Photodetachment of the Positronium Negative Ion with Exponential Cosine-Screened Coulomb Potentials

We have made an investigation to study the photodetachment of positronium negative ion (Ps ⁻) interacting with exponential cosine-screened Coulomb potentials (ECSCP) within the framework of dipole approximation. The dipole transition matrix elements are calculated using the asymptotic form of highly accurate initial wave function of the bound ionic state and plane wave for final electron–positronium state. Results for photodetachment cross section in ECSCP are reported for the screening parameter in the range [0.0,0.35] (in a₀^-1{a_0^{-1}}). Our results for the unscreened case agree nicely with some of the most accurate results available in the literature. Furthermore we make a comparative study of the photodetachment of Ps ⁻ in ECSCP with the photodetachment of Ps ⁻ in screened Coulomb potential. To the best of our knowledge, such a study on the photodetachment of Ps ⁻ in ECSCP is carried out for the first time in the literature.     

Two-Photon Detachment Cross Section of the Positronium Negative Ion

The two-photon detachment cross section of positronium negative ion is calculated within the lowest-order perturbation theory for the final-state energies below the Ps(n = 2) threshold. A coupled-channel method with positronium orbital expansion is used to prepare the wavefunctions. The resonance structure below the threshold is clearly seen.     

Energy Spectrum of a Positronium Negative Ion in a Parabolic Quantum Well

The method of few-body physics is applied to calculating the energy levels of low-lying states ofa positro-nium negative ion in a parabolic quantum well. The results show that the energy levels of a positronium negativeion intwo-dimensional case are lower than those in three-dimensional case.     

Feature of a Confined Positronium Negative Ion by a Spherical Parabolic Potential

The ground and three low-excited states of the positronium negative ion confined by a spherical harmonic oscillator potential are studied employing the adiabatic hyperspherical approach method. Total energies are obtained as a function of the confined potential radii. We find that the confinement may cause accidental degeneracies between levels with different Iow-excited states and the inversion of the energy values.     

Doubly-Excited 1,3 P o States of H− Interacting with Screened Coulomb (Yukawa) Potentials

We have investigated the doubly excited 2s2p ³ P ^o and 2s3p ¹ P ^o resonance states of H⁻ embedded in a model plasma environment. Plasma effects are taken care of by using a screened Coulomb (Yukawa-type) potential. Correlated wave functions are used to represent the correlation effect between the charged particles. The density of resonance states has been calculated using the stabilization method. The calculated resonance energies and widths for various screening parameters are reported.     

Doubly Excited <Superscript>1,3</Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">P</Emphasis><Superscript>e</Superscript> Resonance States of the Positronium Negative Ion with Coulomb and Screened Coulomb Potentials

We have investigated the doubly excited ^1,3 P ^e resonance states of positronium negative ion with Coulomb and screened Coulomb potentials using highly accurate correlated exponential wavefunctions. For Coulomb interaction, the stabilization and the complex-rotation methods are employed to extract resonance parameters (resonance positions and widths). We have obtained two ¹ P ^e resonances and three ³ P ^e resonances below the n = 3 Ps threshold. In addition to Feshbach resonances lying below n = 3 Ps threshold, we have calculated one ³ P ^e shape resonances lying above the Ps (n = 2) threshold. For screened Coulomb (Yukawa) interaction, we employ the stabilization method to extract resonance parameters as functions screening parameter. The resonance energies and widths for ^1,3 P ^e resonance states of Ps⁻ below the n = 3 Ps threshold for different screening parameters ranging from infinity (Coulomb case) to small values are reported, along with the Ps(3S) and Ps(3P) threshold energies. The screened Coulomb results for the ^1,3 P ^e resonance states are reported for the first time in the literature.     

