Linear series onk-gonal curves

Here we prove the following result. Theorem 1.1.Let X be an integral projective curve of arithmetic genus g and k≧ ≧4 an integer. Assume the existence of L ∈ Pic^k (X) with h ⁰ (X, L)=2 and L spanned. Fix a rank 1 torsion free sheaf M on X with h ⁰(X,M)=r+1≧2, h¹ (X, M)≧2 and M spanned by its global sections. Set d≔deg(M) and s≔max {n≧0:h ⁰ (X, M ⊗(L^*)^⊗n)>0}. Then one of the following cases occur:

On projectively normal embeddings of generalk-gonal curves

Fix integersg, k andt witht>0,k≥3 andtk<g/2−1. LetX be a generalk-gonal curve of genusg andR∈Pic ^k (X) the uniqueg _k ¹ onX. SetL:=K _X⊗(R ^*)^⊗t.L is very ample. Leth _L:X→P(H ⁰(X, L)^*) be the associated embedding. Here we prove thath _L(X) is projectively normal. Ifk≥4 andtk<g/2−2 the curveh _L(X) is scheme-theoretically cut out by quadrics. The author was partially supported by MURST and GNSAGA of CNR (Italy).     

On polarized 3-folds (X, L) withg(L)=q(X)+1 andh 0(L)≥4

Let (X, L) be a polarized 3-fold over the complex number field. In [Fk3], we proved thatg(L)≥q(X) ifh ⁰(L)≥2 and moreover we classified (X, L) withh ⁰(L)≥3 andg(L)=q(X), whereg(L) is the sectional genus of (X, L) andq(X)=dimH ¹(O _X ) the irregularity ofX. In this paper we will classify polarized 3-folds (X, L) withh ⁰(L)≥4 andg(L)=q(X)+1 by the method of [Fk3].     

Adjoints of semigroups acting on vector-valued function spaces

LetT(t) be the translation group onY=C ₀(ℝ×K)=C ₀(ℝ)⊗C(K),K compact Hausdorff, defined byT(t)f(x, y)=f(x+t, y). In this paper we give several representations of the sun-dialY ^⊙ corresponding to this group. Motivated by the solution of this problem, viz.Y ^⊙=L ¹(ℝ)⊗M(K), we develop a duality theorem for semigroups of the formT ₀(t)⊗id on tensor productsZ⊗X of Banach spaces, whereT ₀(t) is a semigroup onZ. Under appropriate compactness assumptions, depending on the kind of tensor product taken, we show that the sun-dial ofZ⊗X is given byZ ^⊙⊗X*. These results are applied to determine the sun-dials for semigroups induced on spaces of vector-valued functions, e.g.C ₀(Ω;X) andL ^p (μ;X). This paper was written during a half-year stay at the Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science CWI in Amsterdam. I am grateful to the CWI and the Dutch National Science Foundation NWO for financial support.     

On moduli of vector bundles on surfaces with negative Kodaira dimension

Summary Here we prove the following result. Fix integersq, τ,a’, b’, a’ _i, 1≤i≤τ,a’, b’, a’ _i, 1≤i≤τ; then there is an integerew such that for every integert≥w, for every algebraically closed fieldK for every smooth complete surfaceX with negative Kodaira dimension, irregularityq andK _X ² =8(1−q)−τ, the following condition holds; ifX→S is a sequence fo τ blowing-downs which gives a relatively minimal model with ruling ρ:S→C, take as basis of the Neron Severi groupNS(X) a smooth rational curve which is the total transform of a fiber ofC, the total transform of a minimal section of ρ and the total transformD _i, 1≤i≤τ, of the exceptional curver; then for everyH andL∈Pic (X) withH ample,H (resp.L) represented by the integersa’, b’, a’ _i, (resp.a’, b’, a’ _i), 1≤i≤τ, in the chosen basis ofNS(X) the moduli spaceM(ZX, 2,H, L, t) of rank 2H-stable vector bundles onX with determinantL andc ₂=t is generically smooth and the number, dimension and ?birational structure? of the irreducible components ofM(X, 2,H, L, t)_red do not depend on the choice ofK andX. Furthermore the birational structure of these irreducible components can be loosely described in terms of the birational structure of the components of suitableM(S, 2,H’, L’, t’)_red withS a relatively minimal model ofX.

