Ubiquinones of marine invertebrates

The quantitative and qualitative compositions of the ubiquinones of 28 species of marine invertebrates representing five main types have been studied. The amount of ubiquinones did not exceed 5 µg per 1 g dry weight. For all species the main component is Q₁₀, except for ascidians, which produce only Q₉.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 715–718, November–December, 1981.     

Carotenoids of the ascidianHalocynthia aurantium

It has been established that the main components of the carotenoid fraction of an extract ofHalocynthia aurantium are astaxanthin and diatoxanthin, the latter possessing a weak antioxidant activity. No prenylated hydroquinones, which are characteristic for colonial species of ascidians were detected in the four species of solitary ascidians from the Sea of Japan investigated.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genusSilene

Ecdysteroids produced by plants of the genusSilene are considered. The discussion covers 17 species of plants, from which 45 ecdysteroids have been isolated. It has been shown that ecdysterone is the most characteristic representative of the biosynthesis of ecdysteroids in theSilene series.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 627–635, September–October, 1993.     

Alkaloids ofCorydalis

Summary Fifteen bases have been isolated from three species ofCorydalis. Dihydrosanguinarine has been isolated from a plant of the genusCorydalis for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 612–615, September–October, 1975.     

Quantitative determination of flavonoids in some representatives of the family Fabaceae

The quantitative composition of the combined flavonoids in the epigeal parts of eight representatives of the family Fabaceae (four species ofOnobrychis, two ofAstragalus, and two ofTrifolium) have been studied. For the quantitative estimation of the flavonoids we used a spectrophotometric method permitting the determination of flavonols and isoflavones when they are present simultaneously. A comparatively high content of flavonoids (from 2.37 to 4.13%) was found. The sum of the flavonoid compounds from the species ofOnobrychis, Astragalus, andTrifolium investigated possesses a hypolipidemic activity.Pyatigorsk Pharmaceutical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 43–45, January–February, 1984.     

Composition of the essential oils ofArtemisia radicans andA. frigida

The results are given of the GLC analysis on a capillary column of the essential oils of two species of wormwood close in morphological characteristics growing in Kazakhstan:Artemisia radicans A. Kuprijanov andA. frigida Willd., fam. Asteraceae.Institute of Phytochemistry, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Republic of Kazakhstan, Karaganda, fax (3212) 43 37 73. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp.478–480, July–August, 1999.     

Modern state of the chemical study of species of the genusHypericum

This review gives complete information on the chemical study of 66 species of the genusHypericum L. In individual sections the study of various groups of substances is discussed in a historical framework. The compounds isolated are given — hypericins, flavanols and tanning substances, flavones, flavonols, xanthones, coumarins, phenolcarboxylic acids, antibiotic substances, essential-oil compositions, nonvolatile saturated hydrocarbons, and other compounds. The value of these groups of substances in the connection with the pharmacological action and the therapeutic use ofHypericum species is shown. The structural formulas of 85 isolated compounds and their distribution in the species studied are given. The chemosystematic value of individual substances for the genusHypericum and the family Guttiferae is discussed.Pharmaceutical Faculty, Sofia Medical Scademy. Leningrad Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 185–203, March–April, 1987.     

Oils of the seeds of nine species of the genusCrambe

Summary The physicochemical properties of the oils of nine species of the genusCrambe have been studied and their fatty-acid compositions have been determined. The fatty acids of the oils contain not less than 20% of erucic acid. Its highest amounts are found in the oils ofC. abyssinica andC. pinnatifida — 57.01 and 47.37%, respectively.Zaporozh'e Medical Institute. Ukrainian Branch of the All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of the Oil and Fats Industry, Zaporozh'e. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 18–20, January–February, 1977.     

Lipids ofFerula seeds

A study has been made of the surface lipids and essential oil of the seeds of three species ofFerula: F. lapidosa, F. ceratophylla, andF. tschimganica. It has been shown that the surface lipids are characterized by a high content of saturated hydrocarbons, and a lipid extract of the seeds contained 50% of triacylglycerols.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 571–573, September–October, 1984.     

Fatty-acid composition of two <Emphasis Type="Italic">Limonium</Emphasis> plant species

The fatty-acid composition of two Limonium plant species (Plumbaginaceae), including both saturated and polyunsaturated acids, was determined for the first time using chromatography—mass-spectrometry. High contents of palmitic, oleic, linolenic, and linoleic acids were found. Methyl esters of fatty acids in Limonium Popovii were identified by mass spectrometry as hexadecanedioic, eicosanedioic, and docosanedioic acids.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 344–346, September–October, 2004.     

