电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法测定CPU导热硅脂中的铅和镉

采用几种消解方法对样品进行前处理,建立了电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定导热硅脂中铅、镉等有害金属元素的方法.结果表明:高温灰化法Pb、Cd有损失;(1 1)王水湿法消解法Pb有损失;硝酸-高氯酸湿法消解法Pb和Cd几乎无损失;该方法精密度范围为0.22%-2.40%,Pb和Cd检出限分别为0.030μg·mL-1和0.006μg·mL-1.与石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)相比,ICP-AES具有简单、快速、准确等特点.     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定海藻羊栖菜中的微量元素

采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定海藻羊栖菜中Co、Pb、Cd、As、Cu、Zn、V、Cr 8种微量元素,对样品的前处理条件进行了探讨,选用Li、Sc、Ge、Y、In、Tb、Bi 7种元素作内标液校正基体效应和信号漂移,该方法对8种待测元素的检出限分别为0.007-0.042μg/g,相对标准偏差为0.42%-2.56%,标准物质测定回收率为92.5%-106.5%,对标准物质样品分析的结果与所给参考值吻合.方法快速、简便、准确,适合常规分析.     

微波消解-氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定食品中的微量元素硒

采用HNO3-HClO4作为消解剂,在微波消解炉中消解样品,原子荧光光谱法测定食品中的微量元素硒.在最佳测定条件下测定元素硒的线性回归方程为:IF=95.4853C 9.2045,线性范围为0.5-10.0μg/L,相关系数r=0.9997.回收率2.0μg/L为95.65%-103.04%,6.0μg/L为95.61%-102.42%;相对标准偏差2.0μg/L为2.18%-3.55%,6.0μg/L为2.22%-3.98%.食品样品采用微波消解后,可用氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定其中的微量元素硒.     

微波消解-ICP-MS同时测定珠光颜料中的8种元素

采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定珠光颜料中Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Ba、Cr、Sb、Se8种元素的含量.各元素的校准曲线线性关系良好(r=0.9991-1.0000),检出限为1.17-30.59μg/L,用标准加入法作了回收率实验,在1.0-10mg/kg水平回收率在94.5%-101.7...     

氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定卷烟辅料中汞

研究了氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定卷烟辅料中汞的方法,样品采用HNO3H2O2微波消解,然后以硼氢化钠为还原剂,用氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定卷烟辅料中的汞.在最佳微波消化条件和测定条件下,线性范围为0.06-200μg/L,检出限为0.01μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.2%-2.9%,回收率为97%-104%.结果令人满意.     

电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法测定新锆合金(锆-锡-铁-铬-铌)中10种微量杂质元素

IPC-AES测定了新锆合金中10种微量杂质元素Al、Co、Cu、Mg、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Ti和V.试液浓度为10mg/mL时,测定范围在20-1060μg/g之间,回收率在94%-108%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为4.3%-7.4%之间.     

微波灰化-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定出口小麦淀粉中痕量铅

建立了微波灰化,断续流动-氢化物发生-双道原子荧光光度计测定小麦淀粉中痕量铅的方法,解决了小麦淀粉前处理难的问题,研究了加入硝酸后对铅测定的影响,探讨了酸度、还原剂浓度、基体效应对氢化物发生的影响。铅的线性范围为1.00-200.0μg/L,方法检出限为0.57μg/L,回收率为88.50%-103.3%,精密度为2.54%-4.82%。     

微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中砷和硒

采用王水(1 1)作消解剂,以微波消解的方法处理土壤样品,氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中砷、硒,设定了最佳的样品处理条件和仪器测定条件.利用加标回收试验,对分析方法进行了验证.砷、硒的检出限分别为0.94μg/L和0.15μg/L,测定土壤中砷、硒的回收率分别为90%-105%、89%-104%,RSD分别为2.2%-4.0%、1.9%-3.1%.     

FAAS法测定苦杏仁和甜杏仁中的13种金属元素

采用硝酸、高氯酸(V/V=4/1)常压微沸条件下消解苦杏仁和甜杏仁样品,火焰原子吸收法测定苦杏仁和甜杏仁中的金属元素:Mn、Ca、K、Mg、Na、Zn、Cu、Fe、Co、Cd、Ni、Pb、Cr的含量,研究了测定不同元素仪器的最佳工作条件、方法的准确度和精密度.结果表明:苦杏仁中Mn、Ca、K、Mg、Na、Zn、Cu、Fe、Co、Cd、Ni和Pb的含量分别为11.756,1614.167,5153.191,238.478,97.668,274.836,16.844,546.316,9.952,3.474,5.979,2.143μg·g-1Cr未检出,方法回收率(n=9)在97.32%-102.57%之间,RSD(n=9)在0.14%-2.22%之间;甜杏仁中Mn、Ca、K、Mg、Ni、Zn、Cu、Fe、Co、Cd、Ni和Pb的含量分别为6.622,1937.503,8663.824,216.956,257.546,77.961,12.483,372.183,7.990,3.666,2.268,3.214μg·g-1Cr未检出,方法回收率(n=9)在97.23%-102.43%之间,RSD(n=9)在0.47%-2.14%之间.该法快速,简单,准确度和精密度均较高,能达到分析要求.     

ICP-AES测定基体沉淀分离后的硫酸铜中10种微量元素

研究了应用硫氰酸铵与铜离子加热生成硫氰酸亚铜沉淀而分离出铜基体,用ICP-AES同时测定硫酸铜样品中As、Cd、Co、Cr、Fe、Mg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn的方法.该方法检出限为0.001-0.11μg/mL,加标回收率为88.6%-100.9%,RSD小于2%.本方法快速简便,应用于硫酸铜的测定,结果令人满意.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.