CmⅠ偶宇称原子光谱的PLS—BPN方法研究

应用模式识别和人工神经网络相合的ＰＬＳ－ＢＰＮ方法，重新研究了ＣｍⅠ偶宇称原子光谱组态归属问题，解决了前人用ＫＮＮ等早期模式识别方法以及ＣＰＮ神经网络方法进行时的遗留问题。还就一个文献报导为已知的能级，对其组态归属提出了质凝。     

PuⅠ偶宇称光谱能级的模式识别研究

本文利用偏最小二乘法（ＰＬＳ）－反向传播网络（ＢＰＮ）方程对ＰｕⅠ偶宇称光谱有级进行了指认,结果与实验相符。表明ＰＬＳ－ＢＰＮ可用于复杂子光谱能级归属的分类。     

CmⅡ偶宇称光谱能级的模式识别研究

利用模式识别的主成分分析法对ＣｍⅡ偶宇称光谱的电子组态进行了分类，得出了５ｆ＾８７ｓ，５ｆ＾８６ｄ，５ｆ＾７７ｓ７０，５ｆ＾７６ｄ７ｐ各组态间的分类判别，并利用所得分类判据分析了谱线的能级，同位素位移，总角动量量子数和Ｌａｎｄｅ因子对谱线归属的综合影响。结果表明：选择适当的模式识别方法和空间投影，寻找组态间的分类判据，可以有效地对原子光谱的电子组态进行分类和预报。     

NAB和NYAB晶体的斯塔克能级

在液氮温度下测量ＮＡＢ和ＮＹＡＢ的全波段吸收光谱，并由此初步指认了ＮＡＢ和ＮＹＡＢ的斯塔克能级，利用Ｊ－Ｒ理论首次对ＮＡＢ和ＮＹＡＢ的斯塔克能级进行了全谱项拟合计算，并作了正确的指认。     

推求j—j耦合谱项的一种新方法—因式化法

推求ｊ－ｊ耦合谱项对于研究重核原子的结构和光谱十分重要，但用人工方法推算其谱项困难很大，其难点和关键在于推算组合组态（ｊ）＾ｎ）ｊ的Ｊ值，我们采用一种新的方法“因式化法”解决了这一难题，该法利用结构化的ＴＲＵＥＢＡＳＩＣ语言编制了计算程序，并在ＰＣ－３８６ＤＸ微机上通过。利用本程序可快速，准确，清晰地推算各种等效电子组态ｊ－ｊ耦合谱项的Ｊ值。同时在程序中对计算结果进行了验证。     

推求j－j耦合谱项的一种新方法──因式化法

推求ｊ－ｊ耦合谱项对于研究重核原子的结构和光谱十分重要，但用人工方法推算其谱项困难很大。其难点和关键在于推算组合组态［（ｊ）ｎ］Ｊ的Ｊ值。我们采用一种新的方法“因式化法”解决了这一难题。该法利用结构化的ＴＲＵＥＢＡＳＩＣ语言编制了计算程序，并在ＰＣ－３８６ＤＸ微机上通过。利用本程序可快速、准确、清晰地推算各种等效电子组态ｊ－ｊ耦合谱项的Ｊ值。同时在程序中对计算结果进行了验证。     

ER－200D－SRC型EPR谱仪微机系统的改造

详细叙述了德国ＢＲＵＫＥＲ分析仪器公司ＥＲ－２００Ｄ－ＳＲＣ型ＥＰＲ谱仪与ＩＢＭＰＣ／３８６微机联机的软硬件系统，该系统综合了仪器的自动磁场扫描控制，数据采集累加和数据分析处理及数据绘图、打印等各项功能。其硬件由ＩＢＭＰＣ／３８６微机及二大接口模块组成。一块为商品化的１２位Ａ／Ｄ、Ｄ／Ａ接口卡，另一块为自行设计的以ＩＮＴＥＬ－８２５５可编程通用接口电路为主体的数字量输入输出控制接口卡，可分别独立地插入ＰＣ机的扩展槽中，其软件采用Ｃ语言编写，具有菜单式、结构化、模块化、汉字工作提示、实验数据实时屏幕绘图、实验参数实时显示等特点，用户界面良好，该系统恢复并提高了原谱仪的整体性能，具有一定的推广价值。     

