Polymeric Janus Particles

Since de Gennes’ Nobel lecture in 1991, in which he coined the term “Janus grains”, research into asymmetric particles has boomed. Macroscopic, microscopic and nanoscopic particles have been prepared in which certain parts of their surface differ in chemical composition, polarity, color, or any other property. Spherical, cylindrical, disc‐like, snowman‐, hamburger‐, and raspberry‐like structures have been synthesized from organic or inorganic materials or even as hybrids of both. Synthetic strategies towards such particles vary greatly from simple polymer mixtures to the bulk self‐assembly of sophisticated terpolymers to immobilization methods of symmetric particles. Polymeric Janus particles are particularly promising, as they can often be prepared cheaply and sometimes even on larger scales.     

Janus粒子制备研究*

具有不对称双面结构的Janus粒子以其独特性能,在乳液稳定、光学、生物传感、药物输送、电子学等领域具有潜在的应用前景。本文就近年来Janus粒子制备技术的研究进展进行了总结,详细地介绍了Janus粒子主要制备方法,包括微流体合成、拓扑选择表面改性、模板导向自组装、可控相分离及可控表面成核,并指出了各种Janus粒子制备技术存在的问题及其发展方向,认为基于可控相分离及表面成核的合成方法成本较低,产率较大,有可能得到更为广泛的应用。     

基于聚合物的Janus粒子的制备与应用

具有结构和组成各向异性的Janus粒子以其独特性能,近年来得到了国内外研究者的广泛关注。本文综述基于聚合物的Janus粒子的最新研究进展,详细介绍了基于聚合物的哑铃状、雪人状、草莓状、蘑菇状4种Janus粒子的制备方法,主要包括乳液聚合、相分离法和自组装法。概述了这几种基于聚合物的Janus粒子在工业催化、生物医药、污水处理、光学探针、彩色显示、自驱动马达等方面的应用进展,并指出了存在的问题和研究方向。     

Remote Control of T Cell Activation Using Magnetic Janus Particles

We report a strategy for using magnetic Janus microparticles to control the stimulation of T cell signaling with single‐cell precision. To achieve this, we designed Janus particles that are magnetically responsive on one hemisphere and stimulatory to T cells on the other side. By manipulating the rotation and locomotion of Janus particles under an external magnetic field, we could control the orientation of the particle–cell recognition and thereby the initiation of T cell activation. This study demonstrates a step towards employing anisotropic material properties of Janus particles to control single‐cell activities without the need of complex magnetic manipulation devices.     

A Surfactant‐Free and Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Nonspherical Janus Particles with Thermally Tunable Amphiphilicity

A surfactant‐free approach is proposed to synthesize nonspherical Janus particles with temperature‐dependent wettability on hydrophobic surfaces. Sub‐micrometer‐sized particles comprising poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) core and a thermally responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐methacrylic acid) shell are first synthesized to stabilize styrene droplets in water, producing a Pickering emulsion. Upon heating to 80 °C and subsequent addition of initiators to the aqueous phase, styrene droplets are polymerized and combine with the core–shell particles to construct dumbbell‐shaped nonspherical particles. The shape of the nonspherical particles is controllable by adjusting the equilibrium time of the Pickering emulsion at 80 °C, which is conducted prior to polymerization. The mechanism of formation is discussed in more detail. Since molecular surfactants or stabilizers are not used during the synthesis, the present nonspherical particles well exhibit their own temperature‐dependent amphiphilic characteristics. The aqueous dispersion containing the dumbbell‐shaped particles alters its wettability on hydrophobic polymer surfaces according to temperature changes, demonstrating its temperature‐dependent amphiphilicity change.

     

Pickering乳液模板法制备Janus粒子

本文以SiO₂粒子稳定的水包油(O/W)型Pickering乳液作为模板, 在乳液连续相进行SI-ATRP, 将聚合物刷接枝到SiO₂粒子外半表面, 破乳得到半修饰的Janus粒子.     

两亲性Janus粒子的合成及其在Pickering乳液中的应用

Janus粒子由于在光、电、力、磁及表面亲/疏水性等方面表现出各向异性,因此在稳定乳液、生物医药及功能涂层等方面展现出广阔的应用价值.两亲性Janus粒子是指一侧具有亲水性、另一侧具有疏水性的不对称材料,由于同时具有表面活性剂的性质和固体颗粒的效应,在稳定Pickenng乳液方面极具优势.基于此,本文对两亲性Janus...     

双面神粒子制备的研究进展

双面神粒子描述的是一类各向异性的、粒子的两个半球表面具有不同化学性质的微粒.它结构特殊,性能优异,应用前景广阔.本文综述了双面神粒子制备及其性能研究的进展,并对今后的发展作了展望.     

