Superscaling predictions for neutral current quasielastic neutrino-nucleus scattering

The application of superscaling ideas to predict neutral-current (NC) quasielastic (QE) neutrino cross sections is investigated. The relativistic impulse approximation (RIA) using the same relativistic mean field potential (RMF) for both initial and final nucleons - a model that reproduces the experimental (e,e(')) scaling function - is used to illustrate our findings. While NC reactions are apparently not well suited for scaling analyses, to a large extent, the RIA-RMF predictions do exhibit superscaling. Independence of the scaled response on the nuclear species is very well fulfilled. The RIA-RMF NC superscaling function is in good agreement with the experimental (e,e(')) one. The idea that electroweak processes can be described with a universal scaling function, provided that mild restrictions on the kinematics are assumed, is shown to be valid.     

New results for the production of Λ and Σhyperons in antineutrino scattering from protons

We obtain total and differential cross-sections for the strangeness changing charged current reactions ˉ + p → Λ + L ⁺ and ˉ + p → Σ⁰ + L ⁺ , where L is a charged lepton, either an electron, muon or tau. We do this by making use of the standard dipole form factors normally used and of the new form factors recently obtained from recoil proton measurements in electron-proton electromagnetic scattering. We also obtain the contributions of the individual form factors to the total and differential cross-sections for both sets of form factors. We find that the differential and total cross-sections for Λ production change only slightly between the two sets of form factors but that the differential and total cross-sections change substantially for Σ⁰ production. We discuss the possibility of distinguishing between the two cases for the experiments planned by the MINERν A Collaboration.     

Electromagnetic proton-neutron knockout off <Superscript>16</Superscript>O : New achievements in theory

Results for the cross-sections of the exclusive ¹⁶O(e, e'pn)¹⁴N and ¹⁶O(γ, pn)¹⁴N knockout reactions are presented and discussed in different kinematics. In comparison with earlier work, a complete treatment of the center-of-mass (CM) effects in the nuclear one-body current is considered in connection with the problem of the lack of orthogonality between initial bound and final scattering states. The effects due to CM and orthogonalization are investigated in combination with different treatments of correlations in the two-nucleon overlap function and for different parametrizations of the two-body currents. The CM effects lead in super-parallel kinematics to a dramatic increase of the ¹⁶O(e, e'pn) cross-section to the 1₂ ⁺ excited state (3.95MeV) of ¹⁴N . In all the situations considered the results are very sensitive to the treatment of correlations. A crucial role is played by tensor correlations, but also the contribution of long-range correlations is important.     

Nuclear effects on lepton polarization in charged-current quasielastic neutrino scattering

We use a correlated local Fermi gas (LFG) model, which accounts also for long distance corrections of the RPA type and final-state interactions, to compute the polarization of the final lepton in charged-current quasielastic neutrino scattering. The present model has been successfully used in recent studies of inclusive neutrino nucleus processes and muon capture. We investigate the relevance of nuclear effects in the particular case of τ polarization in tau-neutrino induced reactions for several kinematics of relevance for neutrino oscillation experiments.     

New inversion methods for the Lorentz Integral Transform

The Lorentz Integral Transform approach allows microscopic calculations of electromagnetic reaction cross-sections without explicit knowledge of final-state wave functions. The necessary inversion of the transform has to be treated with great care, since it constitutes a so-called ill-posed problem. In this work new inversion techniques for the Lorentz Integral Transform are introduced. It is shown that they all contain a regularization scheme, which is necessary to overcome the ill-posed problem. In addition, it is illustrated that the new techniques have a much broader range of application than the present standard inversion method of the Lorentz Integral Transform.     

Approximation of photonuclear interaction cross-sections

Photonuclear interaction cross-sections from the GEANT4 database are approximated for all nuclei and all energies (from the hadron production threshold to about 40 TeV). The approximation methods in the giant-dipole resonance region, nucleon resonance region, and high-energy region are improved with respect to existing approximations. As an application of the approximation for photonuclear cross-sections, an improved method of calculating electronuclear cross-sections is developed. The interaction cross-section of virtual photons with nuclei at high Q² are approximated and a simple algorithm for describing the electronuclear reactions, including high-Q² scattering, is proposed. Received: 22 February 2002 / Accepted: 6 May 2002     

Extracting generalized multiphoton ionization cross-sections from nonperturbative time-dependent calculations: An application in positronium

Ab initio time-dependent (TD) calculations of the behavior of positronium (Ps) under strong subpicosecond laser pulses are presented. The results are compared with results in H through scaling. It is found that a substantial amount of the population can be found in excited states after the pulse. In the perturbative regime, generalized multiphoton ionization cross-sections are extracted from the results of the time-dependent calculations. The generalized cross-sections are used to predict the response of Ps to nanosecond laser pulses at wavelengths of current experimental interest. Beyond the application to Ps, the generality of the method for extracting generalized cross-sections from TD nonperturbative calculations is discussed. Received 8 June 1999     

On the treatment of the Δ-contributions in electromagnetic pp-knockout reactions

The treatment of the Δ-current and its contribution in the exclusive ¹⁶O (e, e'pp)¹⁴C and ¹⁶O (γ, pp)¹⁴C knockout reactions are investigated in combination with the effects of correlations. Different parametrizations of the effective Δ-current and different treatments of correlations in the two-nucleon overlap function are considered. The results are presented and discussed for a suitable choice of kinematics. It is found that the investigation of different mutually supplementing kinematics is necessary to resolve the uncertainties in the theoretical ingredients and extract clear and unambiguous information on correlations.     

