集成双波导半导体光放大器光开关实现波长转换的理论研究

建立了基于集成双波导半导体光放大器的光开关(ITG-SOA-Switch)的理论分析模型.与半导体光放大器(SOA)的特性相比较表明，由于ITG-SOA-Switch合并了多种物理效应，故其静态增益饱和曲线在饱和功率点附近具有大幅度陡峭下降的独特性质.理论分析和10 Gbit/s波长转换模拟结果显示，恰当地选择输入抽运光的功率范围，ITG-SOA-Switch波长转换器输出转换光的消光比特性较之输入抽运光会有显著的改善. 关键词： 波长转换 半导体光放大器 集成双波导半导体光放大器 光开关     

基于半导体光放大器交叉偏振调制的波长转换理论研究

在半导体光放大器中,采用由张应变引起的自身双折射理论模型对交叉偏振调制型全光波长转换器的波长转换特性进行了数值研究,并对数值结果与相关实验进行了对比。结果表明:通过调节系统参量,可以实现同相或反相波长转换;同相和反相波长转换时输出的信号啁啾、消光比和眼图具有不同特性;随着数据传输速率的增加,输出信号的眼图张开度减小,啁啾变大。     

基于半导体激光器的全光波长转换的理论研究

全光波长转换是全光网络的关键技术之一。利用多模半导体激光器的速率方程,建立了基于半导体激光器的全光波长转换器的理论模型,该模型不仅考虑了注入信号光对激光腔内载流子的消耗,而且考虑了激光腔对注入信号光的放大作用。利用该模型分析了半导体激光器工作电流、注入信号光功率以及码率各参数对波长转换特性的影响。结果对于确定基于半导体激光器的全光波长转换器件的最佳工作条件有一定的参考价值。     

Rapidly tunable all-optical wavelength converter based on single semiconductor optical amplifier delay interferometer

We demonstrate a rapidly tunable 10 Gb/s all-optical wavelength converter based on a semiconductor optical amplifier delay interferometer and a tunable laser. It uses a 16-channel 100 GHz-spacing digitally tunable multifrequency laser based on a novel external-cavity laser design. The bit sequence on the incoming wavelength is converted alternatively to different wavelengths. Power penalties are 1.1 dB for 30 ns guard-time spacing between wavelength packets.     

基于半导体光放大器瞬态交叉相位调制效应的高速反相和同相波长转换的研究

采用半导体光放大器(SOA)中的瞬态交叉相位调制效应是实现高速全光信号处理的有效途径.利用SOA和带宽为0.4 nm的窄带滤波器同时实现了重复频率为10 GHz、脉冲宽度为10 ps的同相和反相全光波长转换.当滤波器的中心波长相对于探测光载波波长蓝移0.25 nm或者红移0.05 nm时，得到反相波长转换；当滤波器的中心波长相对于探测光波长蓝移0.29 nm或者红移0.25 nm时，得到同相的波长转换.同时用数值模拟了从同相到反相波长转换的极性演化过程，理论分析和实验结果基本相符. 关键词： 半导体光放大器 波长转换 瞬态交叉相位调制     

Towards 640 Gbit/s wavelength conversion based on nonlinear polarization rotation in a semiconductor optical amplifier

Taking into account ultra-fast carrier dynamics, this paper models 640 Gbit/s wavelength conversion scheme based on nonlinear polarization rotation （NPR） in a single semiconductor optical amplifier （SOA） and investigates the performance of this kind of wavelength conversion scheme in detail. In this model, two carrier temperature equations are introduced to substitute two energy density equations, which reduce the complexity of calculation in comparison with the previous model. The temporary gain and phase shift dynamics induced by ultra-short optical pulses are numerically simulated and the simulated results are qualitatively in good agreement with reported experimental results. Simulated results show that non-inverted and inverted 640 Gbit/s wavelength conversions based on NPR are achieved with clear open eye diagrams. To further investigate the performance of the non-inverted wavelength conversion scheme, the dependence of output extinction ratio （ER） on some key parameters used in simulation is illustrated. Furthermore, simulated analyses show that high performance non-inverted wavelength conversion based on NPR can be achieved by using a red-shifted filtering scheme.     

