Bernoulli convolutions and an intermediate value theorem for entropies of<Emphasis Type="Italic">K</Emphasis>-partitions

We establish a strong regularity property for the distributions of the random sums Σ±λ ⁿ , known as “infinite Bernoulli convolutions”: For a.e. λ ∃ (1/2, 1) and any fixed ℓ, the conditional distribution of (w _n+1...,w _n+ℓ) given the sum Σ _n=0 ^∞ w _n λ ⁿ , tends to the uniform distribution on {±1}^ℓ asn → ∞. More precise results, where ℓ grows linearly inn, and extensions to other random sums are also obtained. As a corollary, we show that a Bernoulli measure-preserving system of entropyh hasK-partitions of any prescribed conditional entropy in [0,h]. This answers a question of Rokhlin and Sinai from the 1960’s, for the case of Bernoulli systems. The authors were partially supported by NSF grants DMS-9729992 (E. L.), DMS-9803597 (Y. P.) and DMS-0070538 (W. S.).     

Inverse problem for zeros of certain koebe-related functions

If w₁,…,w _N is a finite sequence of nonzero points in the unit disk, then there are distinct points λ₁,…, λ_N on the unit circle and positive numbers Μ₁,…,Μ _N such that is the zero sequence of the function 1 — . The points λ₁,…, λ_N and numbers Μ₁,…,Μ_N are unique (except for reorderings).     

On amenable groups of automorphisms on Von Neumann algebras

LetG ⊂ Aut ℳ be a countable group, ℳ a Von Neumann algebra. LetE be a set of pure states on ℳ such thatG*E ⊂E, S ^G be the set ofG invariant states on ℳ andS _E ^G =S ^G ∩w* cl coE. We investigate in this paper some geometric properties for the setS _E ^G which turn out to be equivalent to amenability for the groupG. For example, we show thatS _E ^G ⊂ ℳ_* (S _E ^G has the WRNP) implies that ℳ contains minimal projections (ê containsfinite G invariant orbits) hold true, for all ℳ iffG is amenable. Furthermore we show that ifG is amenable thenS ^G ∩M _* ^⊥ contains a big set, thus improving results obtained by Ching Chou in [2]. These results imply that no action of an amenable countable groupG on an arbitraryW* algebra ℳ iss — strongly ergodic. Moreover cardS ^G ∩M _* ^⊥ ≧2 ^c (see M. Choda [4], K. Schmidt [21] and compare with A. Connes and B. Weiss [5]). The author gratefully acknowledges the support of an Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Senior Fellowship.     

Life span of solutions of a weakly coupled parabolic system

We consider the Cauchy problem for the weakly coupled parabolic system ∂ _t w _λ−Δ w _λ = F(w _λ) in R ^N , where λ > 0, w _λ = (u _λ, v _λ), F(w _λ) = (v _λ ^p , u _λ ^q ) for some p, q ≥ 1, pq > 1, and w_l(0) = (lj₁, l^\fracq+1p+1j₂)w_{\lambda}(0) = ({\lambda}{\varphi}_1, {\lambda}^{\frac{q+1}{p+1}}{\varphi}_2), for some nonnegative functions φ₁, φ₂ ?\in C ₀(R ^N ). If (p, q) is sub-critical or either φ₁ or φ₂ has slow decay at ∞, w _λ blows up for all λ > 0. Under these conditions, we study the blowup of w _λ for λ small.     

On the existence of invariant probability measures

Let (X,A) be a measureable space andT:X →X a measurable mapping. Consider a family ℳ of probability measures onA which satisfies certain closure conditions. IfA ₀⊂A is a convergence class for ℳ such that, for everyA ∈A ₀, the sequence ((1/n) Σ _i ^=0/n−1 1 _A ∘T ⁱ) converges in distribution (with respect to some probability measurev ∈ ℳ), then there exists aT-invariant element in ℳ. In particular, for the special case of a topological spaceX and a continuous mappingT, sufficient conditions for the existence ofT-invariant Borel probability measures with additional regularity properties are obtained.     

Life span of solutions of a weakly coupled parabolic system

We consider the Cauchy problem for the weakly coupled parabolic system ∂ _t w _λ−Δ w _λ = F(w _λ) in R ^N , where λ > 0, w _λ = (u _λ, v _λ), F(w _λ) = (v _λ ^p , u _λ ^q ) for some p, q ≥ 1, pq > 1, and , for some nonnegative functions φ₁, φ₂ C ₀(R ^N ). If (p, q) is sub-critical or either φ₁ or φ₂ has slow decay at ∞, w _λ blows up for all λ > 0. Under these conditions, we study the blowup of w _λ for λ small.      

Fourier Inversion of Distributions Supported by a Hypersurface

Let μ _Σ be the natural measure on R ^N (N≥3) supported by a compact oriented analytic hypersurface Σ, ψ a smooth function on R ^N and P(D) a differential operator in N variables of order m. We determine a sufficient condition on the number λ such that the Fourier integral of the distribution P(D)ψ μ _Σ be summable by Cesàro means of order λ to zero in a point outside the hypersurface. This condition depends on m and on the position of the point with respect to the caustic of the hypersurface.     

