具有二个焦点的二次系统

本文证明了具有二个焦点的二次系统,若其无穷远奇点多于一个,则必在其中一个焦点外围至多有一个极限环,再由作者以前的文章得到：二次系统之极限环不可能出现（２ｉ,２ｊ）分布（ｉ,ｊ＝１,２,……）。     

一类二次系统极限环的唯一性与极限环不存在的充分条件

本文通过计算二次系统（１）在唯一奇点ｏ（０,０）的焦点量,证明了（１）最多只有一个极限环;并且给出了（１）不存在极限环的充分条件：（ｉ）当δｌｍ≥０时,（１）无极限环;（ｉ）当δｌｍ＜０,｜δ｜≥ｌｍ时,（１）无极限环     

一类具有二阶细焦点的二次系统

本文证明了一类具有二阶细焦点的二次系统（在其二阶细焦点外围）至多存在一个极限环．     

一类平面五次系统的定性分析

本文研究平面五次系统（１．１），应用［４，５］的最新结果，给出了奇点Ｏ（０，０）为中心的充要条件和焦点量公式，以及（１．１）至多有一个，二个极限环的充分条件．     

二次系统极限环的分布与个数问题

本文证明了若二次系统的有限远奇点多于二个且构成凹四边形或三角形，则当它在发散量符号相反的二个焦点外围同时存在极限环时，必在其中一个焦．点外围有唯一极限环；又若该系统的无穷远奇点多于一个，则当它在二个焦点外围同时存在极限环时，必在其中一个焦点外围有唯一极限环，并在张平光1993年文的基础上得到；若二次系统的有限远奇点多于二个；或无穷远奇．点少于二个，则该系统之扳限环不可能出现(2i，2j)分布，     

具有细鞍点的二次系统

发散量为零的初等奇点,如果它是焦点,称它为细焦点;如果它是鞍点,称它为细鞍点。在二次系统的研究中。在某些场合,细鞍点与细焦点起到类似的作用。例如,具有两个细焦点(细鞍点)或一细焦点一细鞍点的二次系统必无极限环。若存在一个细焦点(细鞍点),则另外的细焦点至多是一阶的。本文进一步研究了具有细鞍点的二次系统,发现了与具有细焦点的二次系统有许多不同的性质。例如。具有细焦点的二次系统,其极限环未必集中分布,而本文证明:具有细鞍点的二次系统若存在极限环,则必集中分布(定理1)。我们还给出了点O外围存在极限环和不存在极     

二次系统(Ⅲ)n=0一阶细焦点外围极限环的惟一性

本文证明二次系统（Ⅲ）n=0方程当其细焦点的一阶细焦点量（w1)和三阶细焦点量（w3)的符号异号时,该细焦点外围至多有一个极限环;当ω1与ω3符号相同时,该细焦点外围可以出现二个极限环,并举出例子。ω     

平面二次系统极限环（1,3）分布的讨论

本文（ａ）对文献［１］中的定理２进行了修正，取消了假设条件Ｖ＿７＞０；（ｂ）对曲线Ｍ（ｓ￣２，ｒ）＝０，Ｊ（ｓ￣２，ｒ）＝０，Ｌ（ｓ￣２，ｒ）＝０，Ｔ（ｓ￣２，ｒ）＝０，ｓ￣２＝ｓ以及ｓ￣２＝ｓ的位置关系进行了讨论，在保证系统（１．１）具有极限环（１，３）分布的情况下，扩大了参数（ｓ，ｒ）的变化范围，并用图示给以清晰说明：（ｃ）讨论了一类具有两个无限远奇点的平面二次系统极限环的（１，３）分布：（ｄ）对系统（１．１）不论它在无限远处出现一个、两个或三个奇点，给出了出现极限环线（１，３）分布的统一处理方法。     

具有细链双曲无穷远鞍点的二次系统

本文得到：具有细链双曲无穷远鞍点和一个细焦点的二次系统至多存在一个极限环,若有细无穷远分界线环S,则其内部不存在极限环,其稳定性与它包围的奇点的稳定性相反．     

关于平面二次系统的极限环

本文对只有两个焦点和一个无限远鞍点的二次系统,用全局分析的方法得出极限环大范围存在的二组新型条件.在此基础上,联合Баутин,秦元勋扰动细焦点产生极限环的方法,在参数空间中找到一个十二维和一个十一维的流形,使对应的二次系统至少有四个极限环.顺便指出:Баутин算错了V₇的符号,它直接影响一个极限环的存在性.     

