EC-Pt/CNTs葡萄糖氧化酶电极

采用乙基纤维素(EC)和载Pt碳纳米管(CNTs)导电复合材料固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)制备EC-Pt/CNTs葡萄糖氧化酶电极.该电极在0~4 mmol/L的浓度范围内检测葡萄糖,灵敏度为0.85μA/mmol.L-1,浸泡18 d后电极活性仍达80%,EC-Pt/CNTs葡萄糖氧化酶电极可望构建葡萄糖传感器.     

纳米颗粒复合材料增强的葡萄糖生物传感器

二氧化硅和金或铂组成的复合纳米颗粒可以大幅度地提高葡萄糖生物传感器的电流响应,其效果明显优于这三种纳米颗粒单独使用时对葡萄糖生物传感器的增强作用。除了具有吸附浓缩效应,吸附定向和量子尺寸颗粒 应外,复合纳米颗粒比单独一种纳米颗粒更易于形成连续势场,降低电子在电极和固定化酶间的迁移阻力,提高电子迁移率,有效地加速了酶的再生过程,因此复合纳米颗粒显著增强了传感器电流响应。     

导电聚合物传感器的研究进展

综述了导电聚合材料应用于生物敏、离子敏、气敏、湿敏传感器的研究概况。并对导电聚合物传感器研究动向作了展望。     

导电聚合物传感器的研究进展

导电聚合物因其具有特殊的结构和优异的物理化学性能,而成为构建传感器的一种新材料。综述了近5年来导电聚合物在生物传感器、离子传感器、气敏传感器方面的研究进展,并对导电聚合物的研究动向作了展望。     

柔性导电高分子复合材料在应变传感器中的应用*

柔性和可穿戴传感器最近十几年来的发展,使得它们在个性化医疗、人机交互和智能机器人等方面拥有良好的应用前景。由导电材料和弹性聚合物组成的柔性导电高分子复合材料具有高的可拉伸性、良好的柔韧性、优异的耐久性等优点,可用来制备传感范围宽、灵敏度高的柔性应变传感器。本文综述了基于柔性导电高分子复合材料的可拉伸应变传感器的分类(填充型、三明治型、吸附型应变传感器)和传感机理(隧穿效应,分离机制,裂纹扩展),并详细介绍了传感器所用复合材料的结构设计,包括内部结构(双逾渗网络、隔离、多孔、“砖混”结构)、表面结构(微裂纹、褶皱结构)和宏观结构(纤维状、网状、薄膜结构)。内部结构设计可降低材料的逾渗阈值,表面结构设计可提高传感器性能,每个宏观结构都有自己的特点。最后对应变传感器的材料选择、制备工艺、结构设计、附加性能、集成技术和应用方向等方面进行了展望。     

基于抑制作用的新型葡萄糖氧化酶传感器测定环境污染物汞离子的研究

本文提出了一种基于抑制作用的新型葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器用于测定环境样品中二价汞离子。其工作原理是汞离子对电极上葡萄糖氧化酶分子的抑制作用引起响应电流的下降而产生一可测定信号。详细探讨了电极的氧化还原反应机理及测试性能。该传感器对汞离子的检出限是0．49ng／mL,抑制率和汞离子浓度的自然对数值在0．49～783．21ng／mL和783．21ng／mL-25．55μg／mL范围内分别呈良好的线性关系。酶电极在抑制后可以完全恢复活性。考察了铅(Ⅱ)、铜(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅱ)和铬(Ⅲ)离子对汞离子测定的干扰。测定了汞离子在土壤浸出液中的回收率,结果良好。     

超细Ag颗粒对葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器响应灵敏度的增强效应

生物传感器在临床医学、环境和食品工业等方面都有重要的用途［１］,且由于其具有体积小、精度高、灵敏度好和便于现场测定等优点,已成为当前研究的热点课题之一．其中研究得较多的是氧化酶电流型生物传感器,特别是介体型,由于其响应快,灵敏而倍受重视．现已报道的可...     

壳聚糖固定化葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器测定葡萄糖的含量

应用壳聚糖将葡萄糖氧化酶固定于鸡蛋膜上,结合氧电极制得葡萄糖传感器.实验表明,壳聚糖比戊二醛能更好地固定葡萄糖氧化酶,最佳条件为壳聚糖浓度0.3%、固定化酶量0.8 mg、 pH 7.0、缓冲溶液浓度300 mmol/L和温度25 ℃.本葡萄糖传感器的线性范围为0.016～1.10 mmol/L;检出限为8.0 μmol/L(S/N=3), 响应时间<60 s,有很好的稳定性,寿命>3个月.同一个传感器重复使用以及同方法制作的不同传感器之间都有很好的重现性,RSD分别为2.5%(n=10)和4.7%(n=4).实际样品中可能存在的烟酰胺、 VB6、 VB12、 VE、Ca2+、 Mg2+、 K+和Zn2+等对葡萄糖的测定不产生干扰.本传感器已成功地应用于市售饮料中葡萄糖含量的测定.     

