1-氯-3-硝基-2-丁烯与2-硝基丙烷钠盐的SRN1反应

本文研究了1-氯-3-硝基-2-丁烯与2-硝基丙烷钠盐的SRN1反应, 结果表明这种开链状纯脂肪族烯丙基型化合物发生了不重排的SRN1反应.     

二乙基膦酰乙酸乙酯阴离子参与脂肪族SRN1反应

二乙基膦酰乙酸乙酯阴离子与对硝基苄基衍生物的反应中发生烷基化和烷氧基化.结果表明,离去基团的离去性能降低,SN2烷基化或烷氧基化受抑制,而是有利于SRN 1途径,使烷基化容易发生.在对硝基苄基氯化物与阴离子反应时,得到P,P'-二硝基苯代乙烯,当不存在电子转移抑制剂或只存在间二硝基苯时,二苯代乙烯通过SRN 1机理形成,在对二硝基苯时,以SN 2消除反应机理.     

Photoinitiated Reaction of β-Bromonaphthalene with Pinacolone Ion in DMSO

The radical nucleophilic substitution reaction (SRN1) has been studied widely. The reaction has constituted an important synthetic possibility to achieve substitution of different substrates with different nucleophiles1-3. The main steps of the reaction process are presented in Scheme 1.Scheme 1. Pinacolone enolate ions are widely used as nucleophiles within SRN1reaction 4-6 because it can introduce six carbon atoms into substitution products. In the paper, the photoinitiated reaction of …     

7,7-二氯双环[4,1,0]庚烷与活性亚甲基化合物的反应

报道了7,7-二氯双环[4,1,O]庚烷与某些活性亚甲基化合物阴离子在THF中,经光照得到的产物为单取代物.反应机理涉及SRN1过程.     

薄层色谱扫描法在低含量N-苯基吩噻嗪和N-(α-吡啶基)-吩噻嗪测定中的应用

本文介绍了用薄层色谱扫描测定光诱导SRN 1反应产物N-苯基吩噻嗪和N-(α-吡啶基)-吩噻嗪的方法。采用硅胶薄层线形小孔展开技术和薄层色谱扫描仪,用反射吸收、锯齿扫描、外标一点法定量,结果较满意。     

α-卤代萘与叔己酮碳负离子在Co(Ⅱ)络合物催化下的自由基链式亲核取代反应产物的薄层色谱定量分析

研究了以Co(Ⅱ)络合物为催化剂,α-卤代萘与叔己酮碳负离子的自由基链式亲核取代反应(SRN1)产物α-萘基叔己酮的薄层色谱扫描定量分析方法;定量分析的线性范围为0～4.4μg,平均回收率99%～101%,异板间相对标准偏差为2.3%,同板相对标准偏差为1.6%.     

(Et_4N)_2[Fe_4(SPh)_10] Stimulated S_(RN)1 Reactions of α-Bromonaphth-alene with Pinacolone Carbanion

The studies of the radical chain nucleophilic substitution reaction (SRN1) have been active field in both mechanism and organic synthesis research1-4. The mechanism is a well known process by which a nucleophilic substitution is produced on a non-actived adequated substituted substrate. It is a chain process which involves radicals and radical anions as intermediates. The main steps of this mechanism are sketched in scheme 1. As stimulated methods of initiation step, the photostimulated5-7, …     

α—卤代萘与叔已酮碳负离子在Co（Ⅱ）络合物催化下的自由基链式亲核取代反应产物的薄层色谱定量分析

研究了以Co(Ⅱ）络合物为催化剂，α－卤代萘与叔已酮碳负离子的自由基链式亲核取代反应（SRN1）产物α－萘基叔已酮的薄层色谱扫描定量分析方法；定量分析的弭性范围为0－4．4μg，平均回收率99％－101％，异板间相对标准偏差为2．3％，同板相对标准偏差为1．6％。     

单电子转移反应 I.单电子转移反应引发的碳一氟键异裂——顺-1,2二苯基六氟环丁烷的烷氧基化脱氟取代反应

A novel reaction involving electron transfer and the breakage of a C-F bond has been investigated. In this reactio, 1, 2-diphenylhexafluorocyclobutane(1)reacts with i-PrONa to yield a substitution product 9. The reaction has to be photostimulated, and O2 and p-dinitrobenzene inhibit the reaction. Interestingly and unexpectedly, other alkoxides, viz. MeO-, EtO-, n-PrO- and t-BuO-, do not react with 1. Thus the reaction does not look like a SRN 1. However, the most amazing fact is: only the cis isomer of 1 reacts, whereas the trans isomer does not. Possibly, simultaneous breakage of α-C-H bond (in the i-PrO-) and formation of a (temporary) H-F bond is involved in a very tight transition state of the (caged?) reaction between the radical anion of 1 and the i-PrO.     

