XYLANASE PREBLEACHING ON NaOH-AQ WHEAT STRAW PULP

INTRODUCTIONChina is a kingdom of straw pulps and wheat strawhas a dominant proportion in non-wood fiberresource. Wheat straw is inexhaustible annual plant.When it is used to make pulp and paper, there is noproblem of affecting afforestation and energyconsumption. In order to make full use of existedresource and make products of good quality witheffluent of low pollution loading, the study of wheatstraw pulp has realistic meaning. On the other hand,application of biotechnology has penetra…     

WHEAT STRAW ALKALINE LIGNIN AND ITS DERIVATIVES AS RETENTION AID

1INTRODUCTIONLignin is one of the main three components in botany, and is one reproducible resource. It has three-dimensional network structure and more functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl function group, alcoholic hydroxyl function group and methoxyl function group, so it has more reactivity and reaction active points [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6].Polyethylene oxide is applied in more fields as one kind of nonionic macromolecule. In papermaking industry, it is often used as dispersion agen…     

STUDY OF COORDINATED PRETREATMENT OF XYLANASE AND LACCASE ON SODA-AQ WHEAT STRAW PULP BEFORE CEH BLEACHING

INTRODUCTIONXylanase pretreatment can produce many small holes on pulp surfaces and cross section by removing part xylose that may be sucked back or exists in style of LCC. Thus penetrability of following chemicals. Olsen [1] observed coordinated pretreatment of xylanase and lignin enzyme (compound of lignin peroxide enzyme and manganese peroxide enzyme) had better delignification than sole xylanase and sole laccase lignin enzyme. So we can forecast that coordinated pretreatment of xylan…     

活化剂在麦草硫酸盐浆中无氯和少氯漂白中的应用

在麦草ＫＰ浆的无氯和少氯漂白程序中使用活化剂,可促进脱木素作用并提高浆的白度。在氧脱木素前用ＮＯ２,硫酸和过氧酸进行预处理比较,以ＮＯ２效果最佳。ＮＯ２用量２％,处理后浆的卡伯值比未处理降低了６％,白度提高４％,粘度只下降１．６％。在Ｄ／ＣＥＤＤ漂白程序中,漂前用对有效氯用量８％的Ｓ１２预处理,白度提高２．３％ＩＳＤ,粘度基本无变化;活化剂ＴＡ用于ＮＯＰ三段漂的Ｐ段,用量４％（对浆）,可提高白度４．３％ＩＳＯ,粘度也有明显提高。本试验采用ＧＯＰＡＰＴＡ无氯漂白程序,可使麦草ｋｐ浆漂后白度达８０％ＩＳＯ,但粘度下降较大     

覆麦秸对盐碱地小麦生长及产量的效应

地表覆麦秸和深埋麦秸能明显提高耐盐小麦德抗９６１的出苗率和冬前分蘖数,并使其单株鲜重、株高、公顷穗数、穗粒数、旗叶面积、旗叶鲜重、旗叶干重、旗叶净光合速率显著增加,Ｎａ＾＋／Ｋ＾＋比降低,最终使小麦产量显著增加。地麦覆麦秸和深埋麦秸使耐盐小麦品种德抗９６１的产量构成因素明显大于对照,使前两者的每公顷产量分别达４４２２．４５ｋｇ、３７６９．９５ｋｇ,而对照的只有２８５０ｋｇ。因此,选择耐盐品种,地表     

麦草碱—乙醇浆性能的初步研究

对纤维分离点处的麦草碱—乙醇浆,麦草苛性钠浆的打浆性能和纸页物理性能的比较发现:麦草碱—乙醇浆得率高12%(绝对值)左右,浆料易打浆,但相同打浆度下,纸页抗撕裂性能较差、脆裂度较大。脱除其部分残余木素后纸页性能得到改善。不论何种浆,打浆过程中纤维形态结构以及纤维的超分子结构的变化都较大地影响纸页的脆性。     

BIOPULPING OF WHEAT STRAW WITH PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM

INTRODUCTIONThe trend of preservation of native forest and theincreasing consumption of paper and paper boardpromote both the use of recycled paper and thesearch of alternative non-wood virgin fibers. The useof wheat straw as a raw material for pulping andpapermaking seems to be an attractive alternative forcountries that have large plantations of wheat strawand are lack of forest resource.More and more interests are focused on thebiological treatment in the pulping process[1,2], whichis a…     

ON THE BLACK LIQUOR AND RECYCLE COOKING OF AS-AQ STRAW PULP

1.INTRODUCTIONAs a kind of agriculture residues, straw occupies an important status in the non-wood papermaking material in China. Straw is herbaceous plant yearly, and composed with successive and organized cell groups that is similar with others plants. The construction of straw fiber has three obvious layers and the sequence is lamella, primary wall and second wall. Because the organization is loosen andporous, the lignin content is lower and the cooking liquor is easer to penetrate so…     

ANALYSIS ON COMPOSITION OF FOULANTS FROM ALKALINE WHEAT STRAW BLACK LIQUOR AND DISCUSSION ON ITS FOR MING MECHANISM

1.INTRODUCTIONWheat straw is the main raw material in northern China, and its black liquor is blamed for contributing serious pollution to the environment. A technical breakthrough has been achieved in the field of chemical recovery for wheat straw pulping after more than twenty years' developments and practices. Wheat straw pulp chemical recovery projects with the pulping capacity of 75-100t/d have been put into 132--production gradually in recent years. Evaporation of wheat straw pulp…     