JA96－866 ICAPQ与IBM PC286的接口设计

本文设计了Ｊａｒｒｅｌｌ－Ａｓｈ９６—８６６型电感耦合氩等离子炬光电直读光谱仪与ＩＢＭＰＣ２８６微型计算机的接口适配电路，用汇编语言编写了相应的支持程序，从而实现了该光谱仪由ＤＥＣＰＤＰ８Ａ向ＩＢＭＰＣ２８６的计算机换型改造。     

Authors Index to Volume B5

ＡｕｔｈｏｒｓＩｎｄｅｘｔｏＶｏｌｕｍｅＢ５ＡＮＨｏｎｇｌｉｎ－－（６），５０１ＢＡＯＧｕｏｊＵｎ－－（ｌ），８ＢＡＯＪｉａｓｈａｎ－－（ｌ），４３ＣＡＩＢａｎｇｗｅｉ－－（４），３６３ＣＡＯａｃｉｎｇ－－（１），９４ＣＡＯＱｉｎｇ－－（５），４３９...     

傅里叶红外光谱研究血清白蛋白构象

用傅里叶红外光谱法研究了ＢＳＡ及其水溶液的红外光谱。通过对其酰胺Ｉ带傅里叶自转积谱分析,为其及部分水溶液中的二级结构构象进行了指认。结果表明,ＢＳＡ水溶液状态与固态时的二级结构是不同的。随着溶液浓度的降低,酰胺Ｉ带二级结构峰存在明显的位移现象,即１６０９．８６ｃｍ＾－１位移到１６０８．２４ｃｍ＾－１,１６３３．８５位移到１６３８．３６ｃｍ＾－１,１６５３．６９ｃｍ＾－１位移到１６５６．１０ｃｍ＾－     

几种超弹性多次碰撞的讨论

本文分析了几种超弹性碰撞多次连续碰撞的过程，以期对照弹性碰撞的进一步理解．实现这些物理过程对物理教学是相当有趣的．     

Coupling Between Spin and Gravitational Field and Equation of Motion of Spin

In general relativity, the equation of motion of the spin is given by the equation of parallel transport, which is a result of the space-time geometry. Any result of the space-time geometry cannot be directly applied to gauge theory of gravity. In gauge theory of gravity, based on the viewpoint of the coupling between the spin and gravitational field,an equation of motion of the spin is deduced. In the post Newtonian approximation, it is proved that this equation gives the same result as that of the equation of parallel transport. So, in the post Newtonian approximation, gauge theory of gravity gives out the same prediction on the precession of orbiting gyroscope as that of general relativity.     

稀土发光和光谱理论的研究进展

简述了近20多年以来我们在稀土发光和光谱理论方面所做的主要工作、取得的进展和成果。包括:(1)关于(4f)^N组态内单光子跃迁强度:推广Judd-Ofelt三参量公式,在其中计入"J混合"(偶宇称晶场成分造成的)导致的修正;澄清了国际上关于Judd-Ofelt全参量公式中"静力学项"和"动力学项"相对正负号的争论(仍为负号)。(2)关于(4f)^N组态内双光子过程强度:提出直接计算强度方法(放弃缔合近似,利用Ce³⁺的5d和左邻RE³⁺的(4f)^N能级-波函资料,近似模拟出最重要的虚中间组态(4f)^N-15d的能级-波函结构)来讨论和改进Judd-Ofelt缔合近似。(3)固体中声子辅助的稀土离子间能量传输理论:发现HLO理论关于单声子过程中的"干涉相消"实际只适合于对角过程,而非对角过程则是"干涉相加",因而,后者首要的是单声子而非双声子过程;同时,用"晶体格波模"取代"Debye模"描述能量传输中的声子,给出了新模型下计算对角和非对角过程速率等物理量的整套公式。并由之看出:波矢q=0和对应色散曲线扁平段的光学声子对单声子非对角过程速率有完全不能忽略的贡献,这些都不同于或超出于HLO理论。(4)提出和发展了分析指认4f-5d跃迁光谱的简单理论模型,用能量和跃迁强度同时进行近似拟合,成功地分析指认了从(4f)³到(4f)¹³离子在几种基质中的4f→5d吸收(激发)谱,也成功用于若干5d→4f辐射谱。(5)对跃迁的初末晶场态同时引用有效自旋哈密顿描述稀土离子间超交换作用,成功地解释了低温10 K时立方结构的纯稀土冰晶石晶体Cs₂NaLnCl₆(Ln=Er,Yb)等的吸收谱中0声子线(量级为几个cm^-1)的精细分裂。     