葡萄糖氧化酶共价交联于蛋膜上的葡萄糖传感器

以牛血清白蛋白－戊二醛为交联剂，将葡萄糖氧化酶固定地鸡蛋膜上，氧电极作电化学敏感元件，制成葡萄糖氧化酶电极。传感器的响应范围为４．０×１０＾－６－２．４×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；检测限为１．２１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。该传感器具有线性范围宽，灵敏度高，使用寿命长等优点。     

镀铂金电极上电沉积碳纳米管-葡萄糖氧化酶-壳聚糖的新型生物传感器

通过电化学沉积将壳聚糖、葡萄糖氧化酶和碳纳米管固定到镀铂金电极上,制备了一种新型葡萄糖生物传感器.探讨了铂的电沉积时间、壳聚糖化学沉积时间、缓冲溶液pH和工作电位等对该牛物传感器的影响.实验结果表明,该生物传感器线性范围为1×10~(-6)1.2×10~(-2)mol/L,相关系数为0.9974,检测限为5.0×10~(-7)mol/L,响应时间≤8 s;血清中的尿酸、抗坏血酸等对葡萄糖的测定无干扰.利用该生物传感器测定了人血清中的葡萄糖,回收率在97%～105%之间.该生物传感器线性范围较宽,灵敏度高,响应迅速,抗干扰能力强,有望成为一种可推广的新型葡萄糖检测器.     

Simulation of Electrochemical Process for Glucose Oxidase Immobilized Conducting Polymer Electrodes

Abstract

Computer simulation of electrochemical processes that govern the operation of conducting polymer modified electrodes (CPME) have been reported in this paper. Comparison of the behaviour of a biocatalyst (GOX) in free solution and in the immobilized phase in conducting polymer modified electrodes (CPME) has been provided The output has been obtained using the Runga Kutta numerical method solved by programming in FORTRAN 77. The results point out that the catalytic current generated by an immobilized enzyme in layer is larger as compared to that for the enzyme in solution, and that it varies with the thickness of the diffusion layer.     

蜘蛛丝素和聚乙烯醇固定葡萄糖氧化酶 制备葡萄糖传感器

用蜘蛛丝素和聚乙烯醇的混合材料把葡萄糖氧化酶固定在氧电极表面,制成葡萄糖氧化酶电极。传感器对葡萄糖有灵敏的响应,平均响应时间为20s,电位变化值与葡萄糖浓度在3.0×10     

Prussian Blue Modified Amperometric Hg2+ Ion Biosensor Based on Glucose Oxidase Inhibition

In this research a Hg²⁺ ion biosensor was developed by combining Prussian blue (PB) with glucose oxidase (GOx) – an enzyme that can be inhibited by Hg²⁺ ions. An application of PB in the design of Hg²⁺ ion biosensor enabled detecting changes in hydrogen peroxide reduction current at low operational potential of 0.2 vs Ag|AgCl,KCl_sat. The described Hg²⁺ ion biosensor exhibited wide linear range from 27 μM to 247 μM of Hg²⁺ and higher maximal detectable concentration of Hg²⁺ than other GOx inhibition-based biosensors, making it convenient for the analysis of samples with high concentration of Hg²⁺ ions.     

以四硫富瓦烯为电子媒介体的电流式葡萄糖传感器

用四硫富瓦烯作为酶与电极之间的电子传递体，通过Ｎａｆｉｏｎ水溶液把葡萄糖氧化酶固定在Ｎａｆｉｏｎ－ＴＴＦ修饰玻碳电极上，最后在电极上装饰一层Ｎａｆｉｏｎ膜，制备成葡萄糖传感器。Ｎａｆｉｏｎ膜不仅能防止四硫富瓦烯流失，而且能把抗坏血酸、尿酸等电活性物质阻挡在电极外，防止其干扰，同时具有防污性能。通过实验表明ＴＴＦ＾＋１、ＴＴＴ＾＋２都能够氧化葡萄糖氧化酶中的辅酶。该传感器的线性范围为３．０×１０＾－     

Fabrication of a Highly Sensitive Glucose Biosensor Based on Immobilization of Osmium Complex and Glucose Oxidase onto Carbon Nanotubes Modified Electrode

