Y2O3:Eu荧光粉表面包覆In2O3的研究

采用高温固相法合成了FED用Y2O3：Eu红色荧光粉，为提高其导电性，采用表面成膜包覆法对其进行了In2O3包膜研究。通过XRD，Zeta电位，SEM及低压光谱分析等检测手段分析了包膜前后Y2O3：Eu的晶体结构、电位、形貌与发光性能，探索了包膜工艺。结果表明：在Y2O3：Eu表面包覆3％的In2O3能有效改善荧光粉的发光亮度，这种改善的可能原因是包覆In2O3改善了Y2O3：Eu晶粒表面的导电性。     

Au与Fe_3O_4纳米微粒共嵌TiO_2纳米纤维的制备及可见光催化性能

通过静电纺丝法制备出含有Fe3O4纳米微粒的TiO2纳米纤维,再采用浸渍还原法将Au纳米微粒嵌入到TiO2纳米纤维上,制备出一种具有较强磁性和良好可见光响应能力的复合光催化材料.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外-可见固体漫反射光谱仪(UV-VisDRS)等对样品的结构和形貌进行表征,并以降解罗丹明B(RhB)为模型反应,考察了样品在可见光照射下的光催化性能.结果表明,嵌入Au纳米微粒可使复合纳米纤维在可见光下降解RhB时表现出非常好的降解速率和降解率;同时,将Fe3O4纳米微粒嵌入TiO2纳米纤维内部可以赋予材料较强的磁性,使材料便于分离和重复利用.     

In2O3电子结构与光学性质的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论框架下的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法, 计算了In2O3电子结构和光学线性响应函数, 系统研究了In2O3电子结构与光学性质的内在关系. 利用计算的能带结构和态密度分析了带间跃迁占主导地位的In2O3材料的能量损失函数、介电函数、反射图谱, 根据电荷密度差分图分析了In2O3材料的化学和电学特性. 研究结果表明In2O3光学透过率在可见光范围内高达85%, 可作为优异的透明导电薄膜材料. 同时, 计算结果为我们制备基于In2O3透明导电材料的设计与大规模应用提供了理论依据, 也为监测和控制这一类透明导电材料的生长过程提供了可能性.     

空心球形In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2纳米复合材料多模式光催化

本文以聚苯乙烯(PS)胶球为模板,通过一步水浴法结合煅烧后处理制备了不同比例的In_2O_3/ZrO_2-TiO_2空心球状复合材料(简写为In_2O_3/ZrO_2-TiO_2-H)。通过X-射线衍射、扫描电镜、X-射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱和氮气吸附-脱附等测试手段对该系列复合材料的结构、组成和形貌进行了表征。结果表明,In_2O_3/ZrO_2-TiO_2复合材料经PS模板处理后呈现空心球状结构,球壁由纳米粒子堆积而成。将In_2O_3与ZrO_2-TiO_2复合后其光吸收性能呈现了一定的红移现象,且In_2O_3/ZrO_2-TiO_2-H(1∶4)的比表面积较大(66.92m~2·g~(-1))。同时,为了考察该复合材料的光催化性能,在多模式光催化条件下对甲基橙的降解情况进行了研究。结果表明,In_2O_3/ZrO_2-TiO_2-H(1∶4)表现出较好的光催化性能,其光催化活性高于P25、ZrO_2、In_2O_3/ZrO_2-TiO_2及其他体积比的In_2O_3/ZrO_2-TiO_2-H。     

Assembly of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles with Polymer Microspheres by Encapsulated Copolymerization

Inorganic nanoparticles Fe₂O₃ in diameter of 3-5 nm have been assembled with polymer microspherer and then encapsulated in copolymer of St/BA/AA by polymerization process. Fe₂O₃ encapsulated microspheres can obtained through interaction between surface groups of the two component particles and by adjusting the pH value in the emulsion. Pre-treatment of the composite particles using a certain amount of surfactant before polymerization can give a good encapsulation.     