Spacelike Graphs with Parallel Mean Curvature in Pseudo-Riemannian Product Manifolds

The author introduces the w-function defined on the considered spacelike graph M.Under the growth conditions w = o(log z) and w = o(r),two Bernstein type theorems for M in Rmn+ mare got,where z and r are the pseudo-Euclidean distance and the distance function on M to some fixed point respectively.As the ambient space is a curved pseudoRiemannian product of two Riemannian manifolds(Σ1,g1) and(Σ2,g2) of dimensions n and m,a Bernstein type result for n = 2 under some curvature conditions on Σ1 and Σ2 and the growth condition w = o(r) is also got.As more general cases,under some curvature conditions on the ambient space and the growth condition w = o(r) or w = o(√r),the author concludes that if M has parallel mean curvature,then M is maximal.     

Differential operators associated with zonal polynomials. I

Summary Associated with each zonal polynomial,C _k(S), of a symmetric matrixS, we define a differential operator ∂_k, having the basic property that ∂_kC_λδ_kλ, δ being Kronecker's delta, whenever κ and λ are partitions of the non-negative integerk. Using these operators, we solve the problems of determining the coefficients in the expansion of (i) the product of two zonal polynomials as a series of zonal polynomials, and (ii) the zonal polynomial of the direct sum,S⊕T, of two symmetric matricesS andT, in terms of the zonal polynomials ofS andT. We also consider the problem of expanding an arbitrary homogeneous symmetric polynomial,P(S) in a series of zonal polynomials. Further, these operators are used to derive identities expressing the doubly generalised binomial coefficients ( _P ^λ ),P(S) being a monomial in the power sums of the latent roots ofS, in terms of the coefficients of the zonal polynomials, and from these, various results are obtained.     

Exponents of someN-compact spaces

For any topological spaceT, S. Mrówka has defined Exp (T) to be the smallest cardinal κ (if any such cardinals exist) such thatT can be embedded as a closed subset of the productN ^κ of κ copies ofN (the discrete space of cardinality ℵ₀). We prove that forQ, the space of the rationals with the inherited topology, Exp (Q) is equal to a certain covering number, and we show that by modifying some earlier work of ours it can be seen that it is consistent with the usual axioms of set theory including the choice that this number equal any uncountable regular cardinal less than or equal to 2^ℵ ₀. Mrówka has also defined and studied the class ℳ={κ: Exp (N _κ)=κ} whereN _κ is the discrete space of cardinality κ. It is known that the first cardinal not in ℳ must not only be inaccessible but cannot even belong to any of the first ω Mahlo classes. However, it is not known whether every cardinal below 2^ℵ ₀ is contained in ℳ. We prove that if there exists a maximal family of almost-disjoint subsets ofN of cardinality κ, then κ∈ℳ, and we then use earlier work to prove that if it is consistent that there exist cardinals which are not in the first ω Mahlo classes, then it is consistent that there exist such cardinals below 2^ℵ ₀ and that ℳ nevertheless contain all cardinals no greater than 2^ℵ ₀. Finally, we consider the relationship between ℳ and certain “large cardinals”, and we prove, for example, that if μ is any normal measure on a measurable cardinal, then μ(ℳ)=0.     

Explicit evaluations of Turán expressions

Summary Positive representations for [P _n ^(λ) (x)]²−P _n ^−1/(λ) (x)P _n ^+1/(λ) (x) and for analogous expressions involving orthogonal polynomials are obtained. This is an excerpt from the author's doctoral dissertation, written under the direction of ProfessorW. Seidel, to whom the author is grateful for his encouragement and assistance.     

Clifford-Hermite-monogenic operators

In this paper we consider operators acting on a subspace ℳ of the space L ₂ (ℝ^m; ℂ_m) of square integrable functions and, in particular, Clifford differential operators with polynomial coefficients. The subspace ℳ is defined as the orthogonal sum of spaces ℳ_s,k of specific Clifford basis functions of L ₂(ℝ^m; ℂm). Every Clifford endomorphism of ℳ can be decomposed into the so-called Clifford-Hermite-monogenic operators. These Clifford-Hermite-monogenic operators are characterized in terms of commutation relations and they transform a space ℳ_s,k into a similar space ℳ_s′,k′. Hence, once the Clifford-Hermite-monogenic decomposition of an operator is obtained, its action on the space ℳ is known. Furthermore, the monogenic decomposition of some important Clifford differential operators with polynomial coefficients is studied in detail.     

