Olive Oil Traceability Studies Using Inorganic and Isotopic Signatures: A Review

The olive oil industry is subject to significant fraudulent practices that can lead to serious economic implications and even affect consumer health. Therefore, many analytical strategies have been developed for olive oil’s geographic authentication, including multi-elemental and isotopic analyses. In the first part of this review, the range of multi-elemental concentrations recorded in olive oil from the main olive oil-producing countries is discussed. The compiled data from the literature indicates that the concentrations of elements are in comparable ranges overall. They can be classified into three categories, with (1) Rb and Pb well below 1 µg kg⁻¹; (2) elements such as As, B, Mn, Ni, and Sr ranging on average between 10 and 100 µg kg⁻¹; and (3) elements including Cr, Fe, and Ca ranging between 100 to 10,000 µg kg⁻¹. Various sample preparations, detection techniques, and statistical data treatments were reviewed and discussed. Results obtained through the selected analytical approaches have demonstrated a strong correlation between the multi-elemental composition of the oil and that of the soil in which the plant grew. The review next focused on the limits of olive oil authentication using the multi-elemental composition method. Finally, different methods based on isotopic signatures were compiled and critically assessed. Stable isotopes of light elements have provided acceptable segregation of oils from different origins for years already. More recently, the determination of stable isotopes of strontium has proven to be a reliable tool in determining the geographical origin of food products. The ratio ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr is stable over time and directly related to soil geology; it merits further study and is likely to become part of the standard tool kit for olive oil origin determination, along with a combination of different isotopic approaches and multi-elemental composition.     

The potential use of continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry as a tool in forensic soil analysis: a preliminary report

The use of continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (CF-IRMS) as a tool in soil analysis has been assessed as part of a larger study using a number of geological techniques applied in a forensic context. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios, delta13C and delta15N, have been analysed to investigate situations which have arisen from crime casework. Three questions have been addressed: the role of spatial variation found over the short-scale (less than 20 m), temporal variation over a period of almost 2 years, and the variation found between source soils and soil transferred to footwear soles during a simple one-stage transfer process. Results are presented for the three experiments. The use of carbon and nitrogen isotopes has been shown to be useful in discriminating between soil types and sample locations, even when sampling occurs at a different time (as might be the case with a crime scene). In cases of primary transfer (from a source soil by a one-stage transfer to another surface, in this case, shoes and boots), the combination of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios is a valuable tool in discriminating between sites and in showing the relationship of the transferred samples to the relevant source soils. Used in combination with other analytical techniques, isotopic analysis may prove to be a useful tool in a forensic context.     

乌江流域沉积岩风化过程中稀土元素的富集与释放

以乌江流域石灰岩、白云质灰岩、白云岩、硅质岩、页岩和砂岩等沉积岩的13条风化剖面为对象，运用R型分层聚类分析和质量平衡计算方法，研究了这些岩石风化过程中稀土元素（REE）的富集与释放及其对植物生长和河水REE分布的影响，目的是为河水物质来源研究和为农业生产提供依据。结果表明：（1）乌江流域石灰土中REE的富集程度显著高于各自母岩、黄壤、上陆壳（UCC）、中国土壤（CS）和世界土壤（WS）；（2）沉积岩风化过程中REE的富集特征和机制可能与母岩中REE分布特征以及风化剖面中有机质、铁（氢）氧化物和粘土矿物的吸附有关；（3）沉积岩风化过程中释放的REE可为植物吸收利用；（4）石灰岩等沉积岩风化过程中REE和F。等元素的释放对河水溶解态REE的分布有重要影响。     

ICP-MS measurements of lead isotopic ratios in soils heavily contaminated by lead smelting: tracing the sources of pollution

The Pb isotopic composition (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb) in smelter-impacted soils was measured using a quadrupole-based ICP-MS. Four forest/tilled soil profiles were sampled according to the distance from the lead smelter in Píbram (Czech Republic), prevailing wind direction, geological background and soil type. The results were compared with the Pb isotopic composition of bedrocks and waste materials from Pb metallurgy (smelting slags, air-pollution-control residues). The isotopic composition of soils confirms the predominant role of metallurgy on the general pollution in the area. The highly contaminated soils from the vicinity of the smelter contain up to 35,300 mg Pb kg^–1 and exhibit an isotopic composition close to that of car battery processing (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb up to 1.177). A coupled concentration/isotopic study of soil profiles showed that the smelter-induced pollution had penetrated even to the mineral soil horizons, indicating an important vertical mobility of Pb contaminant within the soil profile. The calculated downward penetration rate of Pb in soils ranges from 0.3 to 0.36 cm year^–1.     