In Situ Growth of Ultrafine Pt Nanoparticles onto Hierarchical Co3O4 Nanosheet-Assembled Microflowers for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

The development of Pt-based electrocatalysts with high Pt utilization efficiency toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of great significance for the future sustainable hydrogen economy. For rational design of high-performance HER electrocatalyst, the simultaneous consideration of both thermodynamic and kinetic aspects remains greatly challenging. Herein, a simple template-derived strategy is demonstrated for the in situ growth of ultrafine Pt nanoparticles onto Co₃O₄ nanosheet-assembled microflowers (abbreviated as Pt/Co₃O₄ microflowers hereafter) by using the pre-fabricated PtCo-based Hofmann coordination polymer as reactive templates. The elaborate preparation of such intriguing hierarchical architecture with well-dispersed tiny Pt nanoparticles, abundant metal/oxide heterointerfaces and open configuration endows the formed Pt/Co₃O₄ microflowers with high Pt utilization efficiency, rich active sites, lowered energy barrier for water dissociation and expedited reaction kinetics. Consequently, the Pt/Co₃O₄ microflowers exhibit superior HER activity with a relatively low overpotential of 34 mV to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm⁻², small Tafel slope (34 mV dec⁻¹) and outstanding electrochemical stability, representing an attractive electrocatalyst for practical water splitting. What's more, our concept of in situ construction of metal/oxide heterointerfaces may provide a new opportunity to design high-performance electrocatalysts for a variety of applications.     

氧化铟掺杂对ZnFe2O4半导体气敏性能的影响

用化学共沉淀法在ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ４中掺入Ｉｎ２Ｏ３．Ｘ射线衍射分析证实，Ｉｎ２Ｏ３与ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ３之间没有新相生成，晶格常数有微小变化．掺入Ｉｎ２Ｏ３降低了ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ４的电导，改变了该系列材料的导电机制，提高了材料对乙醇的敏感性和选择性，而且缩短了材料的响应时间     

In2O3修饰三维纳米花MoSx构建S型异质结用于高效光催化产氢

形貌控制和异质结构建是提升光催化剂性能的有效策略。本文采用In₂O₃修饰三维纳米花MoS_x并构建S型异质结,为电子的传输提供了特殊的转移途径。通过合理调控In₂O₃的负载量,MoS_x/In₂O₃的最佳产氢速率能够达到6704.2 μmol∙g⁻¹∙h⁻¹,是纯MoS_x的1.8倍。采用荧光光谱和电化学测试证实复合材料中内部电子和空穴对的分离效率得到了有效的提升,并利用紫外漫反射测试和羟基自由基实验推测了析氢机理。     

纳米Fe2O3和Fe3O4的制备及其催化高氯酸铵热分解性能的研究——一个仪器分析综合实验

介绍一个仪器分析综合实验——纳米Fe_2O_3和Fe_3O_4的制备及其催化高氯酸铵热分解性能的研究。采用水热法合成纳米Fe_3O_4,进而煅烧得到纳米Fe_2O_3。使用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)对制得的样品结构进行表征,通过透射电镜(TEM)可以发现其为球形颗粒,粒径在10–20 nm范围内。将制得的纳米Fe_2O_3和纳米Fe_3O_4按不同比例加入高氯酸铵(AP)中,通过对混合物进行热分析(TG-DSC),发现纳米Fe_2O_3和纳米Fe_3O_4可以明显促进AP的分解,且Fe_2O_3的催化效果优于Fe_3O_4的催化效果,并对催化机理进行了简单讨论。通过该实验,可以让学生学习水热反应的方法,掌握利用XRD、热分析等多种手段对化合物结构及性能进行表征的技能。     

Enhancement of Activity of SnO2-doped In2O3/Al2O3 Catalyst for NO Reduction with Propene in the Presence of H2O and SO2

The selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides by hydrocarbons (HC-SCR) has attracted much attention as an efficient way to remove NO in the presence of excess oxygen1-2. The metal oxides are the most promising catalysts for the SCR of NO because of their high activity and selectivity3-5. In the previous work, the metal oxides such as Ag, Sn, In, Co supported on alumina for NO reduction were investigated6-8, however, the HC-SCR is usually suppressed in the presence of H2O and S…     

TiO2 Nanoparticles in Mesoporous TUD‐1: Synthesis,Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance in Propane Oxidation

