraction grating, a focusing lens, and the MHA. From the experimental results, we found that the wavelength addressing operation of the MPWS module was effective for intra-board optical interconnection.     

高斯光束计算平板波导自由传输区远场分布及其修正

对近轴近似条件下求解亥姆霍兹方程得到的高斯光束显式传播公式做了分析，同时，基于基尔霍夫衍射理论，在菲涅耳近似的条件下给出了相应的高斯光束在远场的传播公式，在此基础上，对近轴近似条件做出了定量分析，给出了这个近似条件引入的误差，提出了一种计算高斯光束远场分布的修正方法，并采用有限差分-光束传播方法(FD-BPM)来检验各种方法的准确性。把这种修正方法应用到平面光集成波导器件，如阵列波导光栅(AWG)、蚀刻衍射光栅(EDG)等器件的设计和模拟中，可以大大降低工作的复杂性，同时可以得到精确的结果。     

基于计算机的光衍射的数值计算与显示

本文研究了基于计算机的光场分布的数值计算与显示方法。从光的菲涅尔衍射、波前相位重构入手,对连续信号进行了离散化处理,给出了数值计算公式。对光波通过矩形孔径、传播后的光场分布进行了数值计算与显示。仿真结果表明数值计算更加直观地展现了光的特性,并提供可视化的验证。     

平行单色光狭缝衍射的区域划分

利用基尔霍夫衍射公式通过数值计算绘制出理想狭缝在不同区域的衍射光强分布,并与菲涅耳衍射公式及夫朗禾费衍射公式的计算的结果比较,对基尔霍夫衍射公式、菲涅尔衍射公式和夫朗禾费衍射公式的适用范围做了详细的讨论.     

基于大数值孔径环形光锥照明的超分辨光学 显微成像方法研究

提出和发展了一种基于大数值孔径环形光锥照明的远场超分辨光学显微成像新方法, 采用将发光二极管(LED)面光源、窄带滤光和环形光锥照明相结合的特种照明方式, 实现超分辨显微成像. 建立了大数值孔径环形光锥照明成像的物理模型, 根据标量衍射理论, 在不同环形光锥照明时, 推导出光学显微系统像面衍射斑光强分布的理论计算公式; 通过Matlab求解和绘图, 得到衍射斑光强的分布图样, 从理论上证明这一成像方法可以有效提高光学显微镜的分辨率; 建立了相应的显微成像系统, 通过实验验证了该方法可有效改善显微镜的成像质量, 显著提高分辨率; 在中心波长450 nm、环形光锥数值孔径1.125—1.25时, 实验获得的分辨率至少优于150 nm, 与理论研究结果相符合, 从而证明了这一方法的可行性.     

Numerical analysis for smoothing of CW multimode beam transformed by time-varying random phase plate

The numerical analysis of CW multimode laser beam transformed by time-varying random phase plate is presented in this paper. The method is based on diffraction integral formula. The dependence of the intensity distribution on the element size, changing frequency and duty ratio is discussed in detail. The numerical results account for the experimental results satisfactorily.     

贝塞耳函数调制的高斯光束通过有光阑ABCD光学系统的传输

基于惠更斯菲涅尔广义衍射积分,对变量为径向平方的贝塞耳函数调制的高斯光束(QBG光束)通过有圆孔光阑限制的一阶ABCD光学系统的传输进行了研究.采用将圆域函数可表示为复高斯函数叠加的方法,推导出了普适的场分布解析公式,以QBG光束通过有圆孔光阑限制的薄透镜系统为例进行了分析与讨论,数值计算结果证明了本文所用方法的优点,所得结果与直接用广义衍射积分公式进行复杂的数值计算结果完全一致 关键词： QBG光束 光阑 ABCD光学系统 传输特性     

超声波检测计算机模拟和仿真的研究及应用现状

随着高性能计算机的广泛应用，超声检测模拟和仿真的研究方兴未艾。本文对这些研究所选择的数学模型和方法进行了综合评述，探讨了Gaussiam模型、声线模型、衍射理论、有限积分技术等的应用，涉及的方法包括各种解析方法及有限差分、有限元、边界元等数值方法。     

A comparative study of the propagation of vectorial nonparaxial beams in the use of different approaches

Starting from the vectorial Rayleigh diffraction integral formula and using a simple expansion of the nucleus in the Rayleigh formula, an analytical propagation equation of vectorial nonparaxial Gaussian beams in free space is derived, which permits us to perform numerical calculations in comparison with the expression derived by Ciattoni et al. and with the direct numerical integration of the Rayleigh formula. It is found that as usual the use of expansion of vectorial Rayleigh diffraction integral is sufficient to provide satisfactory numerical results as compared with the direct integration of the Rayleigh formula. The above two analytical expressions are valid under certain conditions, however both are applicable in the far field.     

Wavefront Curvature Sensing Based on Diffraction Grating and Fractional Fourier Transforms

We propose a new concept for wavefront curvature sensing, which is based on diffraction grating and fractional Fourier transforms systems. An explicit formula is derived expressing the wavefront curvature, and the wavefront shape can also be retrieved rapidly. The experimental setup is presented and numerical simulations show the validity of the proposed method.     