A comparative study of the alkaloids ofCorydalis species

Summary A comparative chemical study of five species of corydalis (Corydalis rosea Leych.,C. gigantea Trautv. et Mey,C. vaginans Royle,C. remota Fisch., andC. marschalliana Pers.) has shown that important characteristics of the individual species are not only the type but also the particular composition of the alkaloids within each group and, in particular, the presence of certain characteristic signs connected with the biosynthesis of the alkaloids such as 13-methyl derivatives, phenolic compounds, racemic forms, etc.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 592–594, September–October, 1978.     

Monoterpenes of the essential oil ofLarix sukaczewii

An analytical separation has been performed of the essential oil of the bark of one-year winter shoots ofL. sukaczewii andL. sibirica. Out of the 37 terpenes detected, 13 monoterpenes have been identified. The two species have identical sets of monoterpenes with significant differences in their relative amounts.Botanical Garden-Institute, Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 640–642, September–October, 1994.     

Polysaccharides ofUngernia. XIII. Carbohydrates of the leaves of the genusUngernia

The present communication gives the results of an investigation of the carbohydrates isolated from the leaves of eight species ofUngernia. From a single sample were successively extracted the water-soluble polysaccharides, the glucofructans, the pectin substances, and the hemicelluloses. The qualitative and quantitative monosaccharide compositions of the carbohydrates isolated were determined, and the characteristics of the pectin substances are given.Deceased.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 647–650, September–October, 1984.     

Chromatographic study of the composition of the essential oil ofZiziphora clinopodioides, a vicarious form ofOriganum vulgare

The chemical composition of the essential oil ofZiziphora clinopodioides has been studied by GLC. A similarity of the qualitative compositions of the terpenoids of the essential oils ofZ. clinopodioides and other species of this genus has been shown.Institute of Phytochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Karaganda, fax (3212) 51 10 23. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 66–68, January–February, 1999.     

Electrophoretic investigation of the seed proteins of the cotton plantGossypium hirsutum

The proteins of the buffer-soluble fraction of the seeds of cotton plants of the speciesGossypium hirsutum, wild and ruderal varieties, have been investigated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel and have been subdivided into two classes. Characteristic components have been detected in the protein spectra of these samples. In diploid species of the cotton plant, in addition to characteristic protein components, individual components are also observed.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 736–738, September–October, 1995. Original article submitted November 21, 1994.     

Purification and structure elucidation of two biologically active molecules from a new isolated <Emphasis Type="Italic">Streptomyces</Emphasis> sp. US 24 strain

Two compounds having biological activities, 3-indolethanol and (L-phe, L-pro) diketopiperazine, have been isolated from a new filamentous soil bacterium called Streptomyces sp. US24 strain.To our knowledge, it is the first time that these two active molecules are described from Streptomyces species. The structures of these two compounds were established on the basis on their spectral data such as IR, EI-MS, and ESI-MS spectrometry, as well as NMR 1D and 2D (COSY, HMQC, HMBC).Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 419–421, September–October, 2004.     

A study of the sex pheromone ofTortrix viridana

cis-Tetradec-ll-en-l-ol acetate has been isolated from an extract of the sex pheromone of the green oak tortrixTortrix viridana L., and has proved to be attractive under sexual conditions for the males of this species.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Biological Methods of Plant Protection, Kishinev, Moldles Moldavian Forestry Scientific-Production Amalgamation, Bendery, and All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Chemical Means of Plant Protection, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 645–649, September–October, 1981.     

Tropane alkaloids of two species of plants of theConvolvulus genus

Eighteen alkaloids have been isolated from two species ofConvolvulus, ten of which were new. The structures of nine of the latter, including two dimeric bases, have been established. Transitions between them have been effected.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 687–689, September–October, 1986. Original article submitted February 19, 1996.     

Coumarins of three species of the genusHaplophyllum

The results are given of an investigation of three species of the genusHaplophyllum: H. villosum, H. kowalenskyi, andH. tenue, fromwhich five substances of coumarin nature have been isolated. Of them, two substances (I and II) have been identified as scopoletin and lomatin isovalerate, respectively, while suitable structures have been established for the new compounds tenuidin, villosin, and tenudiol. It has been shown that the coumarin composition of the plants changes with the growth site.Leningrad Sanitary-Hygienic Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 800–803, November–December, 1980.