利用瞬态辐射信号峰值重构半透明介质内部特性

本文采用有限体积法模拟超短脉冲激光在一维参与性介质内的传输,得到瞬态辐射信号,即时域反射信号与透信号随时间变化关系,利用透射和反射信号的极值并结合微粒群算法(PSO)反演估算介质内部物性。本文研究了均匀介质时信号极值计算的目标函数随吸收、散射系数变化关系,结果表明采用极值法能够准确地反演均匀介质物性。此外,研究了两层非均匀介质时目标函数随散射系数变化关系。在吸收系数已知时,采用单面照射激光所得信号极值能够反演出两层介质各自的散射系数。最后,本文研究了同时反演两层介质的吸收和散射系数,采用综合反演的方法能够准确地反演出各层介质的吸收和散射系数。     

基于激光布里渊散射的高速气流测试技术

激光布里渊散射是由介质密度涨落引起的一种非弹性散射现象,其散射谱特征参数（频移、线宽）取决于散射角和散射介质压强、温度等参数,通过探测高速气流激光布里渊散射谱,可反演获得高速气流压强、温度等参数。介绍了基于激光布里渊散射原理的高速气流参数测试原理,设计了一种基于法布里 珀罗干涉仪的高速气流参数测试装置,搭建实验平台获取了高速氮气气流的激光布里渊散射谱。实验结果表明,通过激光布里渊散射谱获得的高速气流压强、温度值与理论值相对误差在15%以内。     

基于频域辐射传输模型的光学成像研究

本文以超短脉冲激光照射参与性介质的光学成像为研究背景,分别构建了短脉冲激光在参与性介质内的频域辐射传输正问题模型和根据边界探测所得频域信号重建介质内部光学参数的逆问题模型。在瞬态辐射传输方程的基础上,利用傅里叶变换得到频域辐射传输方程,采用有限体积法求解频域传输方程,模拟超短脉冲激光在二维参与性介质内传输的过程,得到介质边界的出射频域辐射信号。选取共轭梯度法作为反演算法,采用伴随差分模型求解目标函数梯度,重建了二维非均匀参与性介质内不同位置内含物的光学参数分布。结果表明,基于频域辐射传输方程的伴随差分模型能够较为准确地反演多维参与性介质内的光学参数。     

侧面抽运板状激光介质的热汇冷却

高热负荷固体激光介质的热效应已经成为制约激光器功率进一步提高的严重障碍,只有对激光介质进行有效的冷却才能保证其安全运行。以不均匀换热系数模型为基础,研究了具有非均匀内热源的侧面双向抽运板状激光介质在狭窄通道强制对流冷却情况下的耦合换热问题,对热汇冷却方案下介质的温度分布和热应力分布进行了数值模拟和分析,并对复合介质、蓝宝石和金刚石三种热汇材料进行对比。结果表明,忽视换热系数的非均匀性将导致应力计算结果偏低。对于侧面抽运、侧面冷却的激光介质,金刚石热汇冷却方案最佳,蓝宝石热汇方案次之,而复合介质方案不宜采用。     

基于后向散射法测量蒸汽湿度反演算法的优化

为了精准测量汽轮机末级蒸汽湿度，提出在激光后向异轴角散射法的基础上建立蒸汽湿度测量模型和湿蒸汽参数反演优化模型。根据该优化模型采用粒子群算法对加入高斯白噪声的仿真数据和模拟汽缸的实验数据进行反演寻优，并将得到的反演结果与人工鱼群算法和传统的均匀搜索方法进行了对比。采用粒子群算法时r_0.5、K、N的反演结果误差为0.05、0.66和0.51%，反演时间为306.41 s；采用鱼群算法时r_0.5、K、N的反演结果误差为2.96、19.98和4.68%，反演时间为411.05 s；采用均匀搜索算法时r_0.5、K、N的反演结果误差为5.00、27.14和7.95%，反演时间为246.42 s。结果表明:粒子群算法能够克服人工鱼群算法和均匀搜索方法两者的不足，可以在较短时间内获得精度高且稳定可靠的反演结果，为湿蒸汽参数测量提供了更加准确的数据，并对其他颗粒物参数测量反演提供了理论依据。     

