液相控制沉淀法制备纳米级Co3O4微粉

报道了一种液相控制沉淀与分解制备Co₃O₄超微粉的方法.研究表明,采用液相沉淀控制技术,无需引入高分子保护剂,同样可以制备出晶粒细小、粒度分布均匀、无团聚的高质量Co₃O₄超微粉.该法工艺简单、成本低、产率高.     

新颖Co3O4分级结构的制备及其光催化性能研究

以聚乙烯醇/醋酸钴复合纳米纤维为模板, 采用模板辅助共沉积技术制备了三维尖晶石型Co₃O₄纳米纤维/晶须分级结构. 并采用SEM, XRD对其形貌和晶型结构进行了表征. 在光催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)性能实验中, 三维分级结构Co₃O₄表现出比纳米粒子和纤维更好的光催化性能. 这主要归因于Co₃O₄纳米线的次级结构和开放的三维网络结构有利于MB分子和氧分子的扩散和传输, 从而增强MB的光降解反应速率.     

Application of Polyaniline Film as a Sensor for Stimulant Nerve Agents

Abstract

Methyl phosphonic dichloride (MPDC) and dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) are two important organophosphorus compounds used in the preparation of many toxic organophosphorus compounds such as nerve agents. This paper deals with the application of polyaniline coated on a glass slide surface as a sensor for the detection of some of the stimulant nerve agents such as MPDC and DMMP. The sensing behavior of polyaniline films toward MPDC and DMMP vapors via electrical conductivity changes of the polymer film using the standard four-point probe technique was investigated. The effects of the chemical concentration and the polymer thickness on the conductivity and conductivity stability of the polymer were also studied. The vapors of nerve agent stimulants affect the PANi film by the p-doping mechanism and lead to an increase in the conductivity of the polymer. The response times of the PANi film to MPDC and DMMP vapors are very fast, and the conductivity of the polymer increases with the increase in the concentration of the samples.     

Metal-Organic Gel-Derived Co/CoO/Co3O4 Composite for the Electrochemical Detection of Diethylstilbestrol

A novel three-phase composite of Co/CoO/Co₃O₄ is synthesized through straightforward calcination treatment towards cobalt-based metal-organic gel (Co MOG) precursor, which is constructed with the metal source of cobalt chloride and organic ligand of 4, 4', 4”-((1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4, 6-triyl) tris (azanediyl)) tribenzoic acid at room temperature. The morphology, structure and composition of the derived Co/CoO/Co₃O₄ is confirmed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectrums (XPS). Furthermore, the composite of Co/CoO/Co₃O₄ is employed as electrode modified material with the excellent electrochemical performances of accelerating the electron transfer and boosting the electrode interface reaction. As a proof of concept, the electrochemical redox behaviors of diethylstilbestrol (DES) have been systemically investigated at the modified electrode interface and the established analytical approach for DES with the broad linear range and satisfied recovery. This work not only provided a facile approach to obtain electrode material with excellent electrochemical performance but also enriched the application of MOG materials in the electrochemical field.     

超薄Co3O4纳米片薄膜制备及其电化学传感器性能

本文以电沉积的金属钴薄膜作为原材料,通过简单的氧化技术获得了薄膜前驱体材料,并进一步在350 ^oC热处理条件下获得了超薄Co₃O₄纳米片薄膜材料. 通过扫描电镜（SEM）,X-射线衍射（XRD）,透射电镜（TEM）等手段对材料的物理结构进行了深入分析,并通过循环伏安法（CV）表征了该薄膜材料的电化学活性. 作为电化学传感器件的活性材料,该薄膜材料对H₂O₂的检测表现出较宽的线性浓度检测范围（0 ~ 4 mmol•L^-1）和较高的电流响应(~ 1.15 mA•cm^-2),在该领域具有较高的应用价值.     