Positronium formation in positron-helium collisions with a screened Coulomb interaction

A study is conducted on positronium (Ps) formation in positron-helium collisions under the effect of a Coulomb screening, e⁺ + He(1s ²) ?? Ps(100) + He⁺(100), using the second-order distorted-wave approximation (DWA) and taking into consideration the screened dipole polarisation potential at low and intermediate incident positron energies in the range, 6 ? 500 eV. The theoretical model for the scattering calculation is fairly accurate and predicts a number of interesting features in the total and differential cross sections for the screening parameter, ?? = 0.0?0.4. The existence of resonances in the S-, P-, D- and F-partial waves has been reported in this work. Surface plots of the total and differential cross sections have also been presented to illustrate the interesting nature of the Ps formation in this scattering process.     

Quadrupole Oscillator Strengths of Helium Interacting with Debye Potentials

The influence of Debye potentials on the quadrupole oscillator strengths of helium atom is investigated using highly correlated wave functions within a framework of a variational method. The quadrupole oscillator strengths for the ^1,3S–^1,3D, ^1,3P–^1,3P and ^1,3D–^1,3D transitions of He for various screening parameters are reported for the first time in the literature. In free atomic case, our calculated results are in good agreement with the available results.     

放射性核束的库仑激发

综述了利用中、高能放射性核束的库仑激发方法研究位于N＝20和28主壳隙附近的丰中子核结构所取得的进展．系统的实验结果清晰地表明,在离开β稳定线区域时N＝20兰壳隙突然消失和N＝28主壳隙的减弱过程．提出了利用兰州放射性束流线开展双幻核Ni50附近核素的低位能级核结构研究的构想． The study of coulomb excitation of the neutron-rich nuclei around N=20 and 28 shell closure with radioactive ion beam at intermediate energy is reviewed. The systematics of the measured energy of the 2+1 state shows that the N=20 shell closure in neutron-rich isotopes with Z≤12 disappears suddenly and N=28 shell elosure appears to be weak for 44S.The coulomb excitation studies of the exotic nuclei around the double magic 7828Ni50 at RIBLL are proposed.     

Billiard Representation for Multidimensional Multi-Scalar Cosmological Model with Exponential Potentials

A multidimensional cosmological-type model with n Einstein factor spaces in the theory with l scalar fields and multiple exponential potentials is considered. The dynamics of the model near the singularity is reduced to a billiard on the (N–1)-dimensional Lobachevsky space H ^N–1, N =ls; n+l. It is shown that for n > 1 the oscillating behaviour near the singularity is absent and solutions have an asymptotic Kasner-like behavior. For the case of one scale factor (n =1) billiards with finite volumes (e.g. coinciding with that of the Bianchi-IX model) are described and oscillating behaviour of scalar fields near the singularity is obtained.     

Exponential Potentials and Attractor Solution of Dilatonic Cosmology

We present the scalar-tensor gravitational theory with an exponential potential in which Pauli metric is regarded as the physical space-time metric. We show that it is essentially equivalent to coupled quintessence (CQ) model. However for baryotropic fluid being radiation there are in fact no coupling between dilatonic scalar field and radiation. We present the critical points for baryotropic fluid and investigate the properties of critical points when the baryotropic matter is specified to ordinary matter. It is possible for all the critical points to be attractors as long as the parameters λ and β satisfy certain conditions. To demonstrate the attractor behaviors of these critical points, We numerically plot the phase plane for each critical point. Finally with the bound on β from the observation and the fact that our universe is undergoing an accelerating expansion, we conclude that present accelerating expansion is not the eventual stage of universe. Moreover, we numerically describe the evolution of the density parameters Ω and the decelerating factor q, and computer the present values of some cosmological parameters, which are consistent with current observational data.     