Janus粒子的制备及功能化应用

Janus粒子是指表面具有两种或两种以上不同化学组成或性质的不对称粒子,目前Janus粒子的制备方法仍在发展中,同时也逐渐形成了Janus粒子在生物医药、催化、材料以及防污等领域功能化应用的研究重点。本文从Janus粒子制备和应用两个方面方法来介绍Janus粒子的研究进展。制备方法主要包括表面选择性修饰法、晶种生长法、微流控法、嵌段共聚物自组装法和电化学沉积法等。应用方面则着重介绍了Janus粒子在生物医药、界面催化、表面活性剂、复合材料、微米马达和防污等方面的功能化应用,并对Janus粒子未来的发展趋势做了展望。     

Janus颗粒表面活性剂的研究进展

Janus颗粒（JPs）是一类新型的具有微米或纳米尺寸、2个半球具有不同化学特性的胶体粒子。 其中,两亲性JPs在其2个半球上分别表现出亲水和疏水的特性,作为一种新型表面活性剂受到广泛的关注。 本文综述了近几年来两亲性JPs的制备方法、表面活性理论、两亲性表征方法及其在乳液聚合中的应用,并探讨了今后的研究方向。     

Janus 粒子在环境检测领域中的应用

Janus 粒子,也称为阴阳结构粒子或两面性非对称粒子,是指表面上具有两种或两种以上不同化学组成或性质的不对称粒子。目前,Janus 粒子因其独特的结构和功能已经逐渐成为生物医药、催化、材料以及防污等领域中的新型功能材料。在环境检测领域,Janus材料亦因其特殊的光学、磁学及电学性能,为提高检测灵敏度、选择性和稳定性等提供了新的研究方向。基于此,本文主要讨论了Janus材料在环境检测方面的特点、优势和相关应用。最后,本文基于本课题组的研究经验以及工作中所面临的问题,对本领域的发展和未来的研究方向提出了展望,以期对本领域的未来发展提供指导。     

双面粒子的制备及应用研究进展

双面粒子是指粒子的两个半球表面具有不同组成或性质的微粒.这种各向异性或不对称的结构使其有很广泛的应用,但也使其制备变得困难.近年来已发展了很多制备方法,本文总结了最近几年双面粒子在制备及应用方面的研究进展.     

聚苯胺/聚苯乙烯复合Janus颗粒的制备

利用有机溶剂溶胀磺化聚苯乙烯@二氧化钛(SPS@TiO₂)核壳粒子制得二氧化钛/聚苯乙烯(TiO₂/PS)双面神(Janus)颗粒, 并在TiO₂端进行改性, 得到墨绿色的聚苯胺/聚苯乙烯(PANi/PS) Janus颗粒. 用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子能谱(EDS)、元素分析、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外光谱(IR)、热重分析(TGA)、固体紫外-可见分析(UV-Vis)和四探针法考察Janus颗粒组成、微结构和Janus性质. 结果表明, Janus颗粒为雪人状结构, PS端的平均粒径为228 nm, PANi端的平均粒径从TiO₂的258 nm增大为295 nm; 并且在EDS谱上可以观察到N元素, 而未观察到Ti元素; 包覆的PANi的质量分数为23.7%. 掺杂后PANi/PS Janus颗粒的导电性能较好, 电导率为0.247 S/cm.     

Simple Platform Method for the Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Microgels by Modification of Active Ester Latex Particles

This study reports a simple and versatile synthesis route for the preparation of highly uniform and densely functionalized aqueous microgels by modification of latex particles composed of an active ester monomer (pentafluorophenyl acrylate; PFPA). The hydrophobic nature of the PFPA allows synthesizing very uniform latex particles via emulsion polymerization, whose size can be controlled by the surfactant concentration, while the degree of crosslinking is a function of the added crosslinker. The high reactivity of the PFPA groups toward nucleophilic substitution delivers a platform method to synthesize functional microgels by reaction with functional amines. This study demonstrates this process for the dense functionalization of the entire particle with an amine carrying a pH‐responsive unit. This study further describes the influence of the crosslinking degree on the ability for swelling of the resulting microgels in aqueous dispersion.

     

Colloidal Synthesis of Gold Semishells

This work describes a novel and scalable colloid chemistry strategy to fabricate gold semishells based on the selective growth of gold on Janus silica particles (500 nm in diameter) partly functionalized with amino groups. The modulation of the geometry of the Janus silica particles allows us to tune the final morphology of the gold semishells. This method also provides a route to fabricating hollow gold semishells through etching of the silica cores with hydrofluoric acid. The optical properties were characterized by visible near-infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy and compared with simulations performed using the boundary element method (BEM). These revealed that the main optical features are located beyond the NIR region because of the large core size.