多模激光束通过时间变化相位片变换的数值分析

根据衍射积分公式,对连续多模激光束通过随时间变化相位片的变换特性进行了数值模拟,详细地讨论了相位片单元尺寸和相位变化频率对多模光束光滑和能量分布的影响。数值模拟结果很好地解释了实验结果。     

显微数字全息中物光波前重建方法研究和比较

根据全息理论和线性系统理论,采用离轴无透镜傅里叶变换全息记录光路,对利用菲涅耳近似法、基于瑞利—索末菲衍射积分的卷积法以及角谱理论方法数值重建全息图进行了比较研究,并做了计算机模拟验证.结果表明：菲涅耳近似法和角谱方法重建像质比较好,且菲涅耳方法重建速度快;在记录距离极小的情况下,尽管记录距离不满足通常的菲涅耳近似条件,菲涅耳近似公式仍然成立;自由空间脉冲响应的快速傅里叶变换的性质与距离有关,由卷积方法得到的再现像只在某一特定距离下比较理想;对于极小物场、大孔径显微数字全息来说,菲涅耳近似重建方法是较为有效的方法.     

Atom diffraction from magnetic gratings in the thin phase-grating approximation

The problem of atom diffraction from a reflecting magnetic diffraction grating is solved in the thin phase-grating approximation. The general problem for scalar diffraction is modelled using a semi-classical method in which the grating potential is separated into a reflecting term and a diffracting term. The trajectory of the atom in the reflecting potential is solved classically and the atom wave function in the diffracting potential found by integrating the phase change along the classical trajectory. The diffraction orders are obtained after Fourier transforming the result. This can be done independently of the grating potential resulting in a general formula for the diffraction efficiencies. The general result is applied to the problem of atom diffraction from a magnetic grating. Several approximations are required to reduce the problem to a form amenable to analytic solution. The results are compared with an accurate numerical method. Received 1st February 2001 and Received in final form 8 March 2001     

电子学全息法再现三维物场

叙述了一种采用电子学全息法分析三维物场的定量方法，它包括：（１）三维物场全息图的数字记录，２）全息图面上复振幅分布的数字再现，（３）利用空间频域衍射公式计算其它平面上的复振幅分布，由此可以获得整个三维物场的信息。本文同时还给出这一数字再现方法的空间分辨率。最后通过计算机模拟展示了一个理想三维物场的再现过程及再现结果。     

电子全息法三维物场逐层分析

本文叙述了一种三维物场的定量再现、分析方法,其中采用了电子全息法,它包括:1)三维物场全息图的数字记录,2)全息图面上复振幅分布的数字再现,3)三维物场的逐层再现。由此可以获得整个三维物场的信息,这一方法以CCD摄象机作为记录介质,然后把由CCD采集的数字全息图输入计算机,利用频谱滤波法经过傅里叶变换、频谱分离、反傅里叶变换再现出全息图面上的复振幅。在此基础上借助频域衍射公式可再现出任何一层(平行于全息图面)上的图象。这样,我们用这一数字再现和逐层分析的方法便可研究三维物场的一些特性,如物体在其中的位置等。整个再现过程是由计算机软件实现,其中采用了二维快速傅里叶变换算法,再现过程可在几分钟内完成。本文同时还给出了这一数字再现方法的空间分辨率,并且通过计算机模拟展示了一个理想三维物场的再现过程及再现结果。最后指出了这一方法存在的问题及未来的应用前景。     

圆孔限制下有相位变化的高斯光束远场发散度的理论分析

依据夫琅和费衍射理论,通过引入高斯变换,即把夫琅和费衍射积分中的贝赛尔函数用一高斯函数来近似,详细分析并推导出圆孔限制下具有相位变化的高斯光束远场发散度的近似计算公式.与传统数值积分求光束发散度相比,它避免了繁琐数值积分,其误差不超过3％.     

Performance of a noise barrier within an enclosed space

The present study involved experimental, theoretical, and numerical analyses of the insertion loss provided by rigid noise barriers in an enclosed space. The existing classical diffuse-field theory may be unable to predict the actual sound pressure level distribution and barrier insertion loss for indoor applications. Although predictions made by the ray tracing method at high frequencies are reasonably satisfactory, the method is computer-intensive and time-consuming. We propose a new formula that incorporates the effects of diffraction theory and the reflection of sound between room surfaces. Our results indicate that the present formula provides more realistic and practical predictions of the barrier insertion loss than existing approaches.     

脉冲压缩光栅光路调节新方法研究

介绍了一种简单而实用的大口径脉冲压缩光栅光路调节方法,有效解决了普通光路调节方法中轴向调节精度不高的问题。首先由全息透镜(光栅)成像公式出发,推导出了该光路调节的基本原理。并从光栅记录系统与光栅衍射波像差的关系,结合初级像差理论推导得出叠栅条纹像差为0.4786λ,大约是光栅衍射波像差(0.25λ)的两倍,利用此关系也可对光栅衍射波像差进行实时监测。从数值模拟结果可知,利用叠栅条纹法调节光路可将光栅波像差减至0.06λ,相应的轴向误差量为0.007 mm,可有效提高了轴向调节精度。     

用多级台阶量化相位光栅分离偏振光

构造了三角形轮廓多级台阶量化相位光栅模型,用傅里叶光学方法详细推导了光栅衍射场强的解析表达式。分析了这种光栅对偏振光的分离和聚焦特性,并优化设计了两个光栅。数值模拟和分析表明,模型光栅能够将o光和e光分离任意距离,并分别在指定的方向上聚焦。计算结果显示,取8～16个量化级就可以得到较大的衍射效率,两偏振光的能量比较均衡,偏振性能较好;量化级数的进一步增加只是衍射效率有所增加,并不能提高偏振性能。     

Propagation of a stochastic electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beam through an optical system in turbulent atmosphere

A generalized diffraction integral formula for stochastic electromagnetic beams propagating through an optical system in turbulent atmosphere is derived with the help of tensor method. Some analyses are illustrated by a numerical example relating to changes in the average intensity and the degree of polarization of an electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beam propagating through a double-lenses system. It is shown that the optical system has strong influence on the propagation properties of the beam. The method used in this paper can be widely applied to the propagation of astigmatic beams through an optical system in turbulent atmosphere.