增感效应火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铁矿石中的微量铬

提出了增感效应火焰原子吸收光谱测定铁矿石微量铬的新方法。研究了表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（ＳＤＳ）对铬的增感效果。增感效应可使火焰原子吸收光谱的灵敏度提高２７倍。本法已用于测定铁矿石中的微量铬,检测限为７．０μｇ／Ｌ,回收率为９１．１％￣１１５．９％,ＲＳＤ为４．０％。     

增感效应导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定金属铜和铜合金中的微量铬

提出了增感效应导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定金属铜和铜合金中微量铬的新方法。研究了表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠对铬的增感效果。导数技术与增感效应相结合的可使火焰原子吸收光谱的灵敏度提高６８倍。本法测定金属铜和铜合金中的微量铬取得了满意效果。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定工业废水中铅

研究了利用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)的增感作用,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定工业废水中微量铅。考察了各试验参数及共存元素对铅测定的影响,探讨了SDS增感机理。方法用于工厂废水中铅的测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.8%~1.2%,检出限为0.11 mg.L-1,加标回收率为94%~104%。     

阴离子和非离子表面活性剂增感效应原子吸收光谱法测定铬

空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铬,易受灵敏度低、基体干扰的限制。70年代中期有人提出应用表面活性剂之后,使这一测定得到了改善。本实验选用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS)和非离子表面活性剂乙二醇辛基苯基酚(OP-10)、曲拉通X-100(Triton X-100)对铬的空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法的增感     

流动注射-导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定植物油中的镍、锰、铬和铅

提出了流动注射－导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定植物油中微量镍、锰、铬和铅的新方法，流动注射进样技术克服了常规火焰原子吸收法耗样量大和基体干扰严重的缺点，导数技术应用于火焰原子吸收可提高方法的灵敏度和信号的选择性，流动注射与导数技术相结合应用于火焰原子吸收成功地测定了常规火焰原子吸收法和流动注射－火焰原子吸收法难以测定的植物油中微量镍、锰、铬和铅。镍、锰、铬和铅的特征浓度（μg/mL)，分别为0.0054、0.0034、0.0067、0.025，相对标准偏差在0.3%-2.8%的范围内。     

有机试剂对锶火焰原子吸收光谱分析的增感机理

研究了火焰原子吸收光谱法中甲醇、甲醛、甲酸等6种有机试剂对元素Sr的增感行为,发现甲酸效果最佳。在选定的相对最佳条件下,增感效果高达70%。研究表明,甲酸所产生的增感效应主要在于其与Sr形成甲酸锶,改变了常规原子化机理,提高了火焰原子化效率。这一机理同样适用于甲酸存在下Ca、Ba等元素的火焰原子化。实验表明,甲酸对这两种碱土元素的增感效果分别达到54%和55%。甲酸对Sr的增感应用于高纯BaCO3中Sr含量测定,回收率达到100%～106%。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法中有机试剂的增感效应

详细研究了11种有机试剂对火焰原子吸收光谱法的增感效应。通过测定这些有机试剂对Cu、Mg、Li、Na、K、Rb、Cr、Mo、Sr、Ba等金属离子吸光度的影响,得到了有机试剂增感的规律性。     

导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定金属铜中微量银

提出了导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定金属铜中微量银的新方法，导数技术可使火焰原子吸收光谱的灵敏度提高２１倍，用此法测定金属铜中微量银取得了满意效果。     

表面活性剂在火焰原子吸收光谱法中增感效应的研究

表面活性剂在火焰原子吸收光谱法中的应用及理论研究目前非常活跃,但表面活性剂对元素产生增感效应的原因尚未弄清,本文研究了不同类型表面活性剂对元素吸光度值的影响,发现除碱金属元素外,表面活性剂对金属元素是否产生增感效应与元素在火焰中的原子化效率有关,进而对其增感机理做了探讨。     

污泥上培植的黑麦草中微量元素的测定

对污泥增培黑麦草中锌、铜、镍、铬、铅的测定方法进行了研究,样品用HClO4-HNO3(1 4)进行处理,并用火焰原子吸收光谱法对锌、铜、镍、铬、铅进行了测定。结果表明:该法准确、回收率高,平均回收率分别为:锌90.3%、铜92.0%、镍88.4%、铅85.1%、铬82.6%。     