超滤处理碱法草浆黑液的超滤膜特性研究

通过静态试验，研究了两种截留分子量的聚醚砜、聚醚酮、磺化聚砜／聚醚砜、磺化聚砜／聚醚酮等超滤膜处理碱法草浆黑液的超滤特性，结果表明：静态接触条件下，聚醚砜及磺化类膜受黑液组份的污染程度较轻，聚醚酮膜的污染程度最重；荷负电性较高的磺化类膜具有较好的黑液超滤特性；截留分子量２万的超滤膜特性要优于５万的膜。     

CHANGES IN PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND STRUCTURES OF WHEAT STRAW SODA LIGNIN AFTER MODIFICATION

麦草碱木素在碱催化下经脱甲基改性可提高其反应活性．本文采用元素分析、扫描电镜、凝胶色谱、１ＨＮＭＲ和１３ＣＮＭＲ波谱较系统地研究脱甲基改性麦草碱木素化学组成、微观表面形态和化学结构的变化．研究结果表明，脱甲基活化改性后，麦草碱木素的甲氧基含量由１０．３％降至６．０９％，而酚羟基和羧基含量分别由２．９８％和４．５８％增至５．５１％和７．１０％．脱甲基改性后氧元素含量下降，改性麦草碱木素的微观形态呈致密的球形，在尺寸上比未改性的麦草碱木素小．改性后麦草碱木素的平均相对分子质量（Ｍｗ）由６２１７降至５１４８，相对分子质量分布情况发生变化．脱甲基改性使苯环上的烷基芳基醚键断开，形成酚羟基，同时，在一定程度上也伴随木素结构单元间化学联接的断裂，体现在其核磁共振波谱和平均相对分子质量的变化．     

THE OXYGEN-ALKALI BLEACHING OF THE STRAW PULP

1INTRODUCTIONAt present, the pulp industry is facing to the large stress against using bleaching agents which contain the chlorine. And the paper making industry has fixed the attention to lighten the environment pollution. To reduce the pollution, many countries have carry through the TCF (total chlorine free bleaching), and that the oxygen-alkali bleaching is one of the maturate technology of TCF by now. To obtain clean produce the oxygen-alkali bleaching of NaOH-AQ straw pulp has b…     

固阳膨润土及其活化性研究

固阳膨润土是一种蒙脱石含量高（主矿层＞９０％）的钙基膨润土。蒙脱石为切托型，Ｆｅ低、Ｍｇ高，阳离子交换容量大。八面体晶层中Ｍｇ２＋→Ａｌ３＋的置换量达２６．９％～２９％，因此具有良好的活化性能。适宜的活化酸度为１０％（ＨＣｌ）。最高脱色力３０２．６，采用钠盐作活化促进剂可提高活化性     

多效唑在冬小麦上的应用技术及对群体器官结构的影响

本研究通过用多效唑对冬小麦浸种和各时期不同浓度的叶面喷施证明,在冬小麦上拔节期前4—5天,喷施多效唑196ppm为最合适。并从群体器官结构水平揭示了多效唑的作用,表现在能增强植株的抗倒伏能力;提高叶片叶绿素含量及厚度;稳定后期叶面积;改善产量因素结构。增产率小区试验(对照倒伏情况下)30.75％,大区试验为10.7—11.9％。     

烧碱法麦草浆黑液蒸发器结垢物的分形特征

对麦草浆黑液结垢物的分形特性进行了研究．麦草浆黑液结垢物的表面形貌表现出自相似性，其成长具有非线性的分形动力学特征，并计算出其分形维数。     

BLEACHING OF SULFONATED CMP FROM BIO-TREATED WHEAT STRAW

INTRODUCTIONThe increasing consumption of paper and paper board all over the world and the more and more serious legislative constraints on forest resources intensify the shortage of pulping materials. Agricultural residues such as wheat straw are of increasing interests in countries and areas which have abundant plantation of agricultures and are lack of wood supply. One of the problems associated with the wheat straw pulp was the low pulp yield and low bleachability relative to wood pulp…     

STUDY ON THE DIGESTION PROCESS OF ASF-AQ WHEAT STRAW PULP

INTRODUCTIONChina is the country that produces the largest amount of wheat-straw pulp in the world. In North China, wheat-straw is used as the main row material for pulping. At present, the dominating pulping method of straw-wheat is soda-AQ. This method has many drawbacks. Its yield is difficult to reach 40%, its original pulp has low brightness (lower than 30%SBD), and its bleachability is also low. Three-stage bleaching sequence (CEH) is needed to obtain high brightness pulp. It c…     

黑山膨润土及其酸化土的差热性质研究

探讨了不同体积分数硫酸溶液与黑山膨润土作用中硫酸对膨润土热性质的影响,结果表明：膨润土及其酸化土的差热曲线有3个吸热谷,反映了膨润土在加热过程中的脱水,相变等情况,随着硫酸体积分数的增加,膨润土由钙型转变为钠型,酸化膨润土的耐热性略有降低。     

马铃薯淀粉基高吸水树脂的合成及其土壤保水性能研究

以马铃薯淀粉为主要原料,通过自行设计的工艺流程合成了高吸水树脂,利用正交实验设计优化了反应条件。用红外光谱对接枝共聚物进行表征,光谱分析证明了接枝共聚物的存在。通过模拟土壤柱法研究了高吸水树脂对土壤的保水性能,结果证明,吸水树脂能显著抑制土壤含水量的损失,抑制作用随着树脂施用量的增加而增强。     

SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS BETWEEN BIRCH CHEMICAL MECHANICAL PULPS AND ASPEN BLEACHED KRAFT PULP

INTRODUCTIONIn papermaking, it is very often that more than one type (or grade) of pulps are used to develop paper sheet properties necessary for both machine runnability and requirement from the end users. In many high end paper grades (e.g., various high brightness printing/writing papers), long fiber from softwood bleached kraft pulp traditionally is often used in combination with short fiber from hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HBKP). In this combination, the long fiber component provi…