(Z)-a-Selanyl Alkenyl Grignard Reagents as Convenient Precursors for Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes

Many biologically active compounds occurring in nature possess the structural skeleton of trisubstituted alkenes1-3. Difunctional group reagents, which have two different functional groups linked to the olefinic carbon atoms, for example, Se-Zr, Se-B, Se-Sn play important roles in organic synthesis, especially in developing a lot of convenient methods for stereoselective synthesis of substituted alkenes4. Recently, Tingoli et al.5 reported that (Z)-a-selanylvinyl p-toluenesulfonates can u…     

(Z)-α-Selanyl Alkenyl Grignard Reagents as Convenient Precursors for Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes

(Z)-α-Selanyl alkenyl Grignard reagents 2 were prepared conveniently by treatment of (-bromovinylselenides 1 with magnesium filings in THF. Intermediates 2 were reacted with alkyl iodides in the presence of CuI or Pd(PPh3)4 to afford (Z)-1,2-disubstituted vinylselenides 3, which were cross-coupled with Grignard reagents in the presence of (PPh3)2NiCl2 to give trisubstituted alkenes 4 stereoselectively in good yields.     

三氟乙氧基磷酸酯的合成与性能研究

为提高锂离子电池安全性,本文制备了锂离子电池阻燃添加剂-三氟乙氧基磷酸酯(TFP).通过红外(IR)光谱法鉴定了产物结构;讨论了反应时间、反应物浓度比与产率的关系;以及TFP的加入对1mol/LLiPF6EC/EMC/DMC(1:1:1Vol.)电解液的可燃性、分解电压和离子电导率的影响.结果表明:反应时间、反应物浓度比对TFP产率影响较为明显,当催化剂为15mol.%(相对于三氯氧磷),反应时间6h,三氟乙醇与三氯氧磷摩尔比为6:1时,TFP的产率可以达到94.00%;添加TFP对电解液阻燃效果显著,对电解液的分解电压无不利影响,电解液电导率会有所下降,对Li/LiCoO2电池的比容量影响不大.     

（E）-α-Bromovinylselenides as Convenient Precursors for Stereose-lective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes

Based on the different reactivity of selanyl and bromo groups,(E)-α-bromovinylselenides can undergo sequential cross coupling reactions with nucleophiles in the presence of transition metal complexes to form two carbon-carbon bonds in the same olefinic carbon leading to trisubstituted alkenes stereoselectively in good yields.     

General method for the synthesis of 9-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydro-γ-carbolines

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -     

Simple,Efficient, and Green Method for Synthesis of Trisubstituted Electrophilic Alkenes Using Lipase as a Biocatalyst

A simple and efficient Knoevenagel condensation method for the synthesis of trisubstituted electrophilic alkenes was developed using lipase as a biocatalyst. Knoevenagel condensation was performed using the conventional method and using lipases (Aspergillus oryzae or Rhizopus oryzae) as biocatalysts, and reaction time, reaction temperature, yield, and recyclability were compared. Using a lipase as a biocatalyst eliminated the need for bases such as piperidine and pyridine. A wide range of aromatic aldehydes and ketones readily undergo condensation with active methylene compounds. The workup procedure is also very simple, and yields of the reactions are in the range of 75% to 95%. Both the biocatalysts were effectively recycled four times with no major decrease in the yield of product. The remarkable catalytic activity and reusability of lipase widens its applicability in Knoevenagel condensation with good to excellent yields for synthesis of trisubstituted electrophilic alkenes.     

A new bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphonate for the synthesis of Z-unsaturated N-methoxy-N-methylamides

The N-methoxy-N-methyl bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphonamide was easily obtained via the Arbuzov reaction with use of commercially available tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphite, 2-bromo-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, and KF/alumina. The reaction of bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphonate with several aldehydes demonstrates the versatility of the method, which gives Z-unsaturated amides in good yields.     