新型结构可调谐全光波长转换器的理论与实验研究

可调谐波长转换器是智能化光网络中的关键光电子器件. 提出了一种基于半导体光放大器的环形激光器实现连续可调全光波长转换的方案，建立了该方案的理论模型. 理论计算和实际测定了不同条件下波长转换的输出特性，实验结果与理论计算基本符合. 实验中实现了40nm范围内连续可调、转换速率为2.5Gb/s的交叉增益调制型波长转换. 关键词： 可调谐波长转换 半导体光放大器 环形腔     

All-optical wavelength converters for optical switching applications

We present the latest results about all-optical wavelength conversion obtained within the European Union—funded RACE ATMOS project. In particular, solutions based on carrier depletion in Distributed Brag Reflector lasers have reached penalty-free polarization-insensitive operation at up to 2.5 Gbit/s, while solutions based on Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (SOAS) under cross-gain modulation have been demonstrated at more than 20 Gbit/s. The study of cross-phase modulation in SOAs has also been performed, leading to the monolithic integration of SOAs within an interferometer, according to structures proposed by the project. Penalty-free operation at up to 10 Gbit/s as well as signal reshaping have been obtained with such devices. Besides the study of components, wavelength converters have been used in several demonstrators assessing their maturity and compatibility with photonic-switching applications.     

All-optical XNOR and AND gates simultaneously realized in a single semiconductor optical amplifier with improved dynamics

All-optical XNOR and AND logic gates using four-wave mixing (FWM) and cross-gain modulation (XGM) in a single semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) with improved dynamics are simultaneously realized. By numerical simulation, the effects of the input optical wave powers and injection current on the critical factors of the logic gate performances, such as the ON--OFF contrast ratio, the power-output level of the logic `1', and the difference between power outputs of the logic `1', are investigated in detail. In addition, the effect of the counter-propagating CW pump on the gain recovery is analysed.     

Effect of amplified spontaneous emission on semiconductor optical amplifier based all-optical logic

The performances of all-optical logic gates XOR, AND, OR, NOR and NAND based on semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) have been simulated including the effects of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). For the parameters used, all-optical logic gates using SOA are capable of operating at speed of 80 Gb/s.     

200-Gb/s wavelength conversion using a delayed-interference all-optical semiconductor gate assisted by nonlinear polarization rotation

The pattern-induced intensity fluctuation (PIF) of output signals with a bit-rate above 160 Gb/s has been one of the major issues regarding all-optical semiconductor gates. We have demonstrated that the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) in the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) plays a significant role in the high-frequency operation of a delayed-interference signal-wavelength converter (DISC). We did this using a cross-correlation system whose temporal resolution is 1.5 ps which was developed to monitor our 200-Gb/s, 4992-bit-long binary-patterned waveforms. When we experimentally optimized the NPR effect inside our DISC specially for our 200-Gb/s wavelength conversion, the PIF was significantly improved (from 5.0 to 1.5, for example). Our systematically measured dependence of the PIF on the polarization settings was qualitatively explained with the new gate model that we developed earlier in this work.     

半导体光放大器中垂直双抽运四波混频效应的理论研究

建立了输入信号光偏振方向任意情况下的半导体光放大器(SOA)中 垂直双抽运四波混频(FWM)效应的完整宽带理论模型. 以基于SOA的垂直双抽运FWM型全光波长转换器为例, 通过数值模拟的方法, 理论研究了输入信号光与两抽运光功率、两抽运光与信号光之间的波长失 谐量和输入信号光偏振方向等工作参数对SOA的垂直双抽 运FWM效应及基于SOA的垂直双抽运FWM型波长转换器特性的影响.     

基于半导体光放大器和光学滤波器的同相波长转换理论研究

采用半导体光放大器(SOA)级联滤波器的方案可以实现高速全光波长转换,其中,滤波器实质上是对SOA输出信号的光谱进行优化操作.文中利用带通滤波器(BPF)和延时干涉仪(DI)组成的光谱优化器,不仅实现了80Gbit/s同相波长转换,而且基于遗传算法设计光谱优化器的参数,极大地提高了输出信号的质量.同时,也从理论上分析了SOA中超快带内效应对信号光谱的影响以及光谱优化器中BPF和DI的消光比对输出信号质量的影响.     