A series of TiO₂‐TUD‐1 samples was synthesized with a variable Ti loading in the range Si/Ti=100, 20, 2.5, and 1.6, by using a one‐pot surfactant‐free procedure. The materials obtained were characterized by elemental analysis; X‐ray diffraction (XRD); N₂ sorption measurements; high‐resolution TEM (HR‐TEM); ²⁹Si NMR, UV‐visible and Raman spectroscopy. As a function of increasing metal loading either isolated Ti atoms, or (above a Ti loading of ～2.5 wt‐ %) combinations of isolated Ti atoms and anatase (TiO₂) nanoparticles were obtained; both were incorporated in the highly porous siliceous matrix. The photocatalytic performance of these materials was tested by studying the propane oxidation process following irradiation at λ=365 nm, selectively activating the anatase nanoparticles. In comparison to commercial anatase powder, TiO₂ nanoparticles in TUD‐1 showed high photochemical selectivity towards acetone, the sample with a Si/Ti ratio of 1.6 being the most selective. Size and confinement effects are consistent with the difference in performance of the TUD‐1 materials and TiO₂, limiting the number of electron transfers available for each propane molecule.     

Synthesis and applications of mesoporous Cu-Zn-Al2O3 catalyst for dehydrogenation of 2-butanol

A series of mesoporous Cu-Zn-Al2O3 materials have been synthesized at ambient temperature and their structure was characterized by XRD, N2 physical adsorption and TPR techniques. Their catalytic applications for the dehydrogenation of 2-butanol to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) were evaluated in a fixed-bed flow reactor at atmospheric pressure. It is demonstrated from the XRD patterns that both the as-synthesized samples and calcined samples have the typical XRD patterns of meso-structured materials and the results of N2O chemical adsorption showed that Cu was embedded in the framework of the mesoporous materials and homogeneously dispersed in the mesoporous Cu-Zn-Al2O3 materials. The catalytic activity of 2-hntanol dehydrogenation was varied in the order of CZA(10)相似文献   

基于电纺丝法的In2O3/CdO复合材料的制备及甲醛气敏特性

用静电纺丝法制备了In(NO₃)₃/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)纺丝前驱物, 然后分别在500、600、700℃时烧结得到三种In₂O₃ 纳米纤维. 通过X 射线衍射(XRD)仪、热重差热分析(TG/DTA)、场发射扫描式电子显微镜(FE-SEM)表征结果得知, 500℃时In₂O₃的晶相已经形成, 且粒径为最小, 约为24 nm, 纳米纤维呈介孔结构.将三种烧结温度的In₂O₃纤维制作成气敏元件, 测试对比了三种元件对甲醛气体的敏感特性, 结果表明, 500℃烧结得到的In₂O₃纳米纤维在工作温度为240℃时响应最好, 对浓度为10×10^-6 (体积分数, φ)甲醛的响应为7.用静电纺丝法合成了CdO 纳米颗粒, 通过XRD、SEM 表征得知CdO 呈粒径约为68 nm 的颗粒. 将In₂O₃和CdO以不同摩尔比(1:1, 10:1, 20:1)复合, 对比测试了纯In₂O₃及三种In₂O₃/CdO复合材料对应的气敏元件对甲醛的气敏特性, 测试结果表明当In₂O₃纳米纤维与CdO纳米颗粒以摩尔比10:1 复合时, 元件的工作温度较低(200℃), 且对甲醛表现出最佳的气敏特性, 对浓度为10×10^-6甲醛的响应为13.6, 响应/恢复时间为140 s/32s. 最后对不同摩尔比复合的In₂O₃/CdO对甲醛的气敏机理进行了初步分析.     

First Principle Study of Ferromagnetism in Cr-Doped In2O3

We present a first principle study of Cr-doped In2O3 system using density functional theory. The obtained results show that the Cr ion prefers the cation site of the center of trigonally distorted octahedron and converges to high spin-polarized configuration in the ground state. The hybridization between d-states and the donor states is strong, and the spin-split donor impurity-band model is found to be the most favorable mechanism for the ferromagnetism in this system. The good ferromagnetic property of high Curie temperature is discussed in view of the electronic structure analyses.     