蒙特卡罗方法对各向异性介质辐射特性的模拟

本文提出一种计算含微粒半透明介质辐射特性的蒙特卡罗方法，考虑了微粒群的独立多次散射，直接用米氏相函数考虑微粒的各向异性性质，计算了含微粒层的双向反射率与双向透射率。与实验数据和离散座标法的计算结果比较，吻合良好。     

激光介质的多次吸收不均匀内热源模型

针对激光介质的内热源,以多次吸收作用为基础提出了适用于侧面双向泵浦板状激光介质的不均匀内热源模型,即多次吸收不均匀内热源模型,并与均匀内热源和一次吸收内热源模型进行了对比分析。研究表明,介质厚度及光吸收系数组成的无量纲参数不同时,三种内热源模型得到的内热源分布也有所不同。最后给出了内热源不均匀度及多次吸收模型与一次吸收模型之间的差异在不同目标值下的内热源模型适用准则。     

测量透明微粒群参量

设计了测量透明微粒群参量的干涉检测系统,能够有效记录透明颗粒群在1阶彩虹角附近的光强分布,并利用Nussenzveig理论和改进的量子粒子群算法对记录图像进行反演,能够实现透明颗粒群粒径分布和折射率的同时测量．实验结果表明：以Lorenz-Mie理论作为模拟光强信号,利用算法反演模拟的微粒群信号,折射率相对误差为0.02%;通过实验测量粒径为400～600μm的玻璃微珠群,粒径均值的相对偏差为2.8%;对不同浓度乙醇喷雾的折射率进行测量,相对偏差小于0.7%.     

由脉冲波形与传播损失反演海底声速与衰减系数

根据黄海中部一次浅海声学实验获得的脉冲波形和传播损失数据进行海底声速和衰减系数的反演。本文在反演过程中：（1）考虑了海水深度的测量误差对反演结果的影响,并提出了一种消除该影响的方法。（2）反演得到的该海区海底衰减与频率呈非线性关系。（3）本文讨论了非均匀海底模型对海底反演结果的影响。     

离轴微粒场全息术中记录介质分辨率要求

本文从离轴微粒场全息记录光路的一般模型出发,导出了离轴微粒场全息术中记录介质分辨率要求的普遍公式。讨论了三种典型形状微粒对记录介质的分辨率要求。结果表明,除了参考光的倾角外,微粒的尺寸和参、物光的波前曲率差及微粒重心偏离光轴的距离也都是影响记录介质分辨率要求的主要因素。     

关于波导管的格林张量函数

本文以本征函数展开的方法,研究了波导管中格林函数的一般性质和形式。为了得到波导管的本征函数(简正波)和格林张量函数的一些关系,我们首先对格林函数作富氏变换,它的象函数在各向同性介质波导中以并矢形式作为最简单的表达方法,而在充有各向异性介质波导中可以表为ABA⁺e^-ikz₀的形式,这里A是坐标矩阵。用这种方法详细推导了均匀各向同性介质波导中的并矢格林函数。 关键词：     

Dispersionsgleichungen für Oberflächenwellen und verallgemeinerte Brewster-Fälle an der Grenze zu optisch einachsigen Medien

Dispersion Relations for Surface Waves and Generalized Brewster Cases at the Interface to Optic Uniaxial Media The dispersion relation für surface waves and for generalized Brewster cases at the interface between isotropic and optic uniaxial media with arbitrary orientation of the optic axis is derived by means of invariant methods. This is an equation of 4-th degree with respect to the squares of the tangential components of the wave vectors relative to the interface. The amplitude relations for the electric fields of the participating waves are calculated. Special cases concerning the orientation of the optic axis and of the plane of incidence and also the transition to isotropic media are discussed.     

Anomalous postcritical refraction behavior for certain transversely isotropic media

Snell's law at the boundary between two transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI media) can be solved by setting up a fourth order polynomial for the sine of the reflection/transmission angles. This approach reveals the possible presence of an anomalous postcritical angle for certain transversely isotropic media. There are thus possibly three incident angle regimes for the reflection/refraction of longitudinal or transverse waves incident upon a VTI medium: precritical, postcritical/preanomalous, and postanomalous. The anomalous angle occurs for certain strongly anisotropic media where the required root to the phase velocity equation must be switched in order to obey Snell's law. The reflection/transmission coefficients, polarization directions, and the phase velocity are all affected by both the anisotropy and the incident angle. The incident critical angles are also effected by the anisotropy.     

