STUDIES ON BIO-ANTIOXIDANTS (Ⅴ)——INHIBITION OF AUTOXIDATION OF LINOLEIC ACID BY VITAMIN E, VITAMIN C AND LIPOPHILIC VITAMIN C DERIVATIVES IN MICELLES

The antioxidation activity of vitamin E, vitamin C and lipophilic derivatives of vitaminC, i.e. ascorbyl--6-caprylate, 6-laurate and 6-palmitate, on the autoxidation of linoleic acidwere studied in SDS, Triton X-100 and CTAB micelles. The effect of the lipophilicity ofthe antioxidants and micellar effects on the antioxidation activity are discussed.     

STUDIES ON BIO-ANTIOXIDANTS——MICELLAR EFFECTS ON THE REDUCTION OF NITROXIDES BY VITAMIN C

The kinetics of reduction of nitroxides including 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, 4-methoxy-TEMPOand 4-hexanoyloxy-TEMPO, which are of different lipophilicities, by vitamin C in cationic,non-ionic and anionic micelles, i. e. CTAB, Triton X-100 and SDS, respectively, have beenstudied by ESR spectroscopy by a stopped-flow technique. A mechanism for the reactionconducted in micelles is proposed and the rate constants for the elementary reactions areevaluated. It is found that the rates of single electron transfer reactions involving the ni-troxides are dependent on the nature of the micelle and the lipophilicity of the nitroxide.The rates are increased in CTAB, decreased in SDS, whereas unaffected in Triton X-100.And the greater the lipophilicity of the nitroxide, the more pronounced the rate variation.As high as a 3600-fold increase in the rate was observed for 4-hexanoyloxy-TEMPO in CTABover that in SDS. The micellar effects are rationalized on the basis of analysis of parame-ters and line shape of the ESR spectra for     

CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF THE MICELLAR PHASE OF SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

ＣＹＣＬＩＣＶＯＬＴＡＭＭＥＴＲＩＣＩＮＶＥＳＴＩＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＭＩＣＥＬＬＡＲＰＨＡＳＥＯＦＳＯＤＩＵＭＤＯＤＥＣＹＬＳＵＬＦＡＴＥＩＮＡＱＵＥＯＵＳＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＳ￥ＣｈｕｎＳｈｅｎｇＭＯ；ＺｈｅｎＺｈｏｎｇＨＵＡＮＧ；ＭｉｎｇＨｕａＺ...     

MICELLAR CATALYSIS-THE KINETICS OF Ni(Ⅱ)AND PYRIDYLAZO DYES COMPLEX FORMATION IN THE PRESENCE OF SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE MICELLES

By means of the Stopped—Flow Spectrophotometry,the kinetics of the reactions betweennickel(Ⅱ)and the ligand 5—bromopyridylazo diethylaminophenol(5-BrPADAP)and 3,5—dibromopyridylazo diethylaminophenol(3,5—2BrPADAP)have been investigated in themicellar solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS).The reaction rate(compared with thatmeasured in aqueous solution for the same Ni~(2+)concentration)was enhanced up to a factorof 400.Kinetic analysis indicates that the rate enhancement can be explained in terms of theconcentration effect of the micelles on the rcactants(i.e.partitioning coefficient effects).Aquantitative expression for the rate enhancement is derived,using the psudo—phase modeland Berezin’s original micellar-catalysis coneepts.The influenccs of hydrophobic character-istics of ligands on the micellar-catalysis effect have been studied also.     

STUDIES ON DERIVATIVE FLUORIMETRY Ⅲ. DETERMINATION OF TRACE AMOUNT OF TERBIUM IN THE PRESENCE OF SODIUM DODECYL SULFONATE

The derivative fluorimetric characteristics of Tb—SDS and Tb—SDS—phenanthroline systems have been studied. The optimum conditions were obtained. The 2nd—derivative spectrofluorimetric method in the systems has been applied to the determination of trace amounts of terbium, in rare earth ore and their oxides. The results are satisfactory.     

NMR STUDIES ON THE HYDRATION OF IONS IN MICROEMULSION——THE NAPHTHENIC ACID SOAP-ALCOHOL-KEROSINE-WATER MICROEMULSION SYSTEM

The difference △δ between the proton shift of water of hydrauon of metar ions δ(H_2O(M~4))and that of pure liquid water δ_(H_2O(1)) so far observed is very small, only about ± 0.1 ppm,because the ratio of metal ions to H_2O molecules M~ /H_2O cannot exceed 0.36 even in veryconcentrated aqueous solutions. In the present investigation, we study the hydration of metalions in microemulsions and propose a novel method to vary M~ /H_2O ratio from 100:1 to1:100. Under such conditions, we have obtained the limits of δ(H_2O(M~ )) for various cations asfollows: 7.54 ppm (NH_4~ ), 7.08(Li~ ), 6.22(Na~ ), 6.00(K~ ), while δ(H_2O(1)) = 4.80 ppm, sothat the largest △δ observed amounts to 2.74 ppm, thus rendering NMR method an effectivemeans to study the hydration of metal ions.     

