求解隐式差分方程的加速迭代并行算法

1、引言 近年来,求解抛物型方程的有限差分并行迭代算法有了较大发展．针对稳定性好且难于并行化的隐式差分方程,文第一次提出了构造分段隐式的思想,建立了分段显-隐式（ASE-Ⅰ）方法和交替分段Crank-Nicolson（ASC-N）方法,实现了分而治之原则,     

分段函数的连续可导性

讨论了分段函数的连续可导性,得到了一个分段函数具有任意阶导数的充分条件,并介绍了一个求分段函数在其分段点处n阶导数的公式     

分段双加权伪概周期函数及其分解唯一性

介绍了分段双加权伪概周期函数的概念.分段双加权伪概周期函数可以看做是分段加权伪概周期函数的推广也可以认为是双加权伪概周期函数的推广.首先给出分段双加权伪概周期函数的概念,然后介绍几个分段双加权伪概周期函数的几个性质:分解唯一性,分段双加权遍历空间的平移不变性.     

高中数学分段函数浅析

所谓分段函数指的是自变量在不同的取值范围内,有不同的表达式．分段函数由于是分段定义的,与一般函数有着明显的区别,学生往往受负迁移的影响,且在教材中是以例题形式出现的,并未作深入说明,同学们容易对此认识不清或思维片面产生解题错误．本文就分段函数作一肤浅的探讨,有关问题整理、归纳如下：     

关于“分段点”可导性判定的一个定理

如何判断分段函数在分段点处可导性,并求出导数?通常的作法(1)先判断连续性,若不连续,必不可导.(2)如果连续,再按导数的定义求导,由于在分段点两侧,函数表达式可能不同,则一般要通过计算分段点处左右导数来判断.实际上,在函数连续的基础上,可借助导函数在分段点处的极限,来判定并求出分段点的导数.这是因为有如下的定理:     

分段函数的分类及分离型分段函数与初等函数之间的关系

将分段函数划分为连结型分段函数 ,分离型分段函数和它们的组合形式三种类型 ,得到了分离型分段函数是初等函数的充分必要条件 ,完整地解决了分离型分段函数与初等函数之间的关系 ,并且给出了初等函数在其任一截取集上的限制函数 (截取函数 )仍然是初等函数的结果     

理解分段函数含义 领悟其研究方法

<正>分段函数在教材中是以例题的形式出现的,并未作深入说明.所谓"分段函数",习惯上指在定义域的不同部分,有不同的对应法则的函数.对它应有以下两点基本认识:(1)分段函数是一个函数,不要把它误认为是几个函数;(2)分段函数的定义域是各段定义域的并集,值域是各段值域的并集.下文谈谈领悟研究分段函数的方法.1.求分段函数的函数值求分段函数的函数值时,首先应确定自变     

例说分段函数的性质

高中数学教材中虽然给出了分段函数的定义,但对此类函数的性质未作深入系统地介绍,而在高考试题中却频繁地出现,因此,关注分段函数的性质及其应用很有必要.以下举例说明.     

分段Koszul代数, II

本文继续研究了分段Koszul 代数. 具体地, 给出了一些分段Koszul 代数的判定准则; 作为构造更多分段Koszul 代数例子的尝试, 讨论了分段Koszul 代数的“单点扩张” 和“H-Galois 分次扩张”, 其中H 是有限维的半单余半单Hopf 代数.     

船体不规则分段的动态空间调度算法

提出了一种基于遗传算法的针对船体不规则分段的动态空间调度方法。基于遗传算法和临界多边形算法直接对不规则分段进行优化调度，提高空间的利用率。首先，利用遗传算法产生多个可行的分段调度序列。然后，基于临界多边形算法及重心最低策略，根据分段调度序列一一确定各不规则分段的空间位置。充分考虑到空间调度问题所特有的动态性和时空关联性，同时以场地利用率和未延迟加工分段所占比例的综合加权和作为评价函数，实现了调度方案的全局优化。以江苏澄西船厂大型散货船的119个不规则分段作为实验数据，并通过多个算法的比较，发现该动态调度算法可以快速收敛得到较优解，并且在空间利用率和延迟分段指标上有了提高，最终可以得到比较理想的调度结果，证明了所提方法在动态空间调度问题上的有效性和优越性。     