一种新的离子液体负载的双(三氟乙酰氧基)碘苯试剂的合成

以氯乙酰氯和对碘苯胺为原料,经酰化合成了4-碘-氯乙酰苯胺,接着与1-甲基咪唑反应得到氯化1-甲基-3-(4-碘苯氨基甲酰甲基)咪唑钅翁,随后在水溶液中发生阴离子交换,合成了1-甲基-3-(4-碘苯氨基甲酰甲基)咪唑四氟硼酸盐;四氟硼酸盐在过氧化氢/三氟乙酸酐体系中氧化得到一种新的离子液体负载的双(三氟乙酰氧基)碘苯试剂1-甲基-3-[4-双(三氟乙酰氧基)碘苯氨基甲酰甲基]咪唑四氟硼酸盐。反应总收率62.3%。试剂没有吸湿性,在空气中长期放置不变质。化学结构用IR、1H NMR、13C NMR、19F NMR和元素分析表征。     

Synthesis,spectroscopic and structural studies of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl phosphorodiamidate complexes with tin(IV) chloride

The two octahedral complexes SnCl₄ · 2(O)P(NR₂)₂OCH₂CF₃ (R = Me (1) or Et (2)) have been prepared from SnCl₄ and the ligands (R₂N)₂P(O)OCH₂CF₃ in chloroform solution. Both adducts have been characterised by (³¹P and ¹¹⁹Sn) NMR, IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The NMR data show that the complexes exist as mixtures of cis and trans isomers in solution with the latter isomer being the predominant species. The structure of 1 has been determined by X-ray crystallography. Accordingly, the structure is centrosymmetric and the two ligands are bound trans to each other in the octahedral tin complex. DFT/B3LYP calculations show that trans configuration does indeed lead to the lowest energy species. Comparison of the structural, NMR and theoretical data of both complexes with those related to SnCl₄ · 2L (L = (Me₂N)₃P(O) and (Me₂N)₂P(O)F) further supports the important effects of the nature of the substituents in the ligand on the stereochemistry of the complex formed.     

Synthesis and Stereoisomerization of 2-(1-Alkoxyimino-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-5-trimethylsilylfurans

2-(1-Alkoxyimino-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-5-trimethylsilylfurans were synthesized by the condensation of 2-(trifluoroacetyl)-5-trimethylsilylfuran with alkoxyamines. According to ¹H and ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopic data, the alkoxyimino group in the E-isomers descreens the H-3 and H-4 protons of the furan ring more strongly than in the Z-isomers, shifting their signals downfield. The fluorine atoms of the α-trifluoromethyl group in the Z-isomer are characterized by a downfield shift in relation to the E-isomer. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 834–838, June, 2005.     

A Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of (E,E)-1,5-Dienes

Several representative 1,5-dienes were synthesized, with a high degree of regioselectivity, by a series of nitrone cycloadditions and subsequent deamination of the adducts.     

Di-(R,R)-1-[10-(1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-9-anthryl]-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl muconate: a highly chiral cavity for enantiodiscrimination by NMR

A new chiral molecular tweezer, di-(R,R)-1-[10-(1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-9-anthryl]-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl muconate 2, was synthesized in enantiopure form, and its geometry was studied using NMR and molecular mechanics. The effectiveness of 2 as a chiral solvating agent for determining the enantiomeric composition of chiral compounds using NMR was demonstrated, improving the results obtained with other methods. The stoichiometry and the association constant of the resulting diastereomeric complexes were studied, and their geometry was analyzed by NOE and 1H NMR.     

A Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)-Divinyl Diselenides and (E)-Divinyl Ditellurides

Insertion of elemental selenium or tellurium into the Csp²-Zr bond of alkenylchlorozirconocenes followed by oxidation in air affords (E)-divinyl diselenides or (E)-divinyl ditellurides.     

Synthesis, crystal structure, and luminescent properties of 2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1-indone lanthanide complexes

A new β-diketone, 2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1-indone (TFI), which contains a trifluorinated alkyl group and a rigid indone group, has been designed and employed for the synthesis of two series of new TFI lanthanide complexes with a general formula [Ln(TFI)(3)L] [Ln = Eu, L = (H(2)O)(2) (1), bpy (2), and phen (3); Ln = Sm, L = (H(2)O)(2) (4), bpy (5), and phen (6); bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline]. X-ray crystallographic analysis reveals that complexes 1-6 are mononuclear, with the central Ln(3+) ion eight-coordinated by six oxygen atoms furnished by three TFI ligands and two O/N atoms from ancillary ligand(s). The room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra of complexes 1-6 show strong characteristic emissions of the corresponding Eu(3+) and Sm(3+) ions, and the substitution of the solvent molecules by bidentate nitrogen ligands essentially enhances the luminescence quantum yields and lifetimes of the complexes.     

A Novel Approach to the Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)-1-(1-Alkenyl)Benzotriazoles

The Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination of diethyl-(1-benzotri-azolmethyl)phosphonate by means of aldehydes was found to be a convenient method for the stereoselective preparation of (E)-1-(1-Alkenyl)benzotriazoles.