Bunch length measurement at Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray source

The length of electron beam from a photocathode RF gun is determined by a spectrometer, according to the relative energy spread induced by the bunch length during the acceleration in a linac. For a photocathode RF gun, different laser injected phase and beam charge are studied. The compression is changed for the different laser phases, as from 10° to 30°, and the bunch length is lengthened due to the strong longitudinal space charge force, caused by the increased charge.     

RF deflecting cavity for bunch length measurement in Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray source

An RF deflecting cavity used for bunch length measurement has been designed and fabricated at Tsinghua University for the Thomson Scattering X-Ray Source.The cavity is a 2856 MHz,π-mode,3-cell standing-wave cavity,to diagnose the 3.5 MeV beam produced by photocathode electron gun.With a larger power source,the same cavity will again be used to measure the accelerated beam with energy of 50 MeV before colliding with the laser pulse.The RF design using MAFIA for both the cavity shape and the power coupler is reviewed,followed by presenting the fabrication procedure and bench measurement results of two cavities.     

RF deflecting cavity design for bunch length measurement of photoinjector at Tsinghua University

RF deflecting cavity can be used for bunch length measurement and is designed to diagnose the beam produced by the photocathode electron gun which was built at Tsinghua University for the Thomson scattering experiment. Detailed discussion and calculation for measuring the 3.5 MeV bunch and another with further acceleration to 50 MeV, which is under development, are presented. A standing-wave deflecting cavity working at 2856 MHz is designed and the power feeding system has been planned.     

RF deflecting cavity design for bunch length measurement of photoinjector at Tsinghua University

RF deflecting cavity can be used for bunch length measurement and is designed to diagnose the beam produced by the photocathode electron gun which was built at Tsinghua University for the Thomson scattering experiment.Detailed discussion and calculation for measuring the 3.5 MeV bunch and another with further acceleration to 50 MeV,which is under development,are presented.A standing-wave deflecting cavity working at 2856 MHz is designed and the power feeding system has been planned.     

TW Laser system for Thomson scattering X-ray light source at Tsinghua University

A TW (Tera Watt) laser system based on Ti:sapphire mainly for the Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray light source (TTX) is being built. Both UV (ultraviolet) laser pulse for driving the photocathode radiofrequency (RF) gun and the IR (infrared) laser pulse as the electron-beam-scattered-light are provided by the system. Efforts have also been made in laser pulse shaping and laser beam transport to optimize the high-brightness electron beam production by the photocathode RF gun.     

TW Laser system for Thomson scattering X-ray light source at Tsinghua University

A TW (Tera Watt) laser system based on Ti:sapphire mainly for the Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray light source (TTX) is being built. Both UV (ultraviolet) laser pulse for driving the photocathode radio-frequency (RF) gun and the IR (infrared) laser pulse as the electron-beam-scattered-light are provided by the system. Efforts have also been made in laser pulse shaping and laser beam transport to optimize the high-brightness electron beam production by the photocathode RF gun.     

Bunch length measurement using a traveling wave RF deflector

RF deflectors can be used for bunch length measurement with high resolution. This paper describes a completed S-band traveling wave RF deflector and the bunch length measurement of the electron beam produced by the photocathode RF gun of the Shanghai DUV-FEL facility. This is the first time that such a transverse RF deflector has been developed and used to measure the bunch length of picosecond order in China. The deflector＇s VSWR is 1.06, the whole attenuation 0.5 dB, and the bandwidth 4.77 MHz for VSWR less than 1.1. With a laser pulse width of 8.5 ps, beam energy of 4.2 MeV, and bunch charge of 0.64 nC, the bunch lengths for different RF input power into the deflector were measured, and an averaged rms bunch length of 5.25 ps was obtained. A YAG crystal is used as a screen downstream of the deflector, with the calibrated value of 1 pix = 136 μm.     