Simultaneous determination of mass-dependent isotopic fractionation and radiogenic isotope variation of strontium in geochemical samples by multiple collector-ICP-mass spectrometry.

We present a method to determine (88)Sr/(86)Sr and (87)Sr/(86)Sr simultaneously. The former variation reflects the mass-dependent isotopic fractionation through the physico-chemical processes, and the latter originates from beta(-)-decay of the parent nuclide (87)Rb as well as the mass-dependent isotopic fractionation. In order to determine the mass-dependent isotopic fractionation, the mass-discrimination effect on (88)Sr/(86)Sr was externally corrected by an exponential law using Zr. For the radiogenic growth of (87)Sr/(86)Sr, the mass-dependent isotopic fractionation effect on (87)Sr/(86)Sr was corrected by a conventional correction technique using the (88)Sr/(86)Sr ratio. The reproducibility of the (88)Sr/(86)Sr and (87)Sr/(86)Sr measurements for a high-purity Sr chemical reagent was 0.06 per thousand (2SD, n = 20) and 0.07 per thousand (2SD, n = 20), respectively. Strontium isotopic ratios ((88)Sr/(86)Sr and (87)Sr/(86)Sr) were measured on six geochemical reference materials (igneous rock: JB-1a and JA-2; carbonate mineral: JLs-1, JDo-1, JCp-1 and JCt-1) and one seawater sample. The resulting (87)Sr/(86)Sr ratios obtained here were consistent with previously published data within the analytical uncertainties. The resulting (88)Sr/(86)Sr ratios for igneous rock samples did not vary significantly within the samples, whereas the carbonate samples showed enrichments of the lighter Sr isotopes over the seawater sample. The (88)Sr/(86)Sr ratio of geochemical samples could reflect the physico-chemical processes for the sample formation. Also, a combined discussion of (88)Sr/(86)Sr and (87)Sr/(86)Sr of samples will render multi-dimensional information on geochemical processes.     

The Effect of Carbonate Soil on Transport and Dose Estimates for Long-Lived Radionuclides at a U.S. Pacific Test Site

The United States conducted a series of nuclear tests from 1946 to 1958 at Bikini, a coral atoll, in the Marshall Islands (MI). The aquatic and terrestrial environments of the atoll are still contaminated with several long-lived radionuclides that were generated during testing. The four major radionuclides found in terrestrial plants and soils are cesium-137, strontium-90, plutonium-239+240 and americium-241. Cesium-137 in the coral soils is more available for uptake by plants than ¹³⁷Cs associated with continental soils of North America or Europe. Soil-to-plant ¹³⁷Cs median concentration ratios (CR) (kBq·kg^-1 dry weight plant/kBq·kg^-1 dry weight soil) for tropical fruits and vegetables range between 0.8 and 36, much larger than the range of 0.005 to 0.5 reported for vegetation in temperate zones. Conversely, ⁹⁰Sr median CRs range from 0.006 to 1.0 at the atoll versus a range from 0.02 to 3.0 for continental silica-based soils. Thus, the relative uptake of ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr by plants in carbonate soils is reversed from that observed in silica-based soils. The CRs for ^239+240Pu and ²⁴¹Am are very similar to those observed in continental soils. Values range from 10^-6 to 10^-4 for both ^239+240Pu and ²⁴¹Am. No significant difference is observed between the two in coral soil. The uptake of ¹³⁷Cs by plants is enhanced because of the absence of mineral binding sites and the low concentration of potassium in the coral soil. Cesium-137 is bound to the organic fraction of the soil, whereas ⁹⁰Sr, ^239+240Pu and ²⁴¹Am are primarily bound to soil particles. Assessment of plant uptake for ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr into locally grown food crops was a major contributing factor in: (1) reliably predicting the radiological dose for returning residents and (2) developing a strategy to limit the availability and uptake of ¹³⁷Cs into locally grown food crops.     