N2O在Au/Co3O4和Au/ZnCo2O4催化剂上的分解反应

通过调变HAuCl₄溶液的pH值和Au负载量,用沉积-沉淀法制备了一系列Au/Co₃O₄催化剂,并采用AES、BET、XRD、SEM、XPS和H₂-TPR等技术对催化剂的结构和组成进行了表征,考察了制备条件对其在有氧气氛中催化N₂O分解反应性能的影响规律,得到了催化剂最佳制备条件:HAuCl₄溶液pH值为9,Au负载量为0.29%。催化测试结果表明:虽然ZnCo₂O₄的催化活性优于Co₃O₄,但0.31%Au/ZnCo₂O₄的活性和稳定性低于0.29%Au/Co₃O₄。500℃、在含氧气氛中连续反应10 h, 两者均可完全分解N₂O,但在含氧、含水气氛中0.29%Au/Co₃O₄和0.31%Au/ZnCo₂O₄上的N₂O转化率分别为92%和63%。究其原因,发现Au/Co₃O₄中Au和Co组分间存在协同效应,而Au/ZnCo₂O₄中Au和Co组分间则没有协同效应。     

高性能多级花状Co3O4基无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器

以硝酸钴、碳酸钠、尿素为原料,泡沫镍为基体,采用水热和煅烧相结合的二步法制备了一种多级花状Co_3O_4/Ni异质结构的无酶葡萄糖传感器。通过X射线衍射与扫描电镜对Co_3O_4/Ni电极的成分及形貌进行了表征,并采用循环伏安法在1mol/L KOH溶液中测试了Co_3O_4/Ni异质结构葡萄糖传感器电极的电化学性能。结果表明,通过二步法在泡沫镍表面制备的Co_3O_4呈现多级花状纳米纤维结构。将制备的Co_3O_4/Ni异质结构作为电极构建的无酶葡萄糖传感器表现出响应时间快(低于5s)、检测灵敏度高(7.4m A·(mmol/L)~(-1)·cm~(-2))、检出限低(1.17μmol/L,S/N=3)和线性检测范围宽(0~5 mmol/L)的特点。进一步的抗干扰性检测表明所制备的传感器在+0.44V vs.SCE对葡萄糖表现出良好的选择性。本文所制备的多级花状Co_3O_4基电极在无酶葡萄糖传感器的发展中有着很大的应用潜力。     

钴铈复合金属氧化物催化剂上氧化亚氮催化分解性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备了一系列钴铈复合金属氧化物催化剂CoCex(x=0～0.2,x为Ce/Co摩尔比),进行了比表面积和XRD表征,并考察了它们对氧化亚氮催化分解反应的活性.结果表明,随着铈添加量的增加,催化剂上钴尖晶石相的衍射峰逐渐宽化,同时催化剂的比表面积逐渐增大;催化剂的活性随着铈添加量的增加先升高,然后下降,CoCe0.05催化剂表现出了最佳催化活性.在对CoCe0.05催化剂制备条件的考察实验中发现,共沉淀过程中控制pH值在9左右,于400 ℃焙烧得到的催化剂的活性最好.当反应气氛中存在O2或H2O时,CoCe0.05催化剂上N2O的分解反应受到抑制,但这种影响是可逆的,可能是由于它们与N2O在相同的活性位上存在竞争吸附.     

Metal-Organic Framework Derived Hierarchical Co/C@V2O3 Hollow Spheres as a Thin,Lightweight, and High-Efficiency Electromagnetic Wave Absorber

Developing high-efficiency electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials with light weight, thin thickness, and wide absorption bandwidth is highly desirable for ever-developing electronic and telecommunication devices. Herein, hierarchical metal–organic framework (MOF)-derived Co/C@V₂O₃ hollow spheres were designed and synthesized through a facile hydrothermal, precipitation, and pyrolysis method. The composite exhibits both excellent impedance matching and light weight due to the rational combination of hollow V₂O₃ spheres and porous Co/C. Additionally, multiple components enable a large dielectric and magnetic loss of the composite, giving rise to enhanced EM wave absorption performance with a maximum reflection loss (RL) of −40.1 dB and a broad effective absorption bandwidth (RL < −10 dB) of 4.64 GHz at a small thickness of 1.5 mm. This work provides insights into the design of hierarchical hollow and porous composites as thin and lightweight EM wave absorbers with efficient absorption, which can also be extended to energy storage, catalysis, and sensing.     