迈克尔逊干涉仪实验中的三个问题

本文对在大学物理实验迈克尔逊干涉仪调节和使用题目中被教师忽略却常被学生提出的三个问题进行了细致分析和讨论，并给出了解决建议。     

Luminescence of silver chloride microcrystals upon photoexcitation by different methods

The luminescence spectra of AgCl microcrystals were measured in two different regimes: in the regime of excitation of stationary luminescence and in the regime of photostimulated burst of luminescence. Differences between the spectra of stationary luminescence and the spectra of photostimulated-luminescence burst in the range between 430 and 590 nm have been found. The luminescence spectra are complex; the ratio of intensities for elementary components changes with the technique of excitation. Differences in the form and composition of complex luminescence bands obtained under different conditions of registration are attributed to the recombination interaction of the luminescence centers. It is shown that analysis of the dependences of intensity ratios for the elementary components of a complex luminescence band on the exciting-radiation intensity allows one to evaluate the mechanism of recombination in elementary bands provided that the mechanism is known for at least one luminescence band.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 1, pp. 85–89. January–February, 2005.     

The Antikythera mechanism and the mechanical universe

Astronomers have two approaches to trying to determine the age of the Universe. They can estimate the ages of individual objects in the Universe and specifically in our Galaxy. These estimates use either the observed properties of stars and theoretical ideas concerning stellar evolution or the abundances of long-lived radioactive isotopes and their decay products. Alternatively they can use cosmological theories and observations to try to determine the age of the entire Universe. Obviously the Universe must be older than its component parts but neither of the above methods is sufficiently reliable that this is true of the deduced ages. As a result, it is from time to time reported that some object in the Universe is older than the Universe itself. In this article we discuss the methods that are currently being used to determine the age and we emphasize the problems in obtaining reliable results. It is not at present possible to provide a definite value for the age of the Universe.     

对质点系角动量定理的讨论

对理论力学教材中角动量定理的各种不同表达式进行了归纳、比较、讨论、明确了它们之间的区别、联系及其适用条件。     

First approximation to the Hugoniot equation of state of the lanthanides

Summary The semi-empirical Hugoniot equation of state is obtained by using the third-order tangency between the isentropic and the Hugoniot curves at the origin of coordinates. The results of this model are in good agreement with Carter’s experimental data for fourteen elements from the lanthanides series in the lower phase only. Due to postal troubles with Lebanon, it was impossible to send proffs to the author as he requested.     

正态分布随机数发生器及其在模拟光传输软件中的应用

 利用计算机高级语言提供的伪随机数发生器,通过“高斯筛选”和“求平均值”两种方法,开发出满足正态分布的随机数发生器。将其应用于分析大型激光装置光路稳定性的模拟软件中,成功地完成了对“神光Ⅲ原型装置四程放大器”的光路稳定性分析。     

Coupling Between Spin and Gravitational Field and Equation of Motion of Spin

In general relativity, the equation of motion of the spin is given by the equation of parallel transport, which is a result of the space-time geometry. Any result of the space-time geometry cannog be directly applied to gauge theory of gravity. In gauge theory of gravity, based on the viewpoint of the coupling between the spin and gravitational field, an equation of motlon of the spin is deduced. In the post Newtonian approximation, it is proved that this equation gives the same result as that of the equation of parallel transport. So, in the post Newtonian approximation, gauge theory of gravity gives out the same prediction on the precession of orbiting gyroscope as that of general relativity.