致冷镜相变材料的实验研究及应用分析

研发了一种用于相变致冷的高热导率、固液转换时体积变化率小以及膨胀系数与Si基底接近的镓基相变合金材料;在实验室里模拟实际工况,对镓基相变合金材料试件进行了实验测试,确定某一组分编号可基本满足实际使用需求的镓基相变合金材料。按照实际应用条件对在强激光条件下填充在硅镜内部的该相变材料的应用效果进行了有限元的仿真计算, 结果表明：在初始温度为298 K的真空绝热环境中,热流密度为0.198 4 W/mm2,采用该镓基相变合金材料能够将镜面温度控制在313 K,抑制了镜面的热畸变。     

相变致冷镜的有限元结构优化

 镜体的结构决定了相变致冷镜抑制腔镜在高能激光辐照下的热变形的效果。比较不同结构形式的相变致冷镜镜面热变形的有限元软件计算结果，并通过一阶非线性优化方法，得到较优的放射状结构：硅基基体外径80mm，厚度12.5mm，光斑直径40mm,吸收功率密度为79.58kW/m²，当其最优沟槽深度为99mm，宽度为0.4mm时，光照10s时镜面热变形达到最小值0.37μm。     

相变制冷复合镜研究

提出一种新的复合式腔镜结构,利用硅镜(钼镜)和铜镜的优点,避免它们的缺点,可以有效地减小热畸变.对钼、铜复合镜作了与硅镜的对比实验.实验结果表明钼、铜复合镜的热畸变比硅镜的约小一半.     

相变制冷复合镜研究

提出一种新的复合式腔镜结构,利用硅镜(钼镜)和铜镜的优点,避免它们的缺点,可以有效地减小热畸变.对钼、铜复合镜作了与硅镜的对比实验.实验结果表明钼、铜复合镜的热畸变比硅镜的约小一半.     

相变制冷复合镜研究

提出一种新的复合式腔镜结构,利用硅镜（钼镜）和铜镜的优点,避免它们的缺点,可以有效地减小热畸变。对钼、铜复合镜作了与硅镜的对比实验。实验结果表明钼、铜复合镜的热畸变比硅镜的约小一半。     

相变制冷复合镜研究

 提出一种新的复合式腔镜结构,利用硅镜（钼镜）和铜镜的优点,避免它们的缺点,可以有效地减小热畸变。对钼、铜复合镜作了与硅镜的对比实验。实验结果表明钼、铜复合镜的热畸变比硅镜的约小一半。     

低熔点合金相变热控数值模拟与实验研究

本文主要对47合金与58合金两种低熔点合金相变材料的相变热控性能与相变过程传热现象进行研究。首先通过将相变热控实验与数值模拟相结合的方法验证了焓–多孔介质模型与Boussinesq假设的可靠性。之后通过数值模拟的方法对比分析了两种低熔点合金相变材料与熔点相近似的传统有机类相变材料热控性能。结果表明,47和58合金低熔点合金相变材料的控温时间明显更长,较传统有机相变材料热控性能更好。另外,自然对流对低熔点合金相变热控装置的温度分布及固液相界面几乎无影响,低熔点合金熔化过程中自然对流效应可忽略。     

复合低温相变蓄冷材料的实验研究

提出自行研制的一种复合低温相变蓄冷材料,通过实验分析了该蓄冷材料的融点、相变潜热和凝固融化过程曲线.该材料由有机物和无机物混合而成,用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)来测定该蓄冷材料的融点、相变潜热;用低温冰箱测试凝固融化过程材料的均匀稳定性.实验结果表明,该材料具有良好的性能,适用于医药、食品、冰箱及冷库等蓄冷装置中.     

基础实验试题A:相变材料比热容及相变潜热的测量

第9届全国大学生物理实验竞赛基础实验试题A为相变材料比热容及相变潜热的测量,本文介绍了实验任务、试题设计及竞赛结果分析.试题包括系统漏热测量、石蜡比热和相变潜热的测量及误差分析3部分.本题重点考查了学生对比热和相变潜热的基本概念、热传递基本方式、能量守恒定律、牛顿冷却定律、外推法修正漏热等知识和方法的灵活运用能力,物理建模的能力,实验方案设计、热电偶测温仪的使用和实验操作等理论联系实际的能力,以及数据处理和误差分析能力.结合调查问卷反馈的分析表明：选手实验操作相对较好,物理建模相对薄弱.     

热补偿腔镜热变形的研究

采用ANSYS有限元软件,系统模拟了强激光作用下的热补偿全反射硅镜的温度场分布和热变形.详细地研究了不同区域的热补偿和不同的热补偿功率大小对镜面变形峰谷值的影响.结果表明有效的热补偿对镜面变形峰谷值有很大的影响,在非光照区进行热补偿可以大大降低镜体的温度梯度,从而明显减小镜面变形的峰谷值.热补偿腔镜特别适合于机载或车载军用强激光器.     