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Sunto SiaX una superficie algebrica liscia completa con dimensione di Kodaira negativa e definita su un campo algebricamente chiusoK; fissiamoH eL∈Pic (X),t∈Z; siaq l’irregolarità diX e τ≔8(1−q)−K _X ^Emphasis>2 ; siaM(X, 2,H, L, t) to schema dei moduli dei fibrati vettorialiH-stabili di rango 2 suX con determinateL ec ₂=t. Si dimostra che esiste una costantew che dipende solo daq, da τ e dalla classe numerica diH e diL (ma non da char (K) o dalla classe di isomorphismo diX) tale che per ognit≥w il numero, la dimensione e ?la struttura birazionale? delle componenti irriducibili diM(X, 2,H, L, t)_red non dipende dalla scelta di char (K),K eX ma solo daq, τ e dalle classi diH eL inNS(X). Inoltre la ?struttura birazionale? di queste componenti irriducibili può essere grossolanamente descritta in termini delle componenti di opportuni spazi di moduliM(S, 2,H’, L’, t’) (doveS è un modello minimale diX).

     

Primarite DeL p(L r), 1<p,r<∞

In this article we show thatL ^p(L ^r) is primary forp andr in ]1,+∞[. If (h _k) _k≧1 denote the Haar basis, we begin with a study of the sequence (h _k ⊗h _i) and, in particular, the space generated by a subsequence of this sequence. In the first part we study the base ofL ^p(L ^r) and in the second part we show that this space is primary.     

A brill - noether theory for<Emphasis Type="Italic">κ</Emphasis>-gonal nodal curves

LetV(g, x, k, y) be the set of all pairs (X, F), whereX is an integral projective nodal curve withp _a(X)=g and card(Sing(X))=x andF is a rank 1 torsion free sheaf onX with deg(F)=k, card(Sing(F))=y andh ⁰(X, F)≥2. Here we study a general (X, F) εV(g, x, k, y) and in particular the Brill-Noether theory ofX and the scrollar invariants ofF.     

Chow group of 1-cycles on the moduli space of vector bundles of rank 2 over a curve

Let X be a non-singular complex projective curve of genus ≥3. Choose a point x ∈ X. Let M_x be the moduli space of stable bundles of rank 2 with determinant We prove that the Chow group CH^Q₁(M_x) of 1-cycles on M_x with rational coefficients is isomorphic to CH^Q₀(X). By studying the rational curves on M_x, it is not difficult to see that there exits a natural homomorphism CH₀(J)→CH₁(M_x) where J denotes the Jacobian of X. The crucial point is to show that this homomorphism induces a homomorphism CH₀(X)→CH₁(M_x), namely, to go from the infinite dimensional object CH₀(J) to the finite dimensional object CH₀(X). This is proved by relating the degeneration of Hecke curves on M_x to the second term I^*2 of Bloch's filtration on CH₀(J). Insong Choe was supported by KOSEF (R01-2003-000-11634-0).     

Rational surfaces and moduli spaces of vector bundles on rational surfaces

Let X be a smooth algebraic surface, L ? Pic(X) L \in \textrm{Pic}(X) and H an ample divisor on X. Set M_X,H(2; L, c₂) the moduli space of rank 2, H-stable vector bundles F on X with det(F) = L and c₂(F) = c₂. In this paper, we show that the geometry of X and of M_X,H(2; L, c₂) are closely related. More precisely, we prove that for any ample divisor H on X and any L ? Pic(X) L \in \textrm{Pic}(X) , there exists n₀ ? \mathbbZ n_0 \in \mathbb{Z} such that for all n₀ \leqq c₂ ? \mathbbZ n_0 \leqq c_2 \in \mathbb{Z} , M_X,H(2; L, c₂) is rational if and only if X is rational.     

On the postulation of a general projection of a curve inP 3

Summary We say that a curve C in P ³ has maximal rank if for every integer k the restriction map r_c(k):H ⁰(P ³, O_P3(k)) H⁰ (C, O_C(k))has maximal rank. Here we prove the following results. Theorem 1Fix integers g, d with 0g3,dg+3.Fix a curve X of genus g and L Pic^d (X).If g=3and X is hyperelliptic, assume d8. Let _L(X)be the image of X by the complete linear system H ⁰(X, L). Then a general projection of _L(X)into P ³ has maximal rank. Theorem 2For every integer g0,there exists an integer d(g, 3)such that for every dd(g, 3),for every smooth curve X of genus g and every LPic^d (X) the general projection of _L(X)into P ³ has maximal rank.     