In this research a novel osmium complex was used as electrocatalyst for electroreduction of oxygen and H₂O₂ in physiological pH solutions. Electroless deposition at a short period of time (60 s), was used for strong and irreversible adsorption of 1,4,8,12‐tetraazacyclotetradecane osmium(III) chloride (Os(III)LCl₂) ClO₄ onto single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) modified GC electrode. The modified electrode shows a pair of well defined and reversible redox couple, Os(IV)/Os(III) at wide pH range (1–8). The glucose biosensor was fabricated by covering a thin film of glucose oxidase onto CNTs/Os‐complex modified electrode. The biosensor can be used successfully for selective detection of glucose based on the decreasing of cathodic peak current of oxygen. The fabricated biosensor shows high sensitivity, 826.3 nA μM^?1cm^?2, low detection limit, 56 nM, fast response time <3 s and wide calibration range 1.0 μM–1.0 mM. The biosensor has been successfully applied to determination of glucose in human plasma. Because of relative low applied potential, the interference from electroactive existing species was minimized, which improved the selectivity of the biosensor. The apparent Michaelis‐Menten constant of GOx on the nanocomposite, 0.91 mM, exhibits excellent bioelectrocatalytic activity of immobilized enzyme toward glucose oxidation. Excellent electrochemical reversibility, high stability, technically simple and possibility of preparation at short period of time are of great advantages of this glucose biosensor.     

Reagentless Glucose Biosensor Based on the Direct Electrochemistry of Glucose Oxidase on Carbon Nanotube‐Modified Electrodes

The direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase (GOD) was revealed at a carbon nanotube (CNT)‐modified glassy carbon electrode, where the enzyme was immobilized with a chitosan film containing gold nanoparticles. The immobilized GOD displays a pair of redox peaks in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solutions (PBS) with the formal potential of about ?455 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) and shows a surface‐controlled electrode process. Bioactivity remains good, along with effective catalysis of the reduction of oxygen. In the presence of dissolved oxygen, the reduction peak current decreased gradually with the addition of glucose, which could be used for reagentless detection of glucose with a linear range from 0.04 to 1.0 mM. The proposed glucose biosensor exhibited high sensitivity, good stability and reproducibility, and was also insensitive to common interferences such as ascorbic and uric acid. The excellent performance of the reagentless biosensor is attributed to the effective enhancement of electron transfer between enzyme and electrode surface by CNTs, and the biocompatible environment that the chitosan film containing gold nanoparticles provides for immobilized GOD.     

Organically Modified Sol‐Gel/Chitosan Composite Based Glucose Biosensor

A new type of organically modified sol‐gel/chitosan composite material was developed and used for the construction of glucose biosensor. This material provided good biocompatibility and the stabilizing microenvironment around the enzyme. Ferrocene was immobilized on the surface of glassy carbon electrode as a mediator. The characteristics of the biosensor were studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The effects of enzyme‐loading, buffer pH, applied potential and several interferences on the response of the enzyme electrode were investigated. The simple and low‐cost glucose biosensor exhibited high sensitivity and good stability.     

Direct Electrochemistry of Cholesterol Oxidase Immobilized on a Conducting Polymer: Application for a Cholesterol Biosensor

Direct electrochemistry of cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) immobilized on the conductive poly‐3′,4′‐diamine‐2,2′,5′,2″‐terthiophene (PDATT) was achieved and used to create a cholesterol biosensor. A well‐defined redox peak was observed, corresponding to the direct electron transfer of the FAD/FADH₂ of ChOx, and the rate constant (k_s) was determined to be 0.75 s^?1. Glutathione (GSH) covalently bonded with PDATT was used as a matrix for conjugating AuNPs, ChOx, and MP, simultaneously. MP co‐immobilized with ChOx on the AuNPs‐GSH/PDATT exhibited an excellent amperometric response to cholesterol. The dynamic range was from 10 to 130 μM with a detection limit of 0.3±0.04 μM.     

Nafion—四硫富瓦烯修饰蜡浸石墨电极的葡萄糖传感器

本文用四硫富瓦烯（ＴＴＦ）作为酶与电极之间的电子传递体，通过牛血清蛋白和戊二醛交联剂，把葡萄糖化氧化酶固定在Ｎａｆｉｏｎ－ＴＴＦ修饰石墨电极上，最后在电极修饰一层Ｎａｆｉｏｎ膜，制备成葡萄糖传感器。Ｎａｆｉｏｎ膜不仅能防止四硫富瓦燃流失，而且能氢抗坏血酸，尿酸等电活生物质阻挡在电极外，防止其干扰，同时具有防污性能。通过实验表明ＴＴＦ＾＋，ＴＴＴ＾２＾＋都能够氧化葡萄糖氧化酶中的辅酶（ＦＡＤＨ２）。