一种新的甲烷低温燃烧催化剂Au—Pt／Co3O4

考察了Pt和Pd的引入对Au/Co3O4催化剂的甲烷燃烧活性的影响,发现在Au/Co3O4（Au的质量分数为2%-5%）催化剂中掺入少量的Pt(如0.2%）,可使甲烷的催化燃烧活性得到显著的提高;相对于Au/Co3O4催化剂,其甲烷的最低全转化温度降低了50℃。便Pd的引入未提高甲烷燃烧的活性。表明Au-Pt/Co3O4是一个很有应用潜力的甲烷低温燃烧催化剂。     

Pd/Co3O4纳米颗粒负载于Al2O3纳米片高效催化甲烷燃烧

We report an efficient catalyst composed of ternary components prepared by inlaying Pd/Co₃O₄ nanoparticles in alkaline Al₂O₃ nanosheets for catalytic oxidation of methane. Pd/Co₃O₄ inlaid in alkaline Al₂O₃ exhibited a higher ability to break the C-H bond of methane than Pd/Co₃O₄ supported on SiO₂, ZrO₂, CeO₂, and acidic or neutral Al₂O₃. Our results show more oxygen vacancies and higher amounts of surface adsorbed oxygen on the surface of Pd/Co₃O₄/alkaline Al₂O₃ than on other catalysts, which is responsible for methane activation and conversion. Further, the Pd/Co₃O₄/alkaline Al₂O₃ catalyst can almost restore to its initial value in the absence of water when 5% (volume fraction) vapor water was cut off, although a decrease in activity occurred when water vapor was introduced to the reaction system. Even under a condition similar to the exhaust of a lean-burn natural gas engine, the catalytic performance of the Pd/Co₃O₄/alkaline Al₂O₃ catalyst is excellent, that is, methane could be completely converted when the sample temperature in the reaction atmosphere was ramped to 400℃.     

掺铝Co_3O_4的制备及其电容性能研究

以KOH作沉淀剂制备掺杂Al(Ⅲ)的Co3O4粉体.X射线衍射显示,掺Al的Co3O4不改变其晶型结构.循环伏安、恒流充放电等测试表明,化学掺Al后的Co3O4电极,其比容量提高,当Co(Ⅱ)与Al(Ⅲ)的摩尔比为1∶0.05时,在0~400 mV的电位区间内,5 mA/cm2电流密度下,单电极放电比容量可达518.07 F/g.     

A Facile Chemical Synthesis of Cu2O Nanocubes Covered with Co3O4 Nanohexagons for the Sensitive Detection of Glucose

Copper (I) oxide nanocubes (Cu₂O NCs) covered with cobalt oxide nanohexagons (Co₃O₄ NHs) were prepared through simple chemical method. Here, ascorbic acid is used as reducing and capping agent for the synthesis of nanocubes and nanohexagons. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) were employed to confirm the prepared nanocomposite. Cu₂O NCs?Co₃O₄ NHs nanocomposite is drop cast on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the fabrication of glucose sensor. The fabricated Cu₂O NCs?Co₃O₄ NHs/GCE exhibited a better electrocatalytic activity towards the determination of glucose than that of individually fabricated Cu₂O NCs and Co₃O₄ NHs modified GCE. Our finding exhibited a wide linear range from 1 μM to 5330 μM with LOD of 0.63 towards glucose. In addition, the sensor attained appreciable stability, repeatability and reproducibility. Practicality of the sensor was demonstrated in human serum samples. The main advantages of the fabricated sensor are simple, biocompatible, cost effective, fast response and highly stable electrode surface.     

溶剂热法合成不同形貌的Co3O4及其电容特性

采用溶剂热法以不同的钴盐在水-正丁醇体系中合成了不同形貌及尺寸的纳米Co3O4. 采用XRD和TEM对产物的物相和形貌进行表征. 结果表明, 通过改变反应体系中阴离子的种类, 可以控制产物Co3O4的形貌与晶粒尺寸. 通过循环伏安法、恒流充放电和交流阻抗法对Co3O4电极材料的电化学性能进行表征. 结果表明, Co3O4的形貌与晶粒尺寸对其电化学性能有显著影响. 在2 mol·L-1 KOH溶液中, 在-0.40 - 0.55 V (vs SCE)电位范围内, 由Co(NO3)2制备的球形Co3O4表现出更好的电容特性,单电极初始比容量达362.0 F·g-1, 经过400 次循环后比容量仍保持90%.     

Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Co3O4 Nanoflowers

Co3O4 nanoflowers were prepared through a sequential process of a hydrothermal reaction and heat treatment. The as-synthesized products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and infrared spectrum. These nanoflowers consist of numerous Co3O4 nanofibers, which have diameters of 20-40 nm, and lengths ranging from 100 nm to 500 nm. They have pore structures and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of ?34.61 m2/g. The temperature dependence curves of magnetization in zero-field-cooled conditions and field-cooled indicate mainly antiferromagnetism and weak ferromagnetism of Co3O4 nanoflowers at blocking temperature of ?34 K respectively.     

超声振荡制备纳米Co3O4及其光催化性能研究

本文在超声辅助下采用并流沉淀法制备了纳米Co3O4,并用X-射线衍射(XRD)、比表面(BET)、扫描电镜(SEM)等对所制备的材料进行了表征。以甲基橙为模拟有机污染对Co3O4的光催化脱色性能进行了考察。实验结果表明:超声振荡对纳米Co3O4比表面参数、形貌、晶粒大小及光催化脱色性能有显著影响。对超声振荡制备的Co3O4光催化性能提高的原因进行了讨论。     

各种形貌的纳米Co3O4的制备及其应用*

本文综述了各种形貌的纳米Co₃O₄的制备及其应用。制备纳米Co₃O₄的方法有很多,包括热分解、水热法、溶剂热法、化学喷雾热分解、化学气相沉积和溶胶-凝胶法。各种形貌的Co₃O₄被制备,如纳米球、纳米立方体、纳米管、纳米棒、纳米片、纳米纤维和介孔结构。Co₃O₄是一种重要的磁性P-型半导体,在锂离子电池、超级电容器、电致变色、磁性材料、气体传感器和催化剂等诸多领域有比较广泛的应用。     

径向生长的具有分级结构的四氧化三钴微晶及其在气体传感上的应用

通过在水热合成后追加退火处理,制备了径向生长的具有分级结构的树枝状三维Co3O4晶体,并用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对其结构和形貌进行了表征. 在110 oC对其气体探测性能的研究表明这种Co3O4分级结构对氨气有较高的探测灵敏度和响应速度（10 s）,性能稳定并具有可重复性. 同时,还在较低的探测温度下对酒精、丙酮和苯进行了气敏探测.     

CoAl2O4包覆LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2的电化学性能

通过共沉淀法制得类球形锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂,并用非水相共沉法对其进行CoAl₂O₄包覆得到LNCMO(x). 采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微术（SEM）和透射电子显微术（TEM）测试材料的结构和观察材料形貌. 结果表明,CoAl₂O₄在材料表面形成8 nm均匀包覆层,未改变主体材料的结构. 电化学性能测试表明,1%（by mass）CoAl₂O₄包覆量的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2材料（LNCMO(1)）高充电电压（3.0 ~ 4.6 V,150 mA·g^-1）100周期循环放电容量保持率为93.7%（无包覆LNCMO(0)保持率为74.4%）;55 °C高温100周期循环容量保持率为77%（无包覆LNCMO(0)保持率17%）. XRD和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）测试表明,CoAl₂O₄包覆的LNCMO(x)材料可有效地减缓材料中Mn离子在电解液的溶解,提高材料结构稳定性和热稳定性.     

不同沉淀剂对Co3O4催化剂催化分解N2O活性的影响

采用了不同沉淀剂（K2 CO3、Na2 CO3、NaOH、NaHCO3）制备了一系列 Co3 O4氧化物催化剂。通过 XRD、XPS、BET、H2-TPR、O2-TPD 表征手段,探究了催化剂物相结构和氧化还原性能对 N2 O 催化分解性能的影响。研究表明,以 K2 CO3为沉淀剂制备的 Co3 O4催化剂具有优越的氧化还原性能。此外,较低结晶度有助于提高催化剂的催化性能,催化剂表面物种与其沉淀剂相关：丰富的表面 Co 物种促进催化活性,较多氧空位有利于催化剂表面的电子传递和氧气的脱附。以 K2 CO3为沉淀剂制备的 Co3 O4催化剂表现出最佳的 N2 O 催化分解活性,在450℃达到90％以上的转化率。