Local analyticity for the [`(?)]\overline \partial -Neumann problem in completely decoupled pseudoconvex domains-Neumann problem in completely decoupled pseudoconvex domains

In this paper we prove local analyticity of solutions to the -Neumann problem up to the boundary of rigid, completely decoupled pseudoconvex domains with real-analytic boundary. These are domains that are locally of the form Imw > Σ |h _k (z _k )|² with eachh _k holomorphic and vanishing only at 0. As in those earlier papers, we use purelyL ² methods and must construct a special holomorphic vector fieldM and then use carefully balanced polynomials inM to localize high powers ofT = ∂/∂t effectively, wheret = Rew.     

Approximation by simple partial fractions and their generalizations

We consider a multiple interpolation by Padé simple partial fractions and propose a method for calculating the values of rational functions and polynomials on the basis of approximation by special rational functions (their numerator and denominator are represented as the differences between two simple partial fractions). We obtain an extrapolation formula for an analytic function h(z) in a neighborhood of the origin. For an extrapolation tool we use the expressions Σ _k λ _k h(λ _k z), where λ _k are calculated by a certain algorithm and are independent of the choice of h. Bibliography: 17 titles.     

Scattering theory for perturbed stratified media

We study the operatorH = -c ² x,y)Μx,y)∇ · Μ ^-1 (x,y)∇, wherec andΜ are perturbations of functionsc ₀(y) andΜ ₀(y) which depend only on the one-dimensional variabley. In particular, we study the spatial asymptotics of lim_ε↺0(H - (λ +iε)²)^-1 applied to functions which have compact support or are otherwise well-behaved at infinity and relate the scattering matrix to the asymptotics of the generalized eigenfunctions. We then prove a trace formula for the operatorH in terms of the scattering phase, and, in a very special situation, use the trace formula to find spectral asymptotics forH. Partially supported by an NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship and the University of Missouri Research Board.     

Critical Points of Wang�CYau Quasi-Local Energy

In this paper, we prove the following theorem regarding the Wang–Yau quasi-local energy of a spacelike two-surface in a spacetime: Let Σ be a boundary component of some compact, time-symmetric, spacelike hypersurface Ω in a time-oriented spacetime N satisfying the dominant energy condition. Suppose the induced metric on Σ has positive Gaussian curvature and all boundary components of Ω have positive mean curvature. Suppose H ≤ H ₀ where H is the mean curvature of Σ in Ω and H ₀ is the mean curvature of Σ when isometrically embedded in \mathbb R³{\mathbb R^3} . If Ω is not isometric to a domain in \mathbb R³{\mathbb R^3}, then

Essentiality and injectivity relative to sequential purity of acts

For a class ℳ of monomorphisms of a category, mathematicians consider different types of essentiality, depending on ℳ. In this paper, considering the category of acts over a semigroup, we first briefly study the class ℳ _p of a certain kind of pure monomorphisms, in a manner borrowed from V. Gould, to be called sequentially pure. Then, we study in detail three kinds of essentiality with respect to this class, and give some useful criteria to get (internal) characterizations (in terms of elements) for essentialities. Finally, the relations between injectivity, essentiality, retractness, and injective hulls, all with respect to the class of sequentially pure monomorphisms, are investigated. The second author is thankful to Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) for their financial support.     

Basic Propositional Calculus II. Interpolation

Let ℒ and ? be propositional languages over Basic Propositional Calculus, and ℳ = ℒ∩?. Weprove two different but interrelated interpolation theorems. First, suppose that Π is a sequent theory over ℒ, and Σ∪ {C⇒C′} is a set of sequents over ?, such that Π,Σ⊢C⇒C′. Then there is a sequent theory Φ over ℳ such that Π⊢Φ and Φ, Σ⊢C⇒C′. Second, let A be a formula over ℒ, and C ₁, C ₂ be formulas over ?, such that A∧C ₁⊢C ₂. Then there exists a formula B over ℳ such that A⊢B and B∧C ₁⊢C ₂. Received: 7 January 1998 / Published online: 18 May 2001     

Strongly almost convergent generalized difference sequences associated with multiplier sequences

Let Λ = (λ _k ) be a sequence of non-zero complex numbers. In this paper we introduce the strongly almost convergent generalized difference sequence spaces associated with multiplier sequences i.e. w ₀[A,Δ ^m ,Λ,p], w ₁[A,Λ ^m ,Λ,p], w _∞[A,Δ ^m ,Λ,p] and study their different properties. We also introduce Δ _Λ ^m -statistically convergent sequences and give some inclusion relations between w ₁[Δ ^m ,λ,p] convergence and Δ _Λ ^m -statistical convergence. Communicated by Pavel Kostyrko     

Topology of spaces of hyperbolic polynomials and combinatorics of resonances

In this paper we study the topology of the strata, indexed by number partitions λ, in the natural stratification of the space of monic hyperbolic polynomials of degreen. We prove stabilization theorems for removing an independent block or an independent relation in λ. We also prove contractibility of the ‘one-point compactifications of the strata indexed by a large class of number partitions, including λ=(k ^m , 1 ^r ), form≥2. Furthermore, we study the maps between the homology groups of the strata, induced by imposing additional relations (resonances) on the number partition λ, or by merging some of the blocks of λ.