人发中20种痕量元素的中子活化分析

探讨了用反应堆中子活化分析（NAA）同时测定人发中20种痕量元素的方法，其中包括部分测试难度较大的镧系、锕系元素；方法的检出限为10^-6～10^-14g，相对标准偏差（RSD，n=11）＜10％，选用美国国家标准局推荐的标准物质（NBS－SRN）进行对照，取得了满意的结果。     

Systematic ratio normalization of gas chromatography signals for biological sample discrimination and biomarker discovery

The present paper introduces a new gas chromatography data processing procedure dubbed systematic ratio normalization (SRN) enabling to improve both sample set discrimination and biomarker identification. SRN consists in (1) calculating, for each sample, all the log-ratios between abundances of chromatography-analyzed compounds, then (2) selecting the log-ratio(s) that best maximize the discrimination between sample-sets. The relevance of SRN was evaluated on two data sets acquired through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry as part of separate studies designed (i) to discriminate source-origins between vegetable oils analyzed via an analytical system exposed to instrument drift (data set 1) and (ii) to discriminate animal feed between meat samples aged for different durations (data set 2). Applying SRN to raw data made it possible to obtain robust discrimination models for the two data sets by enhancing the contribution to the data variance of the factor-of-interest while stabilizing the contribution of the disturbance factor. The most discriminant log-ratios were shown to employ the most relevant biomarkers presenting relative independence of the factor-of-interest as well as co-behavior of the disturbance effects potentially biasing the discrimination, such as instrument drift or sample biochemical changes. SRN can be run a posteriori on any data set, and might be generalizable to most of separating methods.     

溴代二苯酮与丙腈负离子的光诱导加成反应

<正> 芳香卤代物芳环上的卤原子在光诱导或电引发下可通过自由基链式亲核取代反应(S_(RN)|)而被有机负离子所取代。 我们以3-溴苯基-苯基-甲酮为底物,在丙腈碳负离子存在下进行光照,结果芳酮环上的溴原子未发生 S_(RN)|取代,而是在羰基上发生了光诱导加成反应,生成了未见文献报道的新化合物1-苯基-1-(3-溴苯基)-2-氰基丙醇-1(I)     

7，7－二氧双环[4,1,0]庚烷与活性亚甲基化合物的反应

报道了7，7－二氯双环[4,1,0]庚烷与某些活性亚甲基化合物阴离子在THF中， 经光照得到的产物为单取代物。反应机理涉及S_(RN)1过程。     

金属离子与卟啉的嵌入反应动力学研究 4: Cu(II)Tβ-N-EAESPyP^4^+生成反应中的动力学盐效应

在不同离子强度的高氯酸钠水溶液中, 用分光光度法测量自由卟啉H2Ts-n-EAESPyPBr4(简记为H2P^4^+)与Cu(II)离子的配位反应动力学, 探讨高氯酸钠对Cu(II)离子嵌入自由卟啉反应的催化本质。在给定条件下, 高氯酸根与自由卟啉的缔合数n为1; 缔合平衡常数Ko=3.70±0.42dm^3.mol^-^1。配位反应实验动力学方程为d[Cu(II)P^4^+/dt=5.55×10^5γCu^2^+γH2P^4^+γ^8ClO4^-[ClO4^-]^3[Cu^2^+][H2P]总/(1.00+10^2^.^0^2{H^+}+10^4^.^3^6{H^+}^2, 反应的活化能E=53.30kJ.mol^-^1,活化焓变△H≠=50.31kJ.mol^-^1, 活化熵变△S≠=-77.65J.mol^-^1.K^-^1。提出了金属卟啉生成反应中的ClO4^-催化卟啉环变形的反应机理。     

Effect of chain length on radical to carbanion cyclo-coupling of bromoaryl alkyl-linked oxazolines: 1,3-areneotropic migration of oxazolines

2-Halophenylalkyl-2-oxazolines with alkyl chain spacers of two to six C atoms (n = 0-4) were prepared and their SRN1-type reactions with several base systems examined. The best conditions to promote cyclo-coupling to the corresponding benzocycloalkane derivatives involved use of LDA in THF. The precursors with 3-C-atom and 4-C-atom spacers gave good yields of 2-(1'-phenylindan-1'-yl)-2-oxazolines and 2-(1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-2-oxazoline, respectively. The major products from the precursor with a 5-C-atom spacer were derivatives of benzocycloheptane in which the oxazoline group had undergone a novel areneotropic migration from the end of the spacer to the benzo ring. The product from reaction of the corresponding 2-C-atom precursor was a 9-oxazolinophenanthrene derivative. EPR spectroscopy showed the intermediates of the LDA-promoted reactions to be radical anions of the product benzocycloalkanes. This supported an SRN1-type chain mechanism involving initial production of aryl radicals connected to azaenolate ions via the spacer groups. Intramolecular radical to carbanion coupling then generated ring-closed benzocycloalkane radical anions that transferred an electron to more precursor. Diastereoselective radical to carbanion cyclo-coupling reactions were carried out with 2-bromophenylpropyl precursors containing chiral 2-oxazolines. The diastereoselectivity achievable was modest, but the product diastereoisomeric Indane derivatives were easily separable by chromatography.     

胞嘧啶电化学还原的ESR研究

本文采用电化学方法-ESR检测联用装置,研究了胞嘧啶在阴极上还原产生自由基的ESR参数及其结构;同时研究了这一自由基的动力学性质,发现继电化学还原之后的化学反应也能产生自由基;提出并验证了相应的反应机理,求出有关的动力学参数.