Radionuclide mobility and bioavailability in Norwegian and Soviet soils.

A sequential extraction procedure has been applied to study the speciation of Chernobyl-derived radionuclides (137Cs and 90Sr) in soils from Norway, and from Byelorussia and the Chernobyl region in the USSR. Most 137Cs (greater than 80%) was strongly associated with soil components, whereas 90Sr was more mobile, up to 70% being found in the easily extractable fractions. The 90Sr: 137Cs ratio decreased with the distance from the reactor, reflecting the higher proportion of hot particles deposited in the regions close to the reactor, and the easily extractable fraction of 90Sr was significantly lower in the soils collected from the Chernobyl area. The distribution of stable Cs and stable Sr in the extraction fractions was similar for the various sites. Therefore, the location-specific differences in the distribution of 90Sr and, to a lesser extent, 137Cs arise because of fallout speciation rather than because of local environmental factors.     

Authentication of Kalix (N.E. Sweden) vendace caviar using inductively coupled plasma-based analytical techniques: evaluation of different approaches

Different analytical approaches for origin differentiation between vendace and whitefish caviars from brackish- and freshwaters were tested using inductively coupled plasma double focusing sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). These approaches involve identifying differences in elemental concentrations or sample-specific isotopic composition (Sr and Os) variations. Concentrations of 72 elements were determined by ICP-SFMS following microwave-assisted digestion in vendace and whitefish caviar samples from Sweden (from both brackish and freshwater), Finland and USA, as well as in unprocessed vendace roe and salt used in caviar production. This data set allows identification of elements whose contents in caviar can be affected by salt addition as well as by contamination during production and packaging. Long-term method reproducibility was assessed for all analytes based on replicate caviar preparations/analyses and variations in element concentrations in caviar from different harvests were evaluated. The greatest utility for differentiation was demonstrated for elements with varying concentrations between brackish and freshwaters (e.g. As, Br, Sr). Elemental ratios, specifically Sr/Ca, Sr/Mg and Sr/Ba, are especially useful for authentication of vendace caviar processed from brackish water roe, due to the significant differences between caviar from different sources, limited between-harvest variations and relatively high concentrations in samples, allowing precise determination by modern analytical instrumentation. Variations in the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio for vendace caviar from different harvests (on the order of 0.05-0.1%) is at least 10-fold less than differences between caviar processed from brackish and freshwater roe. Hence, Sr isotope ratio measurements (either by ICP-SFMS or by MC-ICP-MS) have great potential for origin differentiation. On the contrary, it was impossible to differentiate between Swedish caviar processed from brackish water roe and Finnish freshwater caviar based solely on ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratios.     

Microbiologically Induced Carbonate Precipitation in the Restoration and Conservation of Cultural Heritage Materials

Microbiologically induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a well-known biogeochemical process that allows the formation of calcium carbonate deposits in the extracellular environment. The high concentration of carbonate and calcium ions on the bacterial surface, which serves as nucleation sites, promotes the calcium carbonate precipitation filling and binding deteriorated materials. Historic buildings and artwork, especially those present in open sites, are susceptible to enhanced weathering resulting from environmental agents, interaction with physical-chemical pollutants, and living organisms, among others. In this work, some published variations of a novel and ecological surface treatment of heritage structures based on MICP are presented and compared. This method has shown to be successful as a restoration, consolidation, and conservation tool for improvement of mechanical properties and prevention of unwanted gas and fluid migration from historical materials. The treatment has revealed best results on porous media matrixes; nevertheless, it can also be applied on soil, marble, concrete, clay, rocks, and limestone. MICP is proposed as a potentially safe and powerful procedure for efficient conservation of worldwide heritage structures.     