IMFLUEHCE OF EDTA ON THE VOLTAMMETRIC RESPONSES OF IRONAND THE PITTING EFFECT OF CI－IOH IN BEUTRAL SODIUM SULFATE SOLUTION

ＩＭＦＬＵＥＨＣＥＯＦＥＤＴＡＯＮＴＨＥＶＯＬＴＡＭＭＥＴＲＩＣＲＥＳＰＯＮＳＥＳＯＦＩＲＯＮＡＮＤＴＨＥＰＩＴＴＩＮＧＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＣＩ－ＩＯＨＩＮＢＥＵＴＲＡＬＳＯＤＩＵＭＳＵＬＦＡＴＥＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＱｉａｎｇＳＨＥＨ；ＳｈｅｎＨａｏＣＨＥＮ...     

THE STUDIES ON CHELATING FIBER—THE STUDIES ON THE AMIDOXIMATION OF POLYACRYLONITRILE FIBER

The amidoximation process of commercial polyacrylonitrile fiber was studied. The results showed that it is possible to prepare a chelating fiber, which present high adsorption capability to Au^3+ and reasonable mechanical property,by the amidoximation of PAN fiber,with the increase of reaction time or agent concentration,the coversion of CN group in PAN increases rapidly at first and then increases slowly.When the reaction temperature is higher than that at which the paracrystalline region in the fiber is destroyed, the conversion of CN group increases greatly,but the mechanical property of the fiber begins to be inferior.     

STUDIES ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HONEY-BEE SPIROPLASMA IN CHINA

Spiroplasma has been successfully isolated from the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and cultivated in R-2 medium in China. The isolate, CH-1 is obtained through triple cloning. CH-1 shows a helical morphology and a contractile movement. It is 0.17 μm in diameter and its length varies considerably with different growth periods. CH-1 forms granular-type and/or fried-egg-shaped colonies, 75—210 μm in diameter, on R-2 medium. It grows normally at temperatures ranging 25—35℃ (the optimum being 28—32℃). The optimal pH for growth is 7.0. The best growth occurs in medium containing 0.25 mol/L of sucrose. Under the optimal condition, its growth reaches the stationary phase 48 h after subculture. CH-1 cannot grow in serum-free medium and its growth is inhibited by digitonin. CH-1 can metabolize glucose, fructose, maltose, and trehalose. It can dehydrate arginine, CH-1 does not have an ability to utilize urea, nor dehydrate gelatin, nor reduce methylence blue. The taxonomic position of CH-1 has also been discuss     

STUDIES ON THE ANIONIC SPECIES OF SODIUM ALUMINATE SOLUTIONS OF LOW CAUSTIC RATIOS

ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＡＮＩＯＮＩＣＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＳＯＤＩＵＭＡＬＵＭＩＮＡＴＥＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＬＯＷＣＡＵＳＴＩＣＲＡＴＩＯＳ￥ＹｉＬｉｎＣＡＯ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，ＨｅｎａｎＮｏｒｍａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｘ...     

STUDIES ON THE ORIGIN OF B CHROMOSOMES IN RYE

The morphological structure, classification and meiotic behaviour as well as the possible origin of the extra centric fragment produced after intercellular chromatin migration (cytomixis) in pollen mother cells during synizesis in rye have been studied by the squash and Giemsa·C-banding techniques. The results showed that the structures of extra centric fragments are metacentric, submetacentric, telocentric or subtelocentric, being quite different from each other. Their originations are stochastic, because any chromosome can be formed by the fragment. The meiotic behaviour of extra centric fragments is identical with that of B chromosomes. We consider that extra centric fragments are B chromosomes. The fragments originated from the fragmentation of A chromosomes at synizesis during cytomixis. Thus we consider that cytomixis could be one of the origins of B chromosomes.     

THE EFFECT OF ACID TREATMENT ON THE STABILITY OF POLYMORPHS IN BETA ZEOLITE

ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＣＩＤＴＲＥＡＴＭＥＮＴＯＮＴＨＥＳＴＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＯＦＰＯＬＹＭＯＲＰＨＳＩＮＢＥＴＡＺＥＯＬＩＴＥ￥ＪｉａｎＰｉｎｇＳＨＥＮ；ＪｕｎＭＡ；ＪｕｎＧＵＯ；ＤａＺｈｅｎＪＩＮＡＧａｎｄＥｎＺｅＭＩＮ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣ...     