Degenerate four-wave mixing based all-optical wavelength conversion in a semiconductor optical amplifier and highly-nonlinear photonic crystal fiber parametric loop mirror

The idler is separated from the co-propagating pump in a degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) with a symmetrical parametric loop mirror (PALM), which is composed of two identical SOAs and a 70 m highly-nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (HN-PCF). The signal and pump are coupled into the symmetrical PALM from different ports, respectively. After the DFWM based wavelength conversion (WC) in the clockwise and anticlockwise, the idler exits from the signal port, while the pump outputs from its input port. Therefore, the pump is effectively suppressed in the idler channel without a high-speed tunable filter. Contrast to a traditional PALM, the DFWM based conversion efficiency is increased greatly, and the functions of the amplification and the WC are integrated in the smart SOA and HN-PCF PALM.     

半导体光放大器亚皮秒量级超快动态特性的研究

通过考虑脉冲频谱的增益色散，提出了一个分析亚皮秒光脉冲在半导体光放大器(SOA)中传输的新思路.分别对超快光脉冲在时域和频域内进行离散化，建立了一个更为合理的传输数值模型.基于该模型，观察到了脉冲频谱的明显漂移，并探讨了漂移量与脉冲载波波长、脉冲能量、脉冲宽度、SOA长度和注入电流等外部条件之间的关系，从理论上解释了文献没有证实的实验结果.同时，基于交叉增益调制原理，利用双光束结构，描述了载流子加热、光谱烧孔效应和双光子吸收等非线性效应引起的增益压缩.理论分析的结果为改善SOA的动态特性提供了指导. 关键词： 半导体光放大器 超快非线性效应 增益色散性     

A new approach to all-optical half-adder by utilizing semiconductor optical amplifier based MZI wavelength converter

Semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) has already been established itself as a strong all-optical switching element for conducting super fast optical operations. Many all optical logic operations have been proposed by the use of SOA. Here in this paper the authors proposed a new method of implementing all-optical frequency encoded logic operations and half-adder by the use of SOA as well as Mach Zehnder interferometer. The advantage of frequency encoding has been strongly exploited here.     

增益半导体光放大器的特性

为满足半导体光放大器（SOA）在光纤到户FTTH系统接入网中的广泛应用,提出了基于光纤光栅外腔反馈型GC-SOA结构的全光增益机制,窄线宽激光光源经可变衰减器、隔离器和光纤光栅注入到SOA中,SOA的输出光经隔离器和光纤光栅送至光谱分析仪,通过光纤光栅反馈输入SOA形成钳制激光。对GC-SOA的阈值特性、增益特性及开关特性进行分析,结果表明:当注入电流小于GC-SOA的阈值电流时,增益随注入电流的增加而增加;当注入电流大于GC-SOA的阈值电流后,其增益不再随注入电流的变化而变化,实现了SOA的增益稳定,使SOA的饱和输出功率得到了提高。     

Design optimization of all-optical actively mode-locked ring laser based on cross-gain modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier

A complete and detailed model is presented that describes the main physical phenomena that occur in an actively mode-locked fiber ring laser based on cross-gain modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier employed as both the gain medium and mode-locking element. The relationship between key laser parameters and the output pulse characteristics is numerically analyzed to provide simple design rules and derive a set of necessary operational conditions. The adoption of these rules and the satisfaction of these conditions enables the optimization of the laser performance and the generation of short and high energy mode-locked output pulses.     

Analytic approach to the small-signal frequency response of saturated semiconductor optical amplifiers using multisection model

An analytic solution derived by multisection model to the small-signal frequency response (SSFR) of wavelength conversion based on cross-gain modulation (XGM) in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is presented. The result contains details that can affect the characteristics of SSFR significantly more than previous ones.     

基于相向工作方式下交叉增益调制型波长转换器特性的研究

全光波长转换器是密集波分复用系统中的关键光电子器件,也是混合WDM/OTDM光网络实用化的关键部分。从脉冲传输方程和载流子密度方程出发,详细分析了相向工作方式下交叉增益调制型波长转换器转换后光的消光比和啁啾特性。在分段动态模型中考虑了剩余端面反射和自发辐射噪声的影响,模拟结果为交叉增益调制型波长转换器的性能优化提供理论依据。