Scan Statistics on Enron Graphs

We introduce a theory of scan statistics on graphs and apply the ideas to the problem of anomaly detection in a time series of Enron email graphs. Previous presentation: Workshop on Link Analysis, Counterterrorism and Security at the SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, Newport Beach, CA, April 23, 2005. Carey E. Priebe received the B.S. degree in mathematics from Purdue University in 1984, the M.S. degree in computer science from San Diego State University in 1988, and the Ph.D. degree in information technology (computational statistics) from George Mason University in 1993. From 1985 to 1994 he worked as a mathematician and scientist in the US Navy research and development laboratory system. Since 1994 he has been a professor in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. At Johns Hopkins, he holds joint appointments in the Department of Computer Science and the Center for Imaging Science. He is a past President of the Interface Foundation of North America—Computing Science & Statistics, a past Chair of the Section on Statistical Computing of the American Statistical Association, and on the editorial boards of Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, and Computational Statistics. His research interests are in computational statistics, kernel and mixture estimates, statistical pattern recognition, statistical image analysis, and statistical inference for high-dimensional and graph data. He was elected Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 2002. John M. Conroy received a B.S. in Mathematics from Saint Joseph's University in 1980 and a Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics from the University of Maryland in 1986. Since then he has been a research staff member for the IDA Center for Computing Sciences in Bowie, MD. His research interest is applications of numerical linear algebra. He is a member of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the Association for Computational Linguistics. David J. Marchette received a B.A. in 1980, and an M.A. in mathematics in 1982, from the University of California at San Diego. He received a Ph.D. in Computational Sciences and Informatics in 1996 from George Mason University under the direction of Ed Wegman. From 1985–1994 he worked at the Naval Ocean Systems Center in San Diego doing research on pattern recognition and computational statistics. In 1994 he moved to the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Dahlgren Virginia where he does research in computational statistics and pattern recognition, primarily applied to image processing, text processing, automatic target recognition and computer security. Dr. Marchette is a Fellow of the American Statistical Society. Youngser Park received the B.E. degree in electrical engineering from Inha University in Korea in 1985, the M.S. degree in computer science from The George Washington University in 1991, and had pursued a doctoral degree there. From 1998 to 2000 he worked at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes as a senior research engineer. Since 2003 he is working as a research analyst in the Center for Imaging Science at the Johns Hopkins University. His research interests are clustering algorithm, pattern classification, and data mining.     

基于平行DEA模型的我国小学教育资源配置效率分析

小学教育是教育阶段的基础,也是我国强制教育的一部分。但如何在各省份性别比例相差较大的情况下,更加有效的提高各省份小学教育资源配置效率是一个值得思考的问题。为了避免性别带来的影响,可以通过平行结构DEA模型根据学生性别分为两个平行子系统,来衡量我国2012~2018年各省份小学教育的资源配置情况。研究发现大部分省份小学教育资源配置的总系统效率未达到有效边界,仍有需要改进的地方。男学生在小学教育阶段的效率通常优于女学生在小学教育阶段的效率,但随着近些年我国教育体制的日益完善,女学生在小学教育阶段的效率呈上升趋势。此外,我国西部地区的小学教育资源配置效率在一些年份普遍优于东部和中部地区,而中部地区和东部地区小学教育总系统效率相对稳定,西部地区小学教育总系统效率波动较大。     

等参函数及相关问题研究

著名的Yau 猜想断言单位球面中的紧致嵌入极小超曲面的Laplace 算子的第一特征值等于其维数. 近年来有许多几何学家致力于对Yau 猜想的研究, 但是到目前为止, 已有的结论只是一些关于第一特征值估计的不等式. 作为本文的一个主要结果, 本文证明了对于单位球面中的等参极小超曲面,Yau 猜想是正确的. 进一步地, 对于等参超曲面的焦流形(实际上是球面的极小子流形), 本文还证明了在一定维数条件下, 它的第一特征值也是其维数.
作为本文的第二个主要结果, 以著名的Schoen-Yau-Gromov-Lawson 的关于数量曲率的手术理论为出发点, 本文在一个Riemann 流形的嵌入超曲面处作手术, 构造了一个新的具有丰富几何性质的流形, 称为double 流形. 特别地, 本文在单位球面的极小等参超曲面处实行了这一手术, 发现得到的double 流形不仅有很复杂的拓扑(但其示性类有精确描述), 还存在数量曲率为正的度量, 更重要的是保持了等参叶状结构.
比Willmore 曲面更广泛的定义是Willmore 子流形, 即Willmore 泛函在球面中的的极值子流形.单位球面中的Willmore 子流形的例子在已有文献中是非常罕见的. 作为本文的另外两个主要结果, 通过深入挖掘单位球面上的OT-FKM- 型等参函数的焦流形的性质, 本文发现其极大值对应的焦流形是单位球面的一系列Willmore 子流形; 之后, 本文用几何办法统一证明了单位球面中具有4 个不同主曲率的等参超曲面的焦流形都是单位球面的Willmore 子流形. 这些新的Willmore 子流形是极小的,但一般不是Einstein 的.     