Identification of Marchfeld asparagus using Sr isotope ratio measurements by MC-ICP-MS

This work focuses on testing and application of Sr isotope signatures for the fast and reliable authentication and traceability of Asparagus officinalis originating from Marchfeld, Austria, using multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after optimised Rb/Sr separation. The major sample pool comprises freeze-dried and microwave-digested asparagus samples from Hungary and Slovakia which are compared with Austrian asparagus originating from the Marchfeld region, which is a protected geographical indication. Additional samples from Peru, the Netherlands and Germany were limited in number and allowed therefore only restricted statistical evaluation. Asparagus samples from Marchfeld were harvested within two subsequent years in order to investigate the annual variation. The results show that the Sr isotope ratio is consistent within these 2 years of investigation. Moreover, the Sr isotope ratio of total Sr in soil was found to be significantly higher than in an NH₄NO₃ extract, reflecting the mobile (bioavailable) phase. The isotope composition in the latter extract corresponds well to the range found in the asparagus samples in Marchfeld, even though the concentration of Sr in asparagus shows no direct correlation to the concentration of Sr in the mobile phase of the soil. The major question was whether the ‘Marchfelder Spargel’ can be distinguished from samples from the neighbouring countries of Hungary and Slovakia. According to our findings, they can be clearly (100%) singled out from the Hungarian samples and can be distinguished from the Slovakian asparagus samples with a probability of more than 80%.     

Determination of rare earth elements, thorium and uranium by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and strontium isotopes by thermal ionization mass spectrometry in soil samples of Bryansk region contaminated due to Chernobyl accident

The present paper describes the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) determination of rare earth elements (REEs), thorium and uranium in forest, pasture, field and kitchen garden soils from a Russian territory and in certified reference materials (JLK-1, JSD-2 and BCR-1). In addition to concentration data, strontium isotopic composition of the soil samples were measured by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. The measurements contributed to the understanding of the background levels of these elements in an area contaminated due to Chernobyl accident. There was not a significant variation in the concentration of REEs at different depth levels in forest soil samples, however, the ratio of Th/U varied from 3.32 to 3.60. Though concentration of U and Th varied to some extent, the ratio did not show much variation. The value of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio, was in the top layer soil sample relatively higher than in the lower layers.     

Determination of lead concentrations and isotope ratios in recent snow samples from high alpine sites with a double focusing ICP-MS

A double focusing ICP-MS, equipped with a Micro Concentric Nebulizer, has been used to determine concentrations and isotopic ratios of lead in recent snow samples (1993–1996) from high alpine sites in Switzerland. Concentrations varied between 0.02 ± 0.002 and 5.5 ± 0.15 ng/g and are slightly lower than concentrations reported by Atteia [1], by Batifol et al. [2], and by Wagenbach et al. [3] for precipitation samples from similar remote sites in Europe. Since concentrations of lead in the fresh snow samples were mainly in the lower pg/g range, the method to determine the isotopic ratios ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb had to be optimized. They could finally be determined with an average standard error of 0.14% within 12 min and a total sample consumption of 0.8 mL. The average ratios ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb were 0.875 and 2.117, respectively. These values are comparable to isotopic compositions of lead in aerosols collected in Western Europe [4] and are less radiogenic than predicted by Grousset et al. [5]. Our data indicate that, although lead emissions from traffic have decreased largely during the last 10 years, the contribution from this source in modern snow is still detectable and seems to be equal to the lead input from other anthropogenic sources (e.g. waste incineration, industry).     

Sequential radiochemical separations from Alpine Wetland soils (Boréon, France) with emphasis on 90Sr measurement

A radiochemical procedure to extract plutonium, americium and strontium from soils is presented. Strontium was separated from americium and plutonium fraction at the beginning of the method to increase the Sr recovery. The studied soils coming from an Alpine wetland site contain a big amount of iron which was eliminated by an oxalate precipitation before the column step. The hydroxide precipitation should be made by adding iron of known quantity to avoid interference. The procedure was validated by reference soils from IAEA. Plutonium-238, 239, 240, ²⁴¹Am, ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs activities are given and some isotopic ratios are calculated in order to know the origin of the radionuclides.     

