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蒸发式冷凝器管外流体流动与传热传质强化 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
蒸发式冷凝器是一种高效散热设备,能源危机和水环保促进了它的应用.提出了扭曲管强化管外水和空气流动及传热传质,测试了圆管、椭圆管、扭曲管等三种水平管蒸发式冷凝器的流动与传热传质性能,结果表明,扭曲管间为有序的可控制水流,分布均匀,脱落速度快,更易形成柱状流,管表面水膜厚度比现有圆管和椭圆管小;传热传质系数随冷却水喷淋密度及风速的增大而增大,但冷却水喷淋密度增大至一定值后,对传热传质系数基本没有影响;扭曲管的传热传质系数高于椭圆管,特别是圆管,总结了扭曲管传热传质系数经验式. 相似文献
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一、前言 相界面的传热、传质过程往往伴随着流体内部的对流运动。由界面张力(表面张力)驱动的流体流动,对于热、质交换的强化起着重要作用。人们对于平板上水平液膜,流体介质中的液滴等现象进行了广泛的研究,揭示了许多表面张力驱动流动的性质,以及它与传热、传质的关系。对于水平平板上厚度小于1mm的薄液膜,液膜内的流动主要是由于温差引起的表面张力梯度触发的Bénard细胞流。实验研究发现:在水平平板上蒸发的液滴内也会出现Bénard细胞流。但是,液滴与液膜存在形状上的差异,故内部流动形式也将不同。若把小接触角的液滴看作是各处厚度不等的液膜,可以预见滴内的细胞 相似文献
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实验测定了水平和垂直放置状态下,铜-水交叉齿内螺纹重力热管的传热特性,并与普通铜-水重力热管进行了比较,得出了交叉齿内螺纹对重力热管传热性能的影响.水平放置状态下,交叉齿内螺纹重力热管具有较低的蒸发段温度、轴向温差和热阻,相比普通重力热管其传热极限也有极大的提升.垂直放置状态下,在40 W低加热功率时,交叉齿内螺纹重力热管传热性能低于普通重力热管,随着加热功率的增加,其传热性能实现反超。 相似文献
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本文针对水平矩形通道内非共沸混合工质的流动沸腾分层流状态,同时考虑靠近其气液界面处气相与液相浓度边界层的存在,对液相浓度边界层的传质系数进行了修正,构建了对应的流动沸腾液膜蒸发模型,以R134a/R245fa混合工质为研究对象,探讨了不同入口组分质量、质量流速及热流密度等条件下液膜蒸发过程的热质传递规律,以气液相浓度边界层内的组分质量差作为气液相传质阻力的表征,界面温度和主流饱和温度之差为传热阻力的表征,深入分析了传热阻力、传质阻力与混合工质传热特性之间的内在联系. 相似文献
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本文利用动态微液层模型对双组分混合物的沸腾换热现象进行了理论预测。本模型认为沸腾换热的机理主要是由于在气泡的周期生长过程中所形成微液层的蒸发。模型中考虑了气泡生长过程中液体传质的影响,给出了气泡生长过程中传热面上气-液-固接触的动态构造,计算结果与实验结果能够较好的符合。 相似文献
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V. E. Nakoryakov S. Ya. Misyura S. L. Elistratov 《Journal of Engineering Thermophysics》2013,22(1):1-6
Evaporation of droplets of ethanol water solution on a heated surface is studied experimentally at high heat fluxes. The behavior of water-alcohol mixtures was examined under the conditions of heat transfer crisis. Direct measurement of the current mass of evaporating droplets allows us to study the behavior of liquid batches in significantly nonstationary processes. An insignificant alcohol admixture to water increases significantly the transitional area of the crisis. The maximal length of transitional area corresponds to a mass concentration of alcohol of about 30%. For this concentration the heat transfer coefficient of the water-alcohol solution is maximal. It is shown that addition of highly volatile liquids to water allows efficient control of evaporation rate, which can be used for engineering processes. 相似文献
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The article presents the results of experimental investigation of boiling heat transfer of refrigerant R-21 in upward flow in a vertical plate-fin heat exchanger with transverse size of the channels that is smaller than the capillary constant. The heat transfer coefficients obtained in ranges of small mass velocities and low heat fluxes, which are typical of the industry, have been poorly studied yet. The characteristic patterns of the upward liquid-vapor flow in the heat exchanger channels and the regions of their existence are detected. The obtained data show a weak dependence of heat transfer coefficient on equilibrium vapor quality, mass flow rate, and heat flux density and do not correspond to calculations by the known heat transfer models. A possible reason for this behavior is a decisive influence of evaporation of thin liquid films on the heat transfer at low heat flux. 相似文献
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V. V. Kuznetsov S. V. Dimov A. S. Shamirzaev 《Journal of Engineering Thermophysics》2017,26(3):353-358
The paper presents the results of an experimental study of heat transfer in boiling of refrigerant R-21 in a downward flow in a vertical assembly of minichannels of a plate-fin heat exchanger. Characteristic regimes of vapor-liquid flow and heat transfer coefficients have been obtained for the case of plain fins in the ranges of low mass velocities and heat fluxes that are typical of the industry but poorly studied. The obtained data show no significant dependence of the heat transfer coefficient on the heat flux density and mass velocity, which may be explained by the decisive effect of the evaporation of thin liquid film on the heat transfer at low heat flux density. 相似文献
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The problem of heat- and mass transfer and evaporation of emission-activating elements of refractory rod cathodes is formulated
and solved in the 2D approximation with nonlinear boundary conditions. Time-dependent heat conduction equations, current continuity
equations, as well as the diffusion equations and equations describing evaporation of activators are formulated simultaneously
and solved numerically taking into account the temperature dependence of the electrode material. The thermal state of cathode
assemblies depending on extrinsic parameters of plasma units is analyzed. The results of simulation of the thermal state and
heat- and mass transfer in cathode assemblies with different geometries are considered. 相似文献
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Results of numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in a laminar flow of three-component gas at adiabatic evaporation of binary solutions from a flat plate are presented. The studies were carried out for the perfect solution of ethanol/methanol and zeotrope solutions of water/acetone, benzene/acetone, and ethanol/acetone. The liquid-vapor equilibrium is described by the Raoult law for the ideal solution and Carlson–Colburn model for real solutions. The effect of gas temperature and liquid composition on the heat and diffusion flows, and temperature of vapor-gas mixture at the interface is analyzed. The formula for calculating the temperature of the evaporation surface for the binary liquid mixtures using the similarity of heat and mass transfer was proposed. Data of numerical simulations are in a good agreement with the results of calculations based on the proposed dependence for all examined liquid mixtures in the considered range of temperatures and pressures. 相似文献
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