创业企业控制权模式选择研究

创业企业家和风险投资家因为控制权模式不合理所导致的矛盾在我国普遍存在。为解决该问题,本文通过研究创业企业家与风险投资家在博弈过程中的控制权策略选择及由此决定的控制权模式,运用演化博弈理论中复制动态的方法分析发现:(1)创业企业家和风险投资家在选择是否争取控制权的博弈结果是联合控制或相机控制;(2)项目成功概率、风险投资家获取的剩余索取权增加时收敛于联合控制,反之则收敛于相机控制;当项目成功的概率大于50%时,固定收益减少收敛于联合控制,创业企业产出增加收敛于联合控制,反则收敛于相机控制。最后,通过CV Source数据库样本数据对模型结论进行了实证检验,检验结果与理论模型的主要结论相一致。研究结论对于指导我国创业企业控制权模式合理选择具有一定的实践意义。     

产能约束对闭环供应链回收渠道选择的影响

在制造商存在产能约束下,建立了再制造闭环供应链回收渠道决策的Stackelberg博弈模型,得出了三种回收渠道下的回收率、零售价以及制造商、零售商和供应链的利润,分析了制造商的生产能力对回收渠道决策的影响。研究表明:存在产能约束时,制造商回收渠道中的回收率总是最高的,这与无产能约束时零售商回收渠道中回收率最高的情况明显不同;同时,若废旧产品回收转移支付价格较低,制造商会选择自己回收,此时的零售价最低,制造商、零售商和供应链利润最高;若回收转移支付价格较高,制造商会选择零售商回收,此时的零售价最低,制造商和供应链利润最高。     

Sur la détermination d'une relation binaire à partir d'informations locales

This paper deals with the problematic aspect of the reconstruction of binary relations: it includes all the questions raising the possibility or impossibility to determine a structure by gathering given substructures. It is the continuation of three studies: the first made by G. Lopez [9] in 1972 about the determination of a binary relation through the types of isomorphism of its restrictions, the second made by K. B. Reid and C. Thomassen [15] in 1976 about the strongly self-complementary tournaments (every subtournament is self-complementary), the third made by C. Thomassen [16] in 1989 about the cycle space of a tournament. In the second section, we use the notion of class of difference (which was introduced in [9]) to extend a study made in [16] to binary relations. Then, in the third section, we improve the result of this last study in the case of the tournaments. After noticing that the result of [15] inferred itself naturally from the approach developed in [9], we extend, in the fourth section, the study made in [15] to binary relations.     

Dynamical Spin Susceptibility in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">t-J</Emphasis> Model: The Memory Function Method

Based on the method of the equations of motion for the relaxation function in terms of Hubbard operators, we evaluate the dynamical spin susceptibility for the t-J model in the paramagnetic phase. Using a Mori-type projection technique, we express the relaxation function in terms of the second-order memory function, which is evaluated in the approximation of coupled modes for hole excitations and spin fluctuations in the fourth order in the hopping parameter t and the exchange interaction J. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 145, No. 2, pp. 240–255, November, 2005.     

强化学习在运筹学的应用:研究进展与展望

强化学习已经成为人工智能领域一个新的研究热点,并已成功应用于各领域,强化学习将运筹优化领域的很多问题视为序贯决策问题,建模为马尔可夫决策过程并进行求解,在求解复杂、动态、随机运筹优化问题具有较大的优势。本文主要对强化学习在运筹优化领域的应用进行综述,首先介绍了强化学习的基本原理及其应用于运筹优化领域的研究框架,然后回顾并总结了强化学习在库存控制、路径优化、装箱配载和车间作业调度等方面的研究成果,并将最新的深度强化学习以及传统方法在运筹学领域的应用研究进行了对比分析,以突出深度强化学习的优越性。最后提出几个值得进一步探讨的研究方向,期望能为强化学习在运筹优化领域的研究提供参考。     

An alternative to the Kelvin decomposition for plane anisotropic elasticity

In this paper, we propose an alternative tensorial decomposition to the Kelvin's one (introduced by Kelvin in 1856) for plane anisotropic elasticity using the polar formalism (introduced by Verchery in 1979). In the first part of the paper, a parallel between the two approaches is proposed. Thanks to it, some new results are found; namely, the projectors introduced have a direct interpretation in terms of material symmetry and are intrinsic for any type of symmetry considered, that is, they do not depend on any elastic modulus for any type of symmetry, unlike in the Kelvin decomposition. The introduction of what we call, in the paper, the polar projectors, stresses and strains gives a new insight into the polar formalism. The results proposed in this paper will hopefully be useful in some cases, for example, in the modeling of anisotropic damage evolution in solids. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reduction in mean residual life in the presence of a constant competing risk

The addition of a constant ‘competing risk’ corresponding to an additional, usually less significant, source of failure, frequently improves the fit in reliability and survival analysis. This is often termed a ‘lift’, as the effect is to increase the hazard rate (HR) function by a constant, which does not, of course, change the shape and hence the turning points of the HR function. However, lifting the HR function does not, in general, mean lowering the corresponding mean residual life (MRL) function by a constant, and so the MRL turning points, unlike those of the HR function are not invariant. The MRL turning points are used in, for example, defining burn‐in procedures in reliability engineering, and determining premiums in insurance. Hence, it is of interest to examine the changes in the shape of the MRL function, and in the locations of its turning points, resulting from a lift in the HR function. We discuss these problems in detail, with reference to a number of common distributions in reliability and mortality modeling. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.