Sb2O3／TiO2纳米复合物的合成及性质研究

以改进的溶胶-凝胶法制备了Sb2O3／TiO2纳米复合物,用扫描电镜、X射线粉末衍射、傅立叶红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱以及荧光等测试技术对产物进行了分析和表征．结果表明：所得纳米复合物颗粒分散均匀,具有锐钛矿相结构,平均粒径约为10nm．还研究了所得产物的光催化性质、电化学性质及电化学发光行为．结果表明：Sb2O3的掺入可以提高TiO2的光催化效果,当反应物中m（Sb2O3）／m（TiO2）=10％时,所得纳米复合物对亚甲基蓝和罗丹明B的光催化效果最好．     

In2O3三维纳米结构的控制合成及高效光解水产氢活性研究

Exploring economical and efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen production is of great significance for alleviating the energy and environmental crisis. In this study, 3D In₂O₃ nanostructures with appropriate self-assembly degrees were obtained using a facile hydrothermal strategy. To study the significance of 3D In₂O₃ nanostructures with appropriate self-assembly degrees in photocatalytic hydrogen production, the photocatalytic performances of samples were evaluated based on the amount of hydrogen gas release under visible-light irradiation (λ > 400 nm) and simulated solar light illumination. Interestingly, the 3D In₂O₃-150 nanostructured photocatalyst (hydrothermal temperature was 150 ℃, denoted as In₂O₃-150) exhibited extremely superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity, which may have been caused by their unique structure to improve light reflection and gas evolution. The special structure can enhance light harvesting and induce more carriers to participate in photocatalytic hydrogen production. Despite possessing similar 3D nanostructures, the In₂O₃-180 photocatalyst exhibited poor photocatalytic activity. This may have been caused by the high self-assembly degree, which can hinder light irradiation and isolate a portion of the water. In addition, the 3D nanostructures could effectively make uniform the carrier migration direction, which is from the interior to the rod end. However, the direction of carrier migration of the In₂O₃-110 photocatalyst could transfer in various directions, whereas the In₂O₃-130 photocatalyst could transfer to both ends of the rod. This might cause partial migration to counteract each other. The compact cluster rod-like structure of In₂O₃-180 might prevent the light from exciting the carrier effectively. Through a photocatalytic recycling test, the 3D In₂O₃-150 nanostructured photocatalyst exhibited outstanding photochemical stability. This work highlights the importance of controlling the self-assembly degree of 3D In₂O₃ nanostructures and explores the performances of 3D In₂O₃ nanostructured photocatalysts in hydrogen production under visible light and simulated solar light.     

Pd/Co3O4纳米颗粒负载于Al2O3纳米片高效催化甲烷燃烧

We report an efficient catalyst composed of ternary components prepared by inlaying Pd/Co₃O₄ nanoparticles in alkaline Al₂O₃ nanosheets for catalytic oxidation of methane. Pd/Co₃O₄ inlaid in alkaline Al₂O₃ exhibited a higher ability to break the C-H bond of methane than Pd/Co₃O₄ supported on SiO₂, ZrO₂, CeO₂, and acidic or neutral Al₂O₃. Our results show more oxygen vacancies and higher amounts of surface adsorbed oxygen on the surface of Pd/Co₃O₄/alkaline Al₂O₃ than on other catalysts, which is responsible for methane activation and conversion. Further, the Pd/Co₃O₄/alkaline Al₂O₃ catalyst can almost restore to its initial value in the absence of water when 5% (volume fraction) vapor water was cut off, although a decrease in activity occurred when water vapor was introduced to the reaction system. Even under a condition similar to the exhaust of a lean-burn natural gas engine, the catalytic performance of the Pd/Co₃O₄/alkaline Al₂O₃ catalyst is excellent, that is, methane could be completely converted when the sample temperature in the reaction atmosphere was ramped to 400℃.     

铟颗粒上具有不同直径氧化铟纳米锥的原位合成与光致发光特性

以Au作催化剂, 通过金属铟与氧气在850～1000 ℃的氧化反应, 在单质铟表面原位大面积生长出了In2O3纳米锥. 通过反应温度的改变实现了纳米锥的可控合成. 采用激光拉曼光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜对产物进行了表征分析. 结果表明, 纳米锥为立方相单晶结构的In2O3, 其直径和高度分别在0.1～0.6 μm和0.2～2.9 μm范围内可调控. 提出了In2O3纳米锥可能的生长机理. 在室温下研究了它们的发光性质, 发现了发光峰位于416和439 nm强的蓝光发光, 这一蓝光发光起源于氧化铟纳米锥中氧空位中的电子与铟-氧空位中心中的空穴之间的复合.