Isometric multipliers ofL p (G, X)

Let G be a locally compact group with a fixed right Haar measure andX a separable Banach space. LetL ^p (G, X) be the space of X-valued measurable functions whose norm-functions are in the usualL ^p . A left multiplier ofL ^p (G, X) is a bounded linear operator onB ^p (G, X) which commutes with all left translations. We use the characterization of isometries ofL ^p (G, X) onto itself to characterize the isometric, invertible, left multipliers ofL ^p (G, X) for 1 ≤p ∞,p ≠ 2, under the assumption thatX is not thel ^p -direct sum of two non-zero subspaces. In fact we prove that ifT is an isometric left multiplier ofL ^p (G, X) onto itself then there existsa y ∃ G and an isometryU ofX onto itself such thatTf(x) = U (R _y f)(x). As an application, we determine the isometric left multipliers of L¹ ∩L ^p (G, X) and L¹ ∩C ₀ (G, X) whereG is non-compact andX is not the l^p-direct sum of two non-zero subspaces. If G is a locally compact abelian group andH is a separable Hubert space, we define where г is the dual group of G. We characterize the isometric, invertible, left multipliers ofA ^p (G, H), provided G is non-compact. Finally, we use the characterization of isometries ofC(G, X) for G compact to determine the isometric left multipliers ofC(G, X) providedX ^* is strictly convex.     

The milnor-moore theorem in tame homotopy theory

LetX be a 1-connected space with Moore loop space ΩX. By a well-known theorem of J. W. Milnor and J. C. Moore [7] the Hurewicz homomorphism induces an isomorphism of Hopf algebrasU(π_*(ΩX) ⊗Q)→H _*(ΩX;Q). HereU(−) denotes the universal enveloping algebra and the Lie bracket on π_*(ΩX) ⊗Q is given by the Samelson product. Assume now thatX is the geometric realization of anr-reduced simplicial set,r≥3. LetL _X be a differential graded free Lie algebra over ℤ describing the tame homotopy type ofX according to the theory of [4]. Then the main result of the present paper is the construction of a sequence of morphisms of differential graded algebras betwenU(L _X ) and the algebraC U _*(ΩX)z of normalized cubical chains on ΩX such that the induced morphisms on homology with coefficientsR _k are isomorphismsH _r-1+l (U(L _x );R _k ) ≅H _r-1+l C U _*(ΩX);R _k ) forl≤k; hereR ₀⊆R ₁⊆… is a tame ring system, i. e.R _k )⊑Q and each primep with 2p−3≤k is invertible inR _k . However, it is no longer true that the Pontrjagin algebraH _≤r−1+k (ΩX; R _k ) of ΩX in degrees ≤r−1+k is determined by π_*(ΩX) or by a cofibrant (-fibrant) modelM of π_*(ΩX) as will be shown by an example. But there is a filtration onH _≤r−1+k (ΩX; R _k ) such that the associated graded algebra is isomorphic toH _≤r−1+k (U(M); R _k ).This will be proved by using a filtered Lie algebra model ofX constructed from a bigraded model of π_*(ΩX). Supported by a CNRS grant and PROCOPE Supported by PROCOPE     

Global existence and time decay of small solutions to the landau-ginzburg type equations

We study the Cauchy problem for the nonlinear dissipative equations (0.1) uo∂u-αδu + Β|u|^2/n u = 0,x ∃ Rⁿ,t } 0,u(0,x) = u0(x),x ∃ Rⁿ, where α,Β ∃ C, ℜα 0. We are interested in the dissipative case ℜα 0, and ℜδ(α,Β)≥ 0, θ = |∫ u0(x)dx| ⊋ 0, where δ(α, Β) = ##|α|^n-1n^n/2 / ((n + 1)|α|² + α^{2 n/2}. Furthermore, we assume that the initial data u₀ ∃ L^p are such that (1 + |x|)^αu0 ∃ L¹, with sufficiently small norm ∃ = (1 + |x|)^α u₀ 1 + u₀ p, wherep 1, α ∃ (0,1). Then there exists a unique solution of the Cauchy problem (0.1)u(t, x) ∃ C ((0, ∞); L^∞) ∩ C ([0, ∞); L¹ ∩ L^p) satisfying the time decay estimates for allt0 u(t)||_∞ Cɛt^-n/2(1 + η log 〈t〉)^-n/2, if hg = θ^2/n 2_π ℜδ(α, Β) 0; u(t)||_∞ Cɛt^-n/2(1 + Μ log 〈t〉)^-n/4, if η = 0 and Μ = θ^4/n 4π)² (ℑδ(α, Β))² ℜ((1 + 1/n) υ1-1 υ2) 0; and u(t)||_∞ Cɛt^-n/2(1 + κ log 〈t〉)^-n/6, if η = 0, Μ = 0, κ 0, where υl,l = 1,2 are defined in (1.2), κ is a positive constant defined in (2.31).     

