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稀土在电沉积锌—镍合金中的作用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
锌—镍合金镀层具有耐蚀性高、低氢脆性和与基体的结合力好等特性 ,是良好的防护性镀层。当合金镀层的镍含量在 7~ 1 8% (质量 )时 ,镀层的耐蚀性最高 ,因此它可代替传统的锌镀层、锡镀层和镉镀层而广泛应用于电镀汽车钢板、航空航天及家电等行业[1~ 3] 。稀土元素 ( RE)包括了 1 5个镧系元素和钇元素 ,共 1 6个元素。由于稀土元素具有独特的电子层结构和化学性能 ,使稀土及其化合物在材料科学领域中的应用越来越广泛 ,尤其是稀土在电沉积过程中的研究及应用正日趋深入。文献资料表明 ,在电镀溶液中加入少量的稀土化合物后 ,可以改善镀液… 相似文献
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稀土添加剂对镀铬质量的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对普通电镀镀层光亮性和结合强度差, 分散性和沉积速度低的实际, 应用远近阴极的研究方法, 系统地研究了稀土添加剂在常温和中温镀铬时对镀层光亮性、镀液分散性、离子的沉积速度和电流效率的影响, 实验结果表明稀土添加剂在中温镀铬时, 对镀层的光亮性、镀液的分散性、离子沉积速度和电流效率均有增强作用, 常温时对电流效率和离子沉积速度有较大的增强作用. 对电镀铬综合性能提高较大的稀土为Pr6O11, CeO2. 相似文献
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电镀工业中,为了改善镀层性能,通常需要在电镀液中加入适量电镀添加剂,起到稳定镀液、细化结晶、提高分散能力与深镀能力、增加镀层光亮性等作用~([1]).添加剂的含量直接影响着电镀产品的质量,因而能否在生产过程中及时准确地监测其浓度变化是控制电镀过程的至关晕要的环节.常见组分采用化学滴定、高效液相~([2,3])等方法分类测定,相比而言,离子色谱法能同时完成的分析,优势更为明显~([4,5]).本研究建立了一种简单易行的离子色谱方法,同时测定了电镀液中弱保留组分和易极化离子S_2O_3~(2-)和SCN~-,使得电镀槽液的组分变化的监测更为精确且更加实时化. 相似文献
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镀液中Ce^3+离子对锡镀层结构缺陷和可焊性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用荧光分析法、X光电子能谱法(XPS)及正电子湮没寿命谱法(PALS)等研究了从含硫酸铈添加剂的酸性光亮锡镀液获得的锡镀层结构缺陷与可焊性的关系。结果表明,电镀时Ce与Sn不发生共沉积,Ce~(3+)的主要作用是阻化Sn~(2+)的水解和氧化使镀液稳定,因而使锡镀层纯度提高、结构致密、表层氧含量减少,有利于提高镀层的可焊性。当Ce~(3+)浓度控制在3.5g/L左右时,可使镀层结构缺陷较少,可焊性较佳,说明结构缺陷是影响锡镀层可焊性的直接原因。 相似文献
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锌镀液中微量稀土元素的测定 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
新显色剂均三溴偶氮胂已被广泛应用于多种物料中稀土的测定.洛阳工学院有色研究室改进热镀锌的工艺,在原锌镀液中加入微量稀土元素,可使锌镀液的粘度降低,并使镀层减薄,在同等条件下,比原镀液镀出的镀件耐蚀性提高1.5倍,且粗糙度也得到改善。为研究稀土的适宜加入量及有关工艺条件,需对其稀土元素的含量作快速而准确的分析。本文对此进行了试验、探讨并确定了分析方法。 相似文献
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电解铜箔表面电沉积Zn-Ni-P-La合金工艺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了缓解我国高性能铜箔依靠进口的局面,进行了将类金属(P)和稀土金属(La)引入电解铜箔锌镍合金镀层中以获得高耐腐蚀性铜箔的实验。 利用电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等技术手段分析镀层质量。 在最佳工艺下获得非晶态Zn-Ni-P-La合金镀层,镀层表面平整均匀、结晶致密,未钝化的情况下,铜箔镀件在180 ℃烘箱中保持1 h不变色,表现出较理想的抗氧化和抗腐蚀能力。 表明镀层中适量的P和稀土La对改善镀层质量有着重要的作用,具有较好的工业应用前景。 相似文献
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The effects of bath composition and deposition variables on the electrodeposition of Zn–Ni–P alloys were studied in order to develop a single bath for deposition of Ni–P/Zn–Ni compositionally modulated multilayer coatings (CMMCs). The basis for development of the bath was a large increase in the Ni deposition rate compared to that of Zn at low deposition overpotentials combined with the impossibility of codeposition of Zn with P. EDS analysis demonstrated that the deposits obtained from the Zn–Ni–P bath at low overpotentials were practically all Ni–P, while the alloy deposited at high overpotentials was mainly Zn–Ni with around 3.2 wt% P content. 相似文献
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Ni-Mo合金电沉积层织构及形成机理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在组成为:0.22mol/L硫酸镍、0.06mol/L钼酸钠和0.3mol/L柠檬酸钠的溶液,于纯铜片上采用恒电流沉积,所得Ni-Mo合金沉积层经X射线衍射测定,结果表明在温度为25℃~50℃,电流密度为10mA·cm-2~30mA·cm-2范围,Ni-Mo合金沉积层表现为(111)择优取向.循环伏安和电位阶跃实验表明镍钼合金电结晶过程按照连续成核和三维生长方式进行.Ni-Mo合金电沉积过程的电化学交流阻抗谱表明Ni-Mo共沉积过程经历了吸附中间产物步骤,由于吸附态物种氢氧化镍和钼的氧化物将阻化晶粒(111)晶面的生长,从而使镍钼沉积层表现为(111)择优取向. 相似文献
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An additive-free Watts type bath containing micron- and nano-SiC particles (1 μm and 20 nm respectively), as well as ultrafine-WC
particles (200 nm), was used for the production of pure Ni and nickel matrix composite electrocoatings under both direct and
pulse current conditions. Moreover, nickel nanocrystalline deposits were obtained from a Watts type bath containing small
amounts of 2-butyne-1,4-diol, in order to investigate the combined advantages of additives and pulse technique on the properties
of the deposits. The influence of the variable electrolysis parameters, the particle size and the organic additive concentration
on the surface morphology, the structure and properties of the deposits were discussed. It has been proved that the application
of pulse electrodeposition affects drastically the structural characteristics and properties of the deposits and under well-defined
conditions could lead to the preparation of nanostructured materials with improved mechanical properties.