STUDIES ON THE PHLOEM OF EUCOMMIA ULMOIDES IN VITRO

Inside the peeled bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. the immature secondary phloemwhich included ray cells and other living cells of the phloem, under cultures for vitro, coulddevelop callus from which it further differentiated discontinuously into meristematic zoneor formed some tracheids directly. Later on clusters of tracheid-like elements appeared.The callus coming from the phloem of male trees also differentiated into the primordia ofadventitious buds and roots. However, no sieve cell-like elements were developed in thephloem callus after culture in vitro.     

STUDIES ON THE SORPTION OF MACROPOROUS PHOSPHONIC ACID RESIN FOR LANTHANUM

Thesynthesischaracterizationsorptionbehaviorandmechanismofchelateresinfornoblemetalions[1,2]andlanthanum[3]havebeenpublishedbytheauthorandhiscoworkers.Macroporousphosphonicacidresin(PAR)containsafunctionalgroup[-PO(OH),],whichpossessnotonlyprotonthatcanexchangewithcanon,butalsoanoxygenatomoffunctionalgroupthatcancoordinatedirectlywithmetal.Inrecentyears,muchresearchhasbeenmadeonusingPAR[4-7].adsorbingcertainmetalions.Inthispaper,thesorptionpropertiesofPARforLa(III)wereinvestigated.Aloto…     

STUDIES ON THE ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF NON-ELECTROLYES IN AQUEOUS SALT SOLUTIONS Ⅲ. THR EFFECTS OF SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS ON THE SOLUBILITIES OF CAPROIC ACID IN WATER

The solubilities of caproic acid in aqueous solutions of sodium salts of fivefatty acids (C_1 to C_5) have been measured at 25℃. All these salts increase thesolubilities of caproic acid. The reason for salting-in is due to partial displacement of the salt by thecaproic acid producing a new acid. But the new acid may distribute itself betweenthe aqueous salt, solution phase and the caproic acid phase thus rendering the actualsolubilities less than the calculated values.     

MICELLIZATION STUDIES OF DODECYL BENZENESULFONIC ACID AND ITS INTERACTION WITH POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE

Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) surfactant was used in the present study to find the effect of concentration on its electrical conductance in solution from 293-323K above and below the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The micellization parameters i.e. degree of counter ion binding (β), aggregation number (n) and number of counter ion micelle(m) were measured. The interaction of DBSA with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was also studied at 293K throughconductance and surface tension measure ments. A number of important parameters i.e. critical aggregation concentration (CAC), Gibb‘s free energy (△G) and binding ratio (R) were determined and the effect of NaCl on the CAC and polymer saturation point (PSP) was also investigated.     

STUDIES ON THE CONSTITUENT OF THE ACTIVE COPPER CATALYSIA IN CYCLOPROPANATION REACTIONS

ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＣＯＮＳＴＩＴＵＥＮＴＯＦＴＨＥＡＣＴＩＶＥＣＯＰＰＥＲＣＡＴＡＬＹＳＩＡＩＮＣＹＣＬＯＰＲＯＰＡＮＡＴＩＯＮＲＥＡＣＴＩＯＮＳ￥ＥｒＬｅＺＡＮＧ；ＰｉｎｇＬＩ；ＢｉｎｇＦａｎｇＨＵ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｐｐｌｉｅｄＣｈ...     

STUDIES ON THE SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF AMINO ACID ESTER DERIVATIVES OF BENZISOSELENAZOLONE

This paper reports a simple method for the synthesis of amino acid ester derivatives of benzisoselenazolone.Their anticancer activity is also given.These pharmaeological effeetshave been attributed to glutathione per     

STUDIES ON THE SYNTHESIS OF ISOSARCOPHYTOL-A

A precursor 9 of isosarcophytol-A(1)was prepared from(■)-farnesol(3)through 6 steps.Isosarcophytol-A(1),a cembrane-type diterpenoid,was first isolated fromustralian soft coral(Nephthea brassica)in 1982,and its structure was estab-shed as(1,3,7,11-all ■,13■)-cembra-1,3,7,11-tetraen-13-ol,an isomer ofarcophytol-A■.As far as we know,its bioactivity and synthesis have noteen reported yet.     

STUDIES ON THE SYNTHESES OF FAVELINES

ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＥＳＯＦＦＡＶＥＬＩＮＥＳＧａｎｇＬＩＮ；ＸｕｅＣｈａｏＷＡＮＧａｎｄＸｉｎＦｕＰＡＮ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，ＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＬａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｏｆＡｐｐｌｉｅｄＯｒｇａｎｉｃＣｈｅｍｉｓ...