塞曼石墨炉AAS法直接测定硝酸银中的杂质

本文介绍了利用塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定硝酸银中的杂质锰、镍、铜、铁和铬。方法简单、快速、检出限低、回收率好。     

Determination of total chromium in fresh water by atomic absorption spectrometry following flotation preconcentration

A flotation method is proposed for the quantitative preconcentration and determination of total chromium by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry in fresh water samples, without previous reduction or oxidation of the chromium ion state. Hydrated iron(III) oxide and iron(III) tetramethylenedithiocarbamate were used as precipitating collectors. The detection limit of the method is 0.01 g/L.     

原子吸收和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中总铬方法比对

为了探讨原子吸收光谱法和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬分析方法的异同,本文分别采用两种方法对工业废水中的总铬进行对比分析,对样品前处理方法、标准曲线、方法检出限、准确度、精密度、干扰及消除等进行比较,并对两种方法的测定结果进行t检验。结果表明,两种方法具有良好的一致性。相对来说,原子发射光谱法各方面指标要优于原子吸收光谱法。     

Spectroscopic study of atomization processes and inter-element effects on the flame emission of chromium and iron in an air—acetylene flame

Emission spectroscopy is applied for characterization of reactions occurring in air—acetylene flames normally used for atomic absorption spectrometry. Inter-element effects on the emissions of chromium and iron are discussed. Two atomic emission lines with different upper energies and a molecular emission line of the diatomic oxide MO are compared for determination of the excitation temperature and the degree of atomization in fuel-rich and lean flames. The reductive power of the fuel-rich flame is essential for atomization of chromium salts. Inter-element effects by iron can be attributed to the formation of refractory oxides, and to mutual catalytic oxidation.     

氢化物发生电加热石英管原子吸收法测定包头铁矿中的砷、锑、铋

研究了氢化物发生原子吸收法测定包头矿中痕量砷、锑、铋的分析方法,试验确立了反应条件,建立了以KI、抗坏血酸、硫脲为还原体系,消除试样中共存元素的干扰,利用KMnO4消除锑对砷的干扰.砷、锑、铋的检出限可分别达到:0.15,0.28,0.15 ng/mL.方法已用于包头矿分析.     

原子吸收光谱和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬

为了探讨原子吸收光谱法和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬分析方法的异同,分别采用两种方法对工业废水中的总铬进行了对比分析,对样品前处理方法,方法的标准曲线、检出限、准确度、精密度、干扰及消除等进行了比较,并对两种方法的测定结果进行t检验。结果表明,两种方法具有良好的一致性。相对来说,原子发射光谱法各方面指标要优于原子吸收光谱法。     

Reduction des interferences sur la determination des metaux lourds dans les sediments de cours d'eau et les boues de stations d'epuration par spectrometrie d'absorption atomique en four graphite

(Reduction of interferences in the determination of trace heavy metals in river sediments and sewage sludges by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.)The interferences of synthetic matrices of river sediments and sewage sludges in the determination of lead, copper, cadmium, chromium and nickel by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry were studied; Pb, Cd and Ni were the most sensitive to interferences. The effects of hydrochloric, nitric, perchloric and hydrofluoric acids were tested; perchloric acid was found to interfere most during the determinations. Hydrofluoric acid must be eliminated by evaporation. Techniques for reducing chemical interferences were evaluated. The best method was found to be matrix modification with ammonium dihydrogenphosphate and ascorbic acid for the determination of lead and nickel, and rapid heating (Max Power) for the determination of cadmium. Determinants of copper and chromium were less prone to interference.     

Study of Analytical Methods for Iron Determination in Complex Organic Liquids by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Abstract

In the determination of iron in complex organic liquids by atomic absorption spectrometry (A. A. S.), methods of sample preparation, such as dilution with an organic solvent and sample pretreatment to destroy organic material, are investigated. Moreover, methods of analysis using calibration curve and standard additions are presented. The possible cause of error associated with iron determination in organic samples by flame (F-A. A. S.) and graphite furnace (GF-A. A. S.) atomic absorption spectrometry are discussed.

From all of these studies, the use of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after sample dilution with methyl isobutyl ketone, and the use of the method of standard additions are advised for iron determination.