Published in Russian in Elektrokhimiya, 2008, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 802–811.
The text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
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乙酰胺-尿素-NaBr熔体中Gd-Ni合金的电化学制备 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
熔盐电解法制取稀土合金功能材料具有低成本等优点.本文选取353 K的乙酰胺-尿素-NaB r熔体,应用循环伏安法研究镍于该熔体(含0.063 mol.L-3N iC l2)、Pt、Cu电极上的还原.实验表明,N i(Ⅱ)+2 eN i(0)是一步完全不可逆反应,测得在Pt上N i(Ⅱ)的传递系数α=0.28,扩散系数D0=4.63×10-5cm2.s-1,Cu上α=0.22,D0=6.05×10-7cm2.s-1.以Cu作基体,Gd(Ⅲ)于该熔体不能单独还原为Gd(0),但可以被N i(Ⅱ)诱导共沉积.由恒电位法电解得到的Gd-N i合金,Gd(0)的含量随电解电位、Gd(Ⅲ)/N i(Ⅱ)摩尔比及电解时间的变化而变化.控制电解电位为-0.75 V,Gd(Ⅲ)/N i(Ⅱ)摩尔比为1∶1,电解20 m in.所得合金膜是非晶态的. 相似文献
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Nanocrystalline Ni‐Mo‐Fe alloy deposits were obtained by electrode‐position. The structures of the alloy deposits were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XRD results of nanocrystalline Ni‐Mo‐Fe alloy deposit show that many diffraction lines disappear, and that there is only one diffraction peak at 44.0°. The XPS results of nanocrystalline Ni‐Mo‐Fe alloy deposits indicate that the nickel, molybdenum and iron of the deposits exist in metallic state, and that the binding energy of the alloyed elements increases to some extent. The nanocrystalline Ni‐Mo‐Fe alloy deposit electrode may offer better electrocatalytic activity than the polycrystalline nickel electrode and the nanocrystalline Ni‐Mo alloy electrode. The electrochemical impedance spectra from the nanocrystalline Ni‐Mo‐Fe alloy electrode indicate that hydrogen evolution in 30% (m/m) KOH at lower overpotential is in accordance with the Vohner‐Tafel mechanism, but with the Vohner‐Heyrovsky mechanism at higher overpotential. 相似文献
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化学镀镍-高磷合金晶化行为的现场XRD研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
从柠檬酸-酒石酸-乳酸-EDTA混合体系中得到含P 12%(质量比)的化学镀高磷Ni-P合金,其差热曲线显示,在350和420 ℃出现两个放热过程.现场XRD分析结果显示,镀层在300 ℃以下保持非晶态结构,在320 ℃之后开始晶化,首先析出介稳的Ni5P2和Ni12P5相,在360 ℃后开始有稳定的Ni3P和Ni相的衍射峰出现, 400 ℃以上只有Ni3P和Ni相. 325 ℃恒温时,镀层在4 min内保持非晶态的衍射特征,随即析出Ni5P2和Ni12P5相, 并在2 h内基本保持不变. 350 ℃恒温时,析出的Ni5P2和Ni12P5介稳相只存在40 min.实验结果表明, DTA曲线上350 ℃的放热峰不仅有非晶相转变为介稳相的过程,也包含部分介稳相转化为稳定相的过程. 相似文献
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T. V. Gaevskaya T. V. Byk L. S. Tsybul'skaya 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2003,76(10):1583-1588
The mechanism of formation of a zinc-nickel alloy under the conditions of normal and anomalous electrochemical codeposition (accompanied by enrichment of the deposit with nickel or zinc) were studied. The manner in which the composition, structure, and properties of the zinc-nickel alloy vary with the electrolyte composition (nature of ligands and molar ratio of codeposited metals) and deposition conditions (potential and current density) was determined. 相似文献