Logarithmic corrections and soft photon phenomenology in the multipole model of the nucleon form factors

We analyzed the presently available experimental data on nucleon electromagnetic form factors within a multipole model based on dispersion relations. A good fit of the data is achieved by considering the coefficients of the multipole expansions as logarithmic functions of the momentum transfer squared. The superconvergence relations, applied to this coefficients, makes the model agree with unitary constraints and pQCD asymptotics for the Dirac and Pauli form factors. The soft photon emission is proposed as a mechanism responsible for the difference between the Rosenbluth, polarization and beam-target asymmetry data. It is shown that the experimentally measured cross-sections depend not only on the Dirac and Pauli form factors, but also on the average number of the photons emitted. For the proton this number is shown to be different for different types of experimental measurements and then estimated phenomenologically. For the neutron the same mechanism predicts that the data form different types of experiments must coincide with high accuracy. A joint fit of all the experimental data reproduce the Q²-dependence with the accuracy χ²/dof = 0.86 . Predictions of the model, that 1) the ratios of the proton form factors G _E/G _M are different for Rosenbluth, polarization and beam-target asymmetry experiments and 2) similar ratios are nearly the same for neutron, can be used for experimental verification of the model.     

Charged lepton production from iron induced by atmospheric neutrinos

The charged current lepton production induced by neutrinos in ⁵⁶Fe nuclei has been studied. The calculations have been done for the quasielastic as well as the inelastic reactions assuming Δ-dominance and take into account the effect of Pauli blocking, Fermi motion and the renormalization of weak transition strengths in the nuclear medium. The quasielastic production cross-sections for lepton production are found to be strongly reduced due to nuclear effects, while there is about 10% reduction in the inelastic cross-sections in the absence of the final-state interactions of the pions. The numerical results for the momentum and angular distributions of the leptons averaged over the various atmospheric-neutrino spectra at the Soudan and Gran Sasso sites have been presented. The effect of nuclear-model dependence and the atmospheric-flux dependence on the relative yield of μ to e has been studied and discussed.     

Superscaling of percolation on rectangular domains

For percolation on (RL)xL two-dimensional rectangular domains with a width L and aspect ratio R, we propose that the existence probability of the percolating cluster E(p)(L,epsilon,R) as a function of L, R, and deviation from the critical point epsilon can be expressed as F(epsilonL(y(t))R(a)), where y(t) identical with1/nu is the thermal scaling power, a is a new exponent, and F is a scaling function. We use Monte Carlo simulation of bond percolation on square lattices to test our proposal and find that it is well satisfied with a=0.14(1) for R>2. We also propose superscaling for other critical quantities.     

Temperature scaling of absorption coefficients

A recently published conversion of room temperature absorption coefficients to absorption cross-sections at standard temperature, may lead to large errors due to inadequate temperature scaling. Specific examples are given and the general relation for temperature scaling of absorption coefficients is derived. Application is presented to temperature profiling of the atmospheres using differential absorption lidar measurements.     

On the NN final-state interaction in the <Superscript>16</Superscript>O (e,e<Superscript>′</Superscript>pp) reaction

The influence of the mutual interaction between the two outgoing nucleons (NN-FSI) in the ¹⁶O(e, e'pp) reaction has been investigated. Results for various kinematics are discussed. In general, the effect of NN-FSI depends on kinematics and the chosen final state in the excitation spectrum of ¹⁴C. Received: 19 December 2002 / Accepted: 6 February 2003 / Published online: 15 April 2003     

Excited states of muonium in atomic hydrogen

Muonium formation in excited states in muon-hydrogen charge-exchange collision is investigated using a method developed in a previous paper. Differential cross-section results are found to resemble positronium formation cross-section results of positron—hydrogen charge-exchange problem. Forward differential and integrated cross-sections are computed for muon energy of 2 keV and higher. Total muonium formation cross-sections are computed using Jackson and Schiff scaling rules. Muonium formation cross-section results obtained from proton—hydrogen charge-exchange cross-section results, using velocity scaling are compared with the results of the present calculation     

Positron impact ionisation of He ion

Triple differential cross-sections (TDCS) of a hydrogenic (He⁺) ion has been studied by positron impact using coplaner geometry for both symmetric and asymmetric kinematics in the intermediate and medium high incident energy region. TDCS has also been studied of He⁺ ion by electron impact for symmetric kinematics taking account of the electron exchange effect. The final state wavefunction is chosen as the correlated 3-body Coulomb wavefunction satisfying the exact asymptotic boundary condition. The long range Coulomb interaction in the initial channel between the ionic target and the projectile has also been taken into account properly. For positron impact, the collision is found to be almost recoilless at lower incident energies, in contrast to the strong recoil peak noted in the case of electron impact ionisation. For electron impact, the exchange effect is found to be significantly high for equal energy sharing in the final channel. Received 10 July 1999 and Received in final form 7 December 1999     

Approach to scaling in the scattering of composite systems

We show that scattering cross-sections for composite systems approach a scaling limit when multiple scattering effects are taken into account, provided that the scattering of their constituents scales. Primary collisions between constituents are assumed to be multiperipheral-like.