The Displacement of Sr from Organic Chelates by Hydroxide, Carbonate, and Calcium in Concentrated Electrolytes

The effects of calcium, hydroxide, and carbonate on the displacement of Sr from four organic chelates: ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid (EDTA), N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenedinitrilotriacetic acid (HEDTA) nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), and iminidiacetic acid (IDA) was studied in solutions with high base and carbonate concentration. Comparison of solutions with and without added chelators allowed the speciation changes in solution to be directly determined. Increases in both carbonate and calcium concentration were effective in displacing Sr from the chelators even under high carbonate concentration. Increases in hydroxide were ineffective in removal of Sr from the chelators, even at base concentrations as high as 6M. Under certain specific conditions, most notably when both CaCO₃(s) and SrCO₃(s) are present in solution, chemical equilibrium constraints result in cancelation of activity coefficient changes for aqueous Sr and Ca organic chelate complexes. Under such conditions the predicted ratios of chelated Ca and Sr become independent of the ionic media and predictive relations using known equilibrium constants give very good representations of the experimental data. These results indicate that manipulation of metal ion displacement reactions during chemical processing of Sr–chelate solutions can result in the displacement of Sr from organic chelators. The implications of such strategies in processing high level waste supernatants stored at Department of Energy (DOE) sites is discussed.     

A new Chinese national reference material (GBW04481) for calcite oxygen and carbon isotopic microanalysis

Carbonate oxygen (O) and carbon (C) isotopes are widely used as proxies for tracing the processes and physicochemical conditions of many geological events and environmental changes in Earth Science. In particular, O and C isotopic variations at micrometer scales revealed by modern microbeam analytical techniques such as SIMS and NanoSIMS are robust archives for reconstructing palaeoenvironment and paleoclimate changes at annual and seasonal resolution or even higher temporal resolution. Widespread application of carbonate O and C isotopic microanalysis in Earth Sciences, however, has been restricted due to limitation of high-quality carbonate reference materials for O and C isotopic microanalysis. We introduce in this paper a new calcite reference material for calcite O and C isotopic microanalysis. This calcite is collected from a drill-core of the Oka carbonatite complex (Quebec, Canada). We demonstrated that the Oka calcite is fairly homogeneous in O and C isotopic compositions at micrometer scales based on homogeneity test by hundreds of SIMS O and C isotopic analyses. Precise determinations by using conventional gas-source IRMS yield the recommended value of δ¹⁸O_VPDB = −23.12 ± 0.15‰ (1SD) and δ¹³C_VPDB = −5.23 ± 0.06‰ (1SD) for the Oka calcite, which has been certified as the first class of Chinese national certified reference material (GBW04481) for O and C isotopic microanalysis.     

Study of soils by thermal analysis

The study of soils is very important in the geological and geological engineering researches. A study of ten samples of soils was carried out by thermal analysis, and X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry to understand soil evolution in Angra dos Reis region, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The sample collection sites were chosen based on geological characteristics, the soil layer thickness, the soil composition pattern, and whether or not it was moved either by erosion or by gravitational shifts. Because of the humid tropical climatic condition, natural soils tend to show great thickness of weathered mantles with formation of saprolites and saprolite soils. Kaolinite is an important secondary mineral which can be formed from many different minerals, like k-mica and k-feldspar and can be weathered to gibbsite. The results from TG/DTG and DTA indicated which soils had more weathering, and the same results were obtained by XRF, when silica/aluminum ratios from samples are compared with thermal analysis results.     

Rapid and precise determination of Sr and Nd isotopic ratios in geological samples from the same filament loading by thermal ionization mass spectrometry employing a single-step separation scheme

Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) offers the excellent precision and accuracy of the Sr and Nd isotopic ratio analysis for geological samples, but this method is labour intensive, expensive and time-consuming. In this study, a new analytical protocol by TIMS is presented that aims at improving analytical efficiency and cutting down experimental cost. Using the single-step cation exchange resin technique, mixed Sr and rare earth elements (REEs) fractions were separated from matrix and evaporated to dryness. Afterwards, mixed Sr + REEs fractions were dissolved and loaded onto the same Re filament using 1 μL of 2 M HCl. Then, Sr and Nd were sequentially measured without venting using TIMS. In contrast to conventional TIMS methods, the merits of this analytical protocol are its cost- and time-saving adaptations. The applicability of our method is evaluated by replicated measurements of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd for nine international silicate rock reference materials, spanning a wide range of bulk compositions. The typical internal precision in this study is ca. 0.001% (RSE) for ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd; the analytical results obtained for these standard rocks show a good agreement with reported values, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Variability in 137Cs inventories and potential climatic and lithological controls in the central Ebro valley, Spain

