Ambiguity-function-based techniques to estimate DOA of broadband chirp signals

Various methods are available to perform direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for random sources. However, the work on DOA estimation of deterministic sources, such as broadband chirp signals, is quite limited. This paper proposes two novel methods for broadband chirp DOA estimation (BCD), namely the incoherent broadband chirp DOA estimation (BCD-I) and coherent broadband chirp DOA estimation (BCD-C). The proposed methods exploit the time-frequency structure of the chirp signal via the ambiguity function, which converts the absolute time and frequency of the chirp signal into relative time lag and frequency difference. The algorithms can be applied to arrays of any aperture size and arbitrary chirp rate signals. The signal frequency of the source can be higher than the conventional array design frequency, and the number of sources can be greater than the number of sensors as long as the signals are separable in the ambiguity function plane. These methods can be applied to single or multiple chirps with the same or different chirp rates. The performance analysis shows that our algorithms generally provide improvements in the DOA estimation of the broadband chirp sources.     

一种新的宽带信号DOA估计算法

本文针对均匀线性阵列,在正交投影子空间(TOPS)算法的基础上,提出了一种新的宽带非相关和相干信号的DOA估计算法。首先,利用TOPS算法直接估计出宽带非相关信号的DOA;其次,在各个频率点,使用空间差分技术消除非相关信号和噪声的分量,并构造新矩阵;最后,对新矩阵进行空间平滑操作,再利用TOPS算法估计出宽带相干信号的DOA。由于分开估计宽带非相关信号和相干信号的DOA,算法适用于信号个数多于阵元个数的场合。计算机仿真结果证明了算法的有效性。     

均匀圆阵下的宽带信号DOA估计算法

为了解决传统宽带信号DOA估计在全频段作谱峰搜索所得空间谱分辨率较低和计算量非常大的问题,新算法采用FFT变换,仅仅通过采用选取的部分频带数据进行基于子空间的空间谱估计,不仅可以提高宽带信号DOA估计的分辨率,同时减少了运算量。文章介绍了算法实现过程,并对算法计算量进行了定量分析,分辨率和误差性能则通过仿真进行比较分析。另外,算法以均匀圆阵为模型,相对于线阵结构,使所得结论更加具有实用性。     

混合信源背景下的DOA估计分步改进算法

信号在传输过程中会产生多径和电磁干扰,到达天线阵列后会同时存在非相干和相干信源,针对这种情况,文中提出了一种分步估计到达角的改进算法。该算法首先利用MUSIC算法估计非相干信源的到达角,然后在信号协方差矩阵中分离出相干信源的协方差矩阵,只对相干信源进行空间平滑估计出相干信源到达角。相比传统空间平滑算法,该算法在保持良好到达角分辨力的同时,减小了对天线阵列数的要求,在低信噪比时拥有更精确的估计能力。     

Coherent wide-band signals DOA estimation by the new CTOPS algorithm

Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing - Direction of arrival estimation is one of the most important issues in array signals processing. In this paper, a new method is presented for...     

一种非平稳信号的DOA估计方法

利用空时频分布（STFD）矩阵估计非平稳信号DOA的关键是选择合适的时频点。用白化后的接收信号矢量构造STFD矩阵,利用该矩阵迹构造判决量来选择时频图的自项,将选择的自项的STFD矩阵平均,然后运用MUSIC算法来估计DOA。仿真证明：本文的方法可以很清晰的选出非平稳信号的自项．运用该自项点的平均STFD矩阵估计的信号DOA更准确。     

Improved spatial smoothing techniques for DOA estimation ofcoherent signals

In the context of coherent signal classification, spatial smoothing is necessary for the application of the eigen-based direction of arrival (DOA) estimation methods. However, the currently known spatial smoothing algorithms not only reduce the effective aperture of the array, but also do not consider the cross correlations of the subarray outputs. An improved spatial smoothing algorithm which can fully utilize the correlations of the array outputs and produce a more stable estimate of the covariance matrix is presented. Simulation results are provided to verify the theoretical prediction. The superiority of this method over the conventional methods is obvious, especially when the SOSR (subarray to overall size ratio) is small     

Asymptotically minimum variance second-order estimation for noncircular signals with application to DOA estimation

This paper addresses asymptotically minimum variance (AMV) algorithms within the class of algorithms based on second-order statistics for estimating direction-of-arrival (DOA) parameters of possibly spatially correlated (even coherent) narrowband noncircular sources impinging on arbitrary array structures. To reduce the computational complexity due to the nonlinear minimization required by the matching approach, the covariance matching estimation technique (COMET) is included in the algorithm. Numerical examples illustrate the performance of the AMV algorithm.     

基于粒子滤波技术的抗多径测向方法

针对空间相干信号源的测向困难问题,提出了一种基于"粒子"滤波的处理方法,从概率角度进行相干波的DOA估计,用后验权值内插法避开再采样枯竭困扰,改善了滤波性能.只需极少的几次快拍完成对瞬间相干信号的测向,仿真表明该方法是可行的.     

Two-dimensional DOA estimation of coherent signals using acoustic vector sensor array

In this paper, we present two new methods for estimating two-dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) of narrowband coherent (or highly correlated) signals using an L-shaped array of acoustic vector sensors. We decorrelate the coherency of the signals and reconstruct the signal subspace using cross-correlation matrix, and then the ESPRIT and propagator methods are applied to estimate the azimuth and elevation angles. The ESPRIT technique is based on the shift invariance property of array geometry and the propagator method is based on partitioning of the cross-correlation matrix. The propagator method is computationally efficient and requires only linear operations. Moreover, it does not require any eigendecomposition or singular-value decomposition as for the ESPRIT method. These two techniques are direct methods which do not require any 2-D iterative search for estimating the azimuth and the elevation angles. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methods.     