Bunch length measurement using a traveling wave RF deflector

RF deflectors can be used for bunch length measurement with high resolution. This paper describes a completed S-band traveling wave RF deflector and the bunch length measurement of the electron beam produced by the photocathode RF gun of the Shanghai DUV-FEL facility. This is the first time that such a transverse RF deflector has been developed and used to measure the bunch length of picosecond order in China. The deflector's VSWR is 1.06, the whole attenuation 0.5 dB, and the bandwidth 4.77 MHz for VSWR less than 1.1. With a laser pulse width of 8.5 ps, beam energy of 4.2 MeV, and bunch charge of 0.64 nC, the bunch lengths for different RF input power into the deflector were measured, and an averaged rms bunch length of 5.25 ps was obtained. A YAG crystal is used as a screen downstream of the deflector, with the calibrated value of 1 pix = 136 μm.     

RF deflecting cavity for bunch length measurement in Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray source

An RF deflecting cavity used for bunch length measurement has been designed and fabricated at Tsinghua University for the Thomson Scattering X-Ray Source. The cavity is a 2856 MHz, π-mode, 3-cell standing-wave cavity, to diagnose the 3.5 MeV beam produced by photocathode electron gun. With a larger power source, the same cavity will again be used to measure the accelerated beam with energy of 50~MeV before colliding with the laser pulse.     

RF deffecting cavity for bunch length measurement in Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray source

An RF deffecting cavity used for bunch length measurement has been designed and fabricated at Tsinghua University for the Thomson Scattering X-Ray Source. The cavity is a 2856 MHz, π-mode, 3-cell standing-wave cavity, to diagnose the 3.5 MeV beam produced by photocathode electron gun. With a larger power source, the same cavity will again be used to measure the accelerated beam with energy of 50 MeV before colliding with the laser pulse. The RF design using MAFIA for both the cavity shape and the power coupler is reviewed, followed by presenting the fabrication procedure and bench measurement results of two cavities.     

汤姆逊硬X射线源中锁模脉冲激光稳频方法

汤姆逊硬X射线源中,光阴极微波电子枪要求触发激光脉冲与腔中微波场相位的精确时间同步。理论分析了锁模脉冲激光器相位噪声,探讨了对激光脉冲相位探测和控制的方法,并通过实验构建了激光相位抖动测量系统和锁相环稳频回路,用基频鉴相信号驱动压电陶瓷晶体改变谐振腔长,实现了从开环3.42 ps到闭环1.46 ps的均方根相位抖动的测量和控制。     

Generation and measurement of sub-picosecond electron bunch in photocathode rf gun

We consider a scheme to generate a sub-picosecond electron bunch in the photocathode rf gun by im-proving the acceleration gradient in the gun, suitably tuning the bunch charge, the laser spot size and the acceleration phase, and reducing the growth of transverse emittance by laser shaping. A nondestructive technique is also reported to measure the electron bunch length, by measuring the high-frequency spectrum of wakefield radiation which is caused by the passage of a relativistic electron bunch through a channel surrounded by a dielectric.     

Preliminary experiment of the Thomson scattering X-ray source at Tsinghua University

The X-ray source based on Thomson scattering of ultrashort laser pulse with a relativistic electron beam is a means of generating a tunable, narrow bandwidth and ultrashort pulse of hard X-rays. Such a sub-picosecond hard X-ray source is proposed at Tsinghua University, and a preliminary experiment with a 16 MeV Backward Traveling electron linac and a 1.5 J, 6 ns Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is carried out first. A 6 ns pulse X-ray with a peak energy of 4.6 keV and an intensity of 1.7×104 per pulse is generated successfully in the experiment. The experimental setup, result and discussion are reported in this paper.     