The extent of soil erosion in some Spanish semiarid regions has caused great concern regarding the sustainability of soil resources. Accelerated soil erosion, particularly in some Mediterranean areas, is likely to be one of the main environmental problems associated with climate change. Fallout ¹³⁷Cs has been shown to provide a reliable basis for assessing soil erosion rates in different environments around the world. However, existing information concerning the spatial variation of ¹³⁷Cs inventories at reference sites has identified a need for further investigation of the factors affecting their spatial variability in semiarid environments, where stony and skeletal soils are predominant. Reference sites at three locations in the central Ebro valley were selected to investigate the ¹³⁷Cs content of several grain size fractions. Each site included both natural vegetated conditions and cultivated land and the three sites were characterized by different values of mean annual rainfall. The results obtained demonstrate the influence of lithology, land use and climate on the spatial variability of ¹³⁷Cs inventories that increase from 1190, to 1500 and 1710 Bq·m^?2 with increasing annual rainfall values from 300 to 500 mm at the study sites. The soils on marls at the Valareña site had the highest proportion of ¹³⁷Cs in the coarse fractions of cultivated soils (12%) in comparison with soils developed on limestones at Loma Negra (5%), whereas no ¹³⁷Cs content was found in the coarse fractions of soils on glacis-terrace materials at Peñaflor. The ¹³⁷Cs reference inventories are higher in soils on marls and sands at cultivated locations at Valareña and Peñaflor, but have similar values in soils at cultivated and uncultivated locations on limestones at Loma Negra. Therefore, in absence of level undisturbed soils with natural vegetation cover, cultivated flat soils on hard rocks could provide reliable reference inventories.     

Sr isotope measurements in beef—analytical challenge and first results

The strontium isotope ratio ((87)Sr/(86)Sr) in beef, derived from 206 European cattle, has been measured. These cattle were located in 12 different European regions within France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Spain and the UK. As animal protein is known to be a difficult material on which to conduct Sr isotope analysis, several investigations were undertaken to develop and improve the sample preparation procedure. For example, Sr isotope analysis was performed directly on freeze-dried meat and defatted dry mass from the same samples. It was found that enormous differences-sometimes exceeding the measurement uncertainty-could occur between the fractions and also within one sample even if treated in the same manner. These variations cannot be definitely allocated to one cause but are most likely due to inhomogeneities caused by physiological and biochemical processes in the animals as post mortem contamination during analytical processing could be excluded. For further Sr isotope measurements in meat, careful data handling is recommended, and for the authentic beef samples within this project, it was decided to use only freeze-dried material. It can be demonstrated, however, that Sr isotope measurements in beef proteins are a valuable tool for authentication of geographic origin. Although partly overlapping, some of the European sampling sites could be discriminated even by only using (87)Sr/(86)Sr.     

Specificity and Origin of the Stability of the Sr Isotopic Ratio in Champagne Wines

The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio of 39 Champagnes from six different brands, originating from the whole “Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée” (AOC) Champagne was analyzed to establish a possible relation with the geographical origin. Musts (i.e., grape juice) and base wines were also analyzed to study the evolution of the Sr isotopic ratio during the elaboration process of sparkling wine. The results demonstrate that there is a very homogeneous Sr isotopic ratio (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr = 0.70812, n = 37) and a narrow span of variability (2σ = 0.00007, n = 37). Moreover, the Sr concentrations in Champagnes have also low variability, which can be in part explained by the homogeneity of the bedrock in the AOC Champagne. Measurements of the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio from musts and base wines show that blending during Champagne production plays a major role in the limited variability observed. Further, the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr of the musts were closely linked to the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio of the vineyard soil. It appears that the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr of the product does not change during the elaboration process, but its variability decreases throughout the process due to blending. Both the homogeneity of the soil composition in the Champagne AOC and the blending process during the wine making process with several blending steps at different stages account for the unique and stable Sr isotopic signature of the Champagne wines.