血卟啉衍生物与血红蛋白相互作用的光谱特性研究

采用荧光光谱法和紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了在不同温度下,血卟啉衍生物(HPD)与血红蛋白(Hb)结合反应的荧光猝灭光谱行为。证实由于非辐射能量转换机制,HPD对Hb有较强的荧光猝灭能力。根据Stern-Volmer方程和Lineweaver-Burk双倒数函数曲线,计算其结合常数在高温时要比低温时大,并获得相关结合常量和热力学参数。根据Fster能量传递原理计算出临界结合位点R₀＝3.22 nm。     

The BCS Critical Temperature for Potentials with Negative Scattering Length

We prove that the critical temperature for the BCS gap equation is given by ${T_c = \mu \left( \frac 8\pi {\rm e}^{\gamma -2} + o(1) \right) {\rm e}^{\pi/(2\sqrt \mu a)}}$ in the low density limit μ→ 0, with γ denoting Euler’s constant. The formula holds for a suitable class of interaction potentials with negative scattering length a in the absence of bound states.     

Dynamical Symmetries of Two-Dimensional Dirac Equation with Screened Coulomb and Isotropic Harmonic Oscillator Potentials

In this paper, we study symmetrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) screened Dirac Hydrogen atom and isotropic harmonic oscillator with scalar and vector potentials of equal magnitude (SVPEM). We find that it is possible for both cases to preserve so(3) and su(2) dynamical symmetries provided certain conditions are satisfied. Interestingly, the conditions for preserving these dynamical symmetries are exactly the same as non-relativistic screened Hydrogen atom and screened isotropic oscillator preserving their dynamical symmetries. Some intuitive explanations are proposed.     

On Critical Stability of Three Quantum Charges Interacting Through Delta Potentials

We consider three one-dimensional quantum, charged and spinless particles interacting through delta potentials. We derive sufficient conditions which guarantee the existence of at least one bound state.     

Problems of Dust Grains Charging to Negative Potentials

The presence of dust grains is a common phenomenon in the space environment. Grains can be charged by many different processes (e.g., photoemission, attachment of electrons/ions, the secondary emission, etc.). If the grain's surface potential becomes high enough, one can observe field emission of ions or electrons. We are trapping a single dust grain in a Paul trap, expose it to a low-energy electron beam, and investigate the evolution of its charge-to-mass ratio with respect to the energy of primary electron beam. We use micron-sized (D = 2–11 m) glass grains and charge them up to -300 V of surface potentials; it corresponds to the electric field strength of about 10⁸ V/m. Analysis of the charging/discharging processes has shown that (1) the effect of the field enhanced secondary emission is negligible in the case of insulators and (2) the effective work function for electron field emission from charged insulators is as low as 1 eV.     

Quantum Dynamics of a Single Trapped Ion Interacting with Standing Laser Pulses

A classically chaotic system consisting of a Paul trapped ion and a sequences of standing laser pulses is treated quantum-mechanically. Under the circumstance of time-dependence, we derive the transition probability from the ion‘s motional state n to n‘, and find, in the first-order approximation, the classically chaotic character disappears.Theoretical analysis and numerical calculations show that by regulating the phase parameter Ф we can control thetransition probability. When Ф reaches some specific values, the transition from the state n to n‘ is forbidden and, for some laser periods, resonance occurs, which leads to the corresponding transitions between different motional states.The time-evolution of an initial motional state |ψz) just over one period is also studied in detail.     

Quantum Dynamics of a Single Trapped Ion Interacting with Standing Laser Pulses

A classically chaotic system consisting of a Paul trapped ion and a sequences of standing laser pulses is treated quantum-mechanically. Under the circumstance of time-dependence, we derive the transition probability from the ion‘s motional state n to n‘, and find, in the first-order approximation, the classically chaotic character disappears.Theoretical analysis and numerical calculations show that by regulating the phase parameter φ we can control the transition probability. When φ reaches some specific values, the transition from the state n to n‘ is forbidden and, for some laser periods, resonance occurs, which leads to the corresponding transitions between different motional states.     

高电荷态离子Ar17+与Mo表面作用过程中的X射线发射

观测了低速(小于Bohr速度)高电荷Ar¹⁷⁺离子与金属Mo表面相互作用的X射线发射,以及ArKα,KβX射线强度随入射离子动能的变化.