汤姆逊硬X射线源中锁模脉冲激光稳频方法

 汤姆逊硬X射线源中,光阴极微波电子枪要求触发激光脉冲与腔中微波场相位的精确时间同步。理论分析了锁模脉冲激光器相位噪声,探讨了对激光脉冲相位探测和控制的方法,并通过实验构建了激光相位抖动测量系统和锁相环稳频回路,用基频鉴相信号驱动压电陶瓷晶体改变谐振腔长,实现了从开环3.42 ps到闭环1.46 ps的均方根相位抖动的测量和控制。     

基于束流位置探测器的束团长度测量

分析了驱动电子束团的频域特性,研究了基于该特性进行长度测量的理论基础;使用三维模拟软件对束流位置探测器(BPM)进行建模,用模拟的方法对传输阻抗进行了数值计算;对不同长度的束团进行了测量和计算,并且分析了束团位置在真空管道中偏移对束团长度测量的影响。由测量结果可见,电子束团长度在10~100 ps(3~30 mm)时,测量误差均小于2%,满足中国工程物理研究院高平均功率自由电子激光太赫兹实验测量的使用要求。     

First experimental research of the bunch compressor at CAEPLI

Magnetic bunch compressor is one of the key technologies on the path to next generation accelerator driven facilities. In this paper we report the design principles and the first experimental research of the bunch compressor developed at Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP). The length of the bunch after compressor is found to be about 0.7 ps (rms) and the peak current exceeds 500 A when operated in the optimized condition. The sensitivity of the bunch length on the phase of the acceleration field and magnetic field of the bunch compressor was also measured and analyzed.     

清华汤姆逊散射X射线源初步实验研究

汤姆逊散射X射线源利用高亮度的相对论电子束与超短TW级激光相互作用,能产生能量可调、脉冲长度短（～100飞秒量级）的准单色高能X射线,在超快物理过程研究和医学领域具有广泛的应用前景。清华大学工程物理系加速器实验室正在积极筹建基于光阴极微波电子枪和飞秒强激光的汤姆逊散射实验平台,并利用实验室现有的16MeV返波行波加速器和Nd:YAG纳秒调Q激光系统进行了初步实验研究。在解决实验中出现的电磁干扰和韧致辐射X射线本底干扰等问题后,在实验中测量到了脉宽为6纳秒、脉冲光子产额为1.7x 10^4 的散射光子信号。在本文中将对实验装置和结果进行详细介绍。     

清华大学汤姆逊散射超短脉冲X射线源研究

 介绍了清华大学加速器实验室近年来关于汤姆逊散射超短X射线源的研究工作;研究了在任意散射角度下电子束参数和激光束参数对散射光子参数的影响,给出了散射光子的参数如光子产额、脉冲长度、时间抖动等与电子束参数、激光束参数和散射角度的关系;利用实验室已有的16 MeV反波行波加速器与中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心提供的ns调Q激光搭建了汤姆逊散射初步实验平台并开展了实验研究;加工了1.6-cell光阴极微波电子枪,搭建了高功率实验平台,对产生的电子束参数进行了初步测量;对汤姆逊散射超短X射线源进行了设计并开展了相关的平台建设工作,对产生的X射线脉冲参数进行了模拟。     

清华大学汤姆逊散射超短脉冲X射线源研究

介绍了清华大学加速器实验室近年来关于汤姆逊散射超短X射线源的研究工作;研究了在任意散射角度下电子束参数和激光束参数对散射光子参数的影响,给出了散射光子的参数如光子产额、脉冲长度、时间抖动等与电子束参数、激光束参数和散射角度的关系;利用实验室已有的16 MeV反波行波加速器与中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心提供的ns调Q激光搭建了汤姆逊散射初步实验平台并开展了实验研究;加工了1.6-cell光阴极微波电子枪,搭建了高功率实验平台,对产生的电子束参数进行了初步测量;对汤姆逊散射超短X射线源进行了设计并开展了相关的平台建设工作,对产生的X射线脉冲参数进行了模拟。     

基于束流位置探测器的束团长度测量

分析了驱动电子束团的频域特性,研究了基于该特性进行长度测量的理论基础;使用三维模拟软件对束流位置探测器(BPM)进行建模,用模拟的方法对传输阻抗进行了数值计算;对不同长度的束团进行了测量和计算,并且分析了束团位置在真空管道中偏移对束团长度测量的影响。由测量结果可见,电子束团长度在10~100 ps(3~30 mm)时,测量误差均小于2%,满足中国工程物理研究院高平均功率自由电子激光太赫兹实验测量的使用要求。