Limit cycles for a perturbation of a quadratic center with symmetry

To estimate the number of limit cycles appearing under a perturbation of a quadratic system that has a center with symmetry, we use the method of generalized Dulac functions. To this end, we reduce the perturbed system to a Liénard system with a small parameter, for which we construct a Dulac function depending on the parameter. This permits one to estimate the number of limit cycles in the perturbed system for all sufficiently small parameter values. We find the Dulac function by solving a linear programming problem. The suggested method is used to analyze four specific perturbed systems that globally have exactly three limit cycles [i.e., the limit cycle distribution 3 or (3, 0)] and two systems that have the limit cycle distribution (3, 1) (i.e., one nest around each of the two foci).     

Quadratic systems with a weak focus and a strong focus

It is proved that the quadratic system with a weak focus and a strong focus has a unique limit cycle around one of the two foci, if there exists simultaneously limit cycles around each of the two foci for the system.     

UNIQUENESS AND DISTRIBUTION OF LIMIT CYCLES FOR BOUNDED QUADRATIC SYSTEM

1 IntroductionAs we know, any given quadratic system which may have limit cycle (LC,fOr abbreviation) can be written in the fOllowing fOrm (see [1] 512)where 6, l, m, n, a, 6 are all real parameters.If all trajectories of a quadratic system remain bounded fOr t 2 0, we saythat the system is bounded, and fOr abbreviation denote by BQS in this paper.The research work for BQS begin with Dickson-Perko [3]. And then, in [4],they made use of the conclusions of [51 to give a detailed classifica…     

ON THE RELATIVE POSITION OF LIMIT CYCLES OF A REAL QUADRATIC DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM

The followunh results are proved in this paper1)If a real quadratic differential system has two strong foci,then around them therecannot appear(2n,2m)distribution of non-semi-stable limit cycles,where n and m arenatural numbers.2)If a real quadratic differential system has two strong foci of different stability,then around them there cannot appear(2n,2m)distribution of non-semi-stable limitcycles,where n and m are natural numbers.     

Limit cycles under perturbations of a quadratic Hamiltonian system

The perturbed quadratic Hamiltonian system is reduced to a Lienard system with a small parameter for which a Dulac function depending on it is constructed. This permits one to estimate the number of limit cycles of the perturbed system for all sufficiently small parameter values. To find the Dulac function, we use the solution of a linear programming problem. The suggested method is used for studying three specific perturbed systems that have exactly two limit cycles, i.e., the distribution 2 or (0, 2), and one system with distribution (1, 1).     

二次系统极限环的相对位置与个数

<正> 中的P_2(x,y)与Q_2(x,y)为x,y的二次多项式.文[1].曾指出,系统(1)最多有三个指标为+1的奇点,且极限环只可能在两个指标为+1的奇点附近同时出现.如果方程(1)的极限环只可能分布在一个奇点外围,我们就说此系统的极限环是集中分布的.本文主要研究具非粗焦点的方程(1)的极限环的集中分布问题,和极限环的最多个数问题.文[2]-[5]曾证明,当方程(1)有非粗焦点与直线解或有两个非粗焦点或有非粗焦点与具特征根模相等的鞍点时。方程(1)无极限环.本文给出方程(1)具非粗焦点时,极限环集     

Liouvillian and analytic integrability of the quadratic vector fields having an invariant ellipse

We characterize the Liouvillian and analytic integrability of the quadratic polynomial vector fields in R2 having an invariant ellipse.More precisely,a quadratic system having an invariant ellipse can be written into the form x=x2＋y2-1＋y（ax＋by＋c）,y=x（ax＋by＋c）,and the ellipse becomes x2＋y2=1.We prove that（i） this quadratic system is analytic integrable if and only if a=0;（ii） if x2＋y2=1 is a periodic orbit,then this quadratic system is Liouvillian integrable if and only if x2＋y2=1 is not a limit cycle;and（iii） if x2＋y2=1 is not a periodic orbit,then this quadratic system is Liouvilian integrable if and only if a=0.     

具有一个细焦点和一个粗焦点的二次系统极限环的个数

Abstract. It is proved that the quadratic system with a weak focus and a strong focus has atmost one limit cycle around the strong focus, and as the weak focus is a 2nd -order (or 3rd-order ) weak focus the quadratic system has at most two (one) limit cycles which have (1,1)-distribution ((0,1)-distribution).     

BIFURCATION THEORY OF QUADRATIC DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS

This paper deals with the number of limit cycles and bifurcation problem of quadratic differential systems. Under conditions $a<0,b+2l>0,l+1<0$, the author draws three bifurcation diagrams of the system (1.18) below in the (\delta,m) plane, which show that the maximum number of limit cycles around a focus is two in this case.