线性调频信号2-D到达角估计的虚拟阵元法

通过原始数据的共轭重排构造了虚拟阵列,利用实际阵列与虚拟阵列的互Wigner-Ville分布建立了新的空间时频分布,并给出了基于子空间投影和L-阵列的线性调频信号2-D到达角估计算法。理论分析和仿真实验证明了算法的有效性。     

基于Burg叠代的多径信号DOA估计算法

讨论了移动通信环境中的信号多径DOA估计问题，首先对典型算法作了简要回顾，然后给出了阵接收多径信号模型，给出了基于Burg算法的多径DOA估计算法原理，指出了该方法的特点，最后给出了计算机仿真实验结果。     

Direction-of-arrival estimation of broadband microwave signals in phased-array antennas using photonic techniques

A photonic technique for detecting the angle of arrival of broadband microwave signals in phased-array antennas is proposed. Using a photonic microwave filter and measuring the frequency of the notches created by the filter over the broadband signal, it is possible to derive its direction of arrival, even in the presence of several sources. The technique is intended to be used in optical-beamforming networks for phased array antennas. The architecture of the optical-beamforming network will be barely modified adding just a few additional components. Experiments showing the feasibility of the technique are provided.     

2-D DOA estimation in case of unknown mutual coupling for multipath signals

In this paper, two dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problem in case of unknown mutual coupling and multipath signals is investigated for antenna arrays. A new technique is proposed which uses a special array structure consisting of parallel uniform linear array (PULA). PULA structure is complemented with auxiliary antennas in order to have a structured mutual coupling matrix (MCM). MCM has a symmetric banded Toeplitz structure which allows the application of the ESPRIT algorithm for 2-D paired DOA estimation. The advantage of the PULA structure is exploited by dividing it into overlapping linear sub-arrays (triplets) and spatial smoothing is employed to mitigate multipath signals. Closed form expressions are presented for search-free, paired and unambiguous 2-D DOA estimation. Two algorithms PULA-1 and PULA-2 are proposed to effectively solve the problem. Several simulations are done and the accuracy of the proposed solution is shown.     

修正MUSIC算法对相关信号源的DOA估计性能

本文介绍了用修正ＭＵＳＩＣ算法提高相关信号源ＤＯＡ估计性能的方法。理论分析表明,采用该方法后,可将相关信号源的相关系数平均降低为原来的６３％,因而可改善ＭＵＳＩＣ算法对相关信号源的ＤＯＡ估计性能。且该方法不影响对非相关信号源ＤＯＡ的估计,计算量也无明显增加。计算机仿真实验结果验证了上述理论分析的正确性。     

基于MUSIC算法的相干信号DOA估计改进及应用

空间信号的到达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计近些年来越来越多地得到大量的关注和研究.在实际工程中进行信源信号DOA估计时,由于空间环境的复杂多变,雷达阵列接收的信号包含大量的相干信号.在空间谱估计中,经常会因相干信源信号的存在导致目标定位不精确或无法定位的问题.在面对相干信号时,MUSIC算法等子空间类算法已经无法满足空间谱估计的性能.因此,本文提出了一种改进的MUSIC算法能够较好的解决该问题.     

智能天线系统中上行多用户相干信号的分离与DOA估计方法研究

本文研究了平主道中的窨特征估计问题。提出了一种工于循环累量的多用户空间牲针该算法用于智能天线中的ＳＤＭＡ实现。该算法构造了循环累量域四,通过对空间特征循环矩阵的特征分解可以得到用户信号的空间特征估计。并以此为基础,设计了用于上行多波束成形的窨滤波器组实现了上行多用户信号的分离,利用空间滤波器的空间频率响应确定共信道多用户信号的ＤＯＡ《     

DOA estimation in the asynchronous DS-CDMA system

It was previously shown that the number of array elements must exceed the number of sources for subspace-based directional-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. This is clearly not practical for a direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) wireless system since the number of mobile users is very large. To overcome the restriction, a DOA's estimator employing the code-matched filters and parallel MUSIC algorithms is proposed. In the asynchronous DS-CDMA system, we show that the multiple access interference (MAI) throughout the code-matched filter tends toward the real Gaussian distribution with zero mean. In addition, based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) of a finite amount of data, we achieve a theoretical expression for the mean-squared error (MSE) of the DOA's estimation. With the advantage of code-matched filter inherent in the DS-CDMA system, we prove that the proposed technique can obtain an unbiased DOA estimation with low MSE, even in the environment where the number of mobile users far exceeds the number of array elements. Simulation results verify the theoretical derivation.     

Design of broadband beamformers robust against gain and phase errors in the microphone array characteristics

Fixed broadband beamformers using small-size microphone arrays are known to be highly sensitive to errors in the microphone array characteristics. The paper describes two design procedures for designing broadband beamformers with an arbitrary spatial directivity pattern, which are robust against gain and phase errors in the microphone array characteristics. The first design procedure optimizes the mean performance of the broadband beamformer and requires knowledge of the gain and the phase probability density functions, whereas the second design procedure optimizes the worst-case performance by using a minimax criterion. Simulations with a small-size microphone array show the performance improvement that can be obtained by using a robust broadband beamformer design procedure.     

MIMO雷达多目标DOA估计

DOA估计是雷达参数估计方面理论研究的一个重要内容,其主要目的是确定各个信号到达阵列参考阵元的方向角。MIMO雷达可以有效提高DOA估计分辨力和精度得到了广泛的关注,但是MIMO雷达DOA估计算法却比较复杂。因此对MIMO雷达DOA估计的几种主要算法进行了深入系统的研究,通过计算机仿真分析比较了各种不同算法的特点,得到了各种算法的优缺点和局限性,从而为正确分析和处理MIMO雷达回波信号提供依据。