Maximality of analytic operator algebras

LetM be a σ-finite von Neumann algebra andα be an action ofR onM. LetH ^∞(α) be the associated analytic subalgebra; i.e.H ^∞(α)={X ∈M: sp_∞(X) [0, ∞]}. We prove that every σ-weakly closed subalgebra ofM that containsH ^∞(α) isH ^∞(γ) for some actionγ ofR onM. Also we show that (assumingZ(M)∩M ^α = Ci)H ^∞(α) is a maximal σ-weakly closed subalgebra ofM if and only if eitherH ^∞(α)={A ∈M: (I−F)xF=0} for some projectionF ∈M, or sp(α)=Γ(α).     

On Sectional Genus of Quasi—Polarized Manifolds with Non-Negative Kodaira Dimension

Let X be a smooth projective variety over ? and L be a nef-big divisor on X. Then (X, L) is called a quasi - polarized manifold. Then we conjecture that g(L) ≥ q(X), where g(L) is the sectional genus of L and q(X) = dim H¹(O_x) is the irregularity of X. In general it is unknown that this conjecture is true or not even in the case of dim X = 2. For example, this conjecture is true if dim X = 2 and dim H≥(L) > 0. But it is unknown if dim X ≥ 3 and dim H⁰(L) > 0. In this paper, we consider a lower bound for g(L) if dim X = 2, dim H⁰(L) ≥ 2, and k(X) ≥ 0. We obtain a stronger result than the above conjecture if dim Bs|L| ≤ 0 by a new method which can be applied to higher dimensional cases. Next we apply this method to the case in which dim X = n ≥ 3 and we obtain a lower bound for g(L) if dim X = 3, dim H⁰(L) ≥ 2, and k(X) ≥ 0.     

Classification of framed links in 3-manifolds

We present a short and complete proof of the following Pontryagin theorem, whose original proof was complicated and has never been published in detail. Let M be a connected oriented closed smooth 3-manifold, L ₁(M) be the set of framed links in M up to a framed cobordism, and deg: L ₁(M) → H ₁(M; ℤ) be the map taking a framed link to its homology class. Then for each α ∈ H ₁(M; ℤ) there is a one-to-one correspondence between the set deg⁻¹ α and the group ℤ_2d(α), where d(α) is the divisibility of the projection of α to the free part of H ₁(M; ℤ).     

On multivalued topologies on <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis>-powersets of multivalued sets

Given an M-valued equality E: X×X → M on a set X, we extend it to the M-valued equality ε: L ^X × L ^X → M on the L-powerset L ^X of X, where L is a complete sublattice of a GL-monoid M. As a result, we come to a category SET(M,L) whose objects are quadruples (X,E,L ^X , ε). This category serves as a ground category for the category L-TOP(M) of (L,M)-valued topological spaces and some of its subcategories, which are the main subject of this paper. In particular, as special cases, we obtain here Chang-Goguen, Lowen, Kubiak-Šostak, and some other known categories related to fuzzy topology. __________ Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 237–247, 2005.     

Semiclassical <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Superscript> Estimates of Quasimodes on Curved Hypersurfaces

Let M be a compact manifold of dimension n, P=P(h) a semiclassical pseudodifferential operator on M, and u=u(h) an L ² normalized family of functions such that P(h)u(h) is O(h) in L ²(M) as h↓0. Let H⊂M be a compact submanifold of M. In a previous article, the second-named author proved estimates on the L ^p norms, p≥2, of u restricted to H, under the assumption that the u are semiclassically localized and under some natural structural assumptions about the principal symbol of P. These estimates are of the form Ch ^−δ(n,k,p) where k=dim H (except for a logarithmic divergence in the case k=n−2, p=2). When H is a hypersurface, i.e., k=n−1, we have δ(n,n−1, 2)=1/4, which is sharp when M is the round n-sphere and H is an equator.