Dynamics of the phase-change material GeTe across the structural phase transition

Results of inelastic neutron scattering experiments and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations for GeTe – the parent compound of phase-change materials are reported. The inelastic neutron spectra of GeTe powder samples have been determined in the temperature range extending from 300 to 700 K. The phonon peaks undergo thermal shifts resulting from anharmonic effects being weaker for acoustic than optic modes. A small concentration of free charge carries arising from the presence of Ge-vacancies was found not to affect significantly the neutron weighted phonon densities of states of GeTe. The spectral pattern changes qualitatively across the structural phase transition, but the local structure of GeTe remains hardly affected, as confirmed by the analysis of temperature dependence of the pairdistribution function obtained from ab initio molecular dynamics investigations. The present theoretical studies support in a wide extent our experimental observations and also those provided by local probe methods.     

Theoretical analysis of nanosecond crystallization kinetics of phase-change optical recording films

A theoretical investigation of nanosecond crystallization kinetics of the phase-change optical recording films is presented. An extended Kissinger equation for the square-root heating is derived, which properly describes the temperature evolution of the films by nanosecond laser heating. The extended Kissinger equation was used to explain our previous experimental results.     

Design of broadband achromatic metasurface device based on phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5

Based on the phase-change material Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST), achromatic metasurface optical device in the longer-infrared wavelength is designed. With the combination of the linear phase gradient GST nanopillar and the adjustment of the crystalline fraction m value of GST, the polarization insensitive achromic metalenses and beam deflector metasurface within the longer-infrared wavelength 9.5 μm to 13 μm are realized. The design results show that the achromatic metalenses can be focused on the same focal plane within the working waveband. The simulation calculation results show that the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the focusing spot reaches the diffraction limit at each wavelength. In addition, the same method is also used to design a broadband achromatic beam deflector metasurface with the same deflection angle of 19°. The method proposed in this article not only provides new ideas for the design of achromatic metasurfaces, but also provides new possibilities for the integration of optical imaging, optical coding and other related optical systems.     

相变光盘膜系计算和设计

本文提出一种计算相变型光盘膜系光学特性的方法.并以TeSbSe光记录介质为例,讨论了三层膜相变光盘的优化设计.     

Study on heat-storage and release characteristics of multi-cavity-structured phase-change microcapsules

Based on the solutions of apparent heat capacity method for phase-change problems, numerical simulations were performed to study the heat-storage and release processes for the multi-cavity-structured phase-change microcapsules in this paper. Moreover, the influence of the cavity structures of the phase-change microcapsules on the heat-storage and release capacity was analyzed. The results show that the rate of heat-storage and release will be accelerated by increasing the number of cavities in microcapsules, and cavity interlayer is the key factor to enhance the heat transfer.     

Medium-temperature phase-change materials thermal characterization by the T-History method and differential scanning calorimetry

This paper presents a thermal characterization of salt mixtures applying the T-History method (THM) and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. By using water as a standard substance, the original THM was developed to analyze materials with melting points under 100°C. This is the first research that proposes to replace water by glycerin to characterize medium-melting-temperature phase-change materials (PCMs) (140–220°C). Moreover, the DSC technique was used to validate and compare the results obtained with the THM for each mixture. For instance, the system compound of 40% KNO₃–60% NaNO₃ was studied, and the enthalpy of fusion determined by THM and DSC differs by 2.1% between each method. The results given by the two methods for all mixtures showed that both techniques are complementary and present satisfactory agreement with the specialized literature.     

Finite element analysis of nonsynchronous directional couplers

An accurate vector finite element solution of the nonsynchronous directional coupler problem is presented, illustrating coupling lengths and supermodes of the complete structures.     

Finite element analysis of nonsynchronous directional couplers

Abstract

An accurate vector finite element solution of the nonsynchronous directional coupler problem is presented, illustrating coupling lengths and supermodes of the complete structures.     

Nd: YAG激光烧蚀裂解加工技术模拟分析与实验研究

激光裂解技术能够极大改善发动机缸体主轴承座的加工质量并显著提高加工效率. 为探寻Nd:YAG激光烧蚀球墨铸铁材料裂解槽的裂解性能, 本文基于有限元法成功构建了发动机缸体主轴承座激光裂解加工过程仿真模型, 针对QT500-7球墨铸铁主轴承座的裂解参数进行了仿真分析. 研究结果表明: 在影响裂解质量的三个裂解槽几何参数中, 槽深较张角及曲率半径对裂解载荷的影响效应更为明显; 裂解载荷随槽深的增加而迅速降低, 随槽张角和曲率半径的增加而升高; QT500-7球墨铸铁发动机缸体主轴承座激光裂解加工优化参数应为裂解槽深选为0.5 mm, 裂解槽张角选为60^o, 裂解槽半径选为0.2 mm. 有限元模拟分析结果得到了单向拉伸实验结果的验证. 本工作通过ABAQUS仿真模拟及大量裂解载荷试验确立了裂解槽几何形状的优化参数, 为显著降低裂解载荷和优化裂解工艺提供了数值参考, 有利于实现发动机缸体加工的快速发展, 从而促进汽车工业实现绿色制造.