Generalization of the electromagnetic spinor formalism to anisotropic media

We generalize to magnetically isotropic but electrically anisotropic media the spinor formalism previously developed for isotropic media.     

逆Compton散射的MonteCarlo模拟

研究模拟均匀、各向同性介质内的逆康普顿散射过程的Monte Carlo方法,分析电子速度分布乘抽样法和光子散射方向分布乘抽样法的抽样效率,完善电子速度分布的直接抽样法、光子散射能量分布的乘加抽样法.通过对这四种抽样方法抽样费用的分析和比较,得出各种方法的最适条件,该方法可以模拟更高能的辐射.     

Elastic wave field computation in multilayered nonplanar solid structures: a mesh-free semianalytical approach

Multilayered solid structures made of isotropic, transversely isotropic, or general anisotropic materials are frequently used in aerospace, mechanical, and civil structures. Ultrasonic fields developed in such structures by finite size transducers simulating actual experiments in laboratories or in the field have not been rigorously studied. Several attempts to compute the ultrasonic field inside solid media have been made based on approximate paraxial methods like the classical ray tracing and multi-Gaussian beam models. These approximate methods have several limitations. A new semianalytical method is adopted in this article to model elastic wave field in multilayered solid structures with planar or nonplanar interfaces generated by finite size transducers. A general formulation good for both isotropic and anisotropic solids is presented in this article. A variety of conditions have been incorporated in the formulation including irregularities at the interfaces. The method presented here requires frequency domain displacement and stress Green's functions. Due to the presence of different materials in the problem geometry various elastodynamic Green's functions for different materials are used in the formulation. Expressions of displacement and stress Green's functions for isotropic and anisotropic solids as well as for the fluid media are presented. Computed results are verified by checking the stress and displacement continuity conditions across the interface of two different solids of a bimetal plate and investigating if the results for a corrugated plate with very small corrugation match with the flat plate results.     

Anomalous wave propagation in quasiisotropic media

Based on boundary conditions and dispersion relations, the anomalous propagation of waves incident from regular isotropic media into quasiisotropic media is investigated. It is found that the anomalous negative refraction, anomalous total reflection and oblique total transmission can occur in the interface associated with quasiisotropic media. The Brewster angles of E- and H-polarized waves in quasiisotropic media are also discussed. It is shown that the propagation properties of waves in quasiisotropic media are significantly different from those in isotropic and anisotropic media.     

Surface optical solitons of self-induced transparency in indefinite media

The nonlinear surface TM-modes propagating along the interface separating an isotropic medium and an indefinite medium are investigated. A transition layer sandwiched between the connected media is described using a model of a two-dimensional gas of two-level atoms. Two cases of isotropic media, left-handed and metallic, are considered. It is shown that explicit analytical expressions for a surface optical soliton of self-induced transparency depends on the parameters of the two-level atoms and the connected media.     

Propagation of partially polarized Gaussian Schell-model beams in anomalously dispersive media

By use of a tensor method, analytical transform formulae for isotropic partially polarized GSM beams propagating in anomalously dispersive media are derived. Based on the derived formula, the propagation properties of isotropic partially polarized GSM beams in anomalously dispersive media are studied in detail. The results show that the polarization and the irradiance distribution and the coherence degree properties are influenced by the anomalously dispersive media and beam's initial coherence. In addition, the evolution of the spectrum shows that spectrum splitting and spectral shift occur during propagation in anomalously dispersive media.     

Large lateral shift in a multi-layer waveguide with indefinite media

We explore the basic properties of lateral shift in a multi-layer waveguide including isotropic metamaterial and indefinite media. Effective index method is used to calculate the refractive index of indefinite media and stationary-phase approach is applied to analysis the lateral shift of reflected light. The influences of thicknesses of isotropic metamaterial and indefinite media, off-diagonal parameters of indefinite media, the loss of metamaterial and the permeability of lateral shift on the lateral shift are discussed based on simulation results, which give us a guidance in designing multi-functional devices by use of the lateral shift in the proposed structure.