Optical-transition Probability of Tm^3＋ Ions in Tm^3＋／Er^3＋：YVO4 Crystal

1INTRODUCTIONThelasersoperatedataround2mmwavelengthhavegainedmuchinterestbecauseofvariousappli-cations,e.g.(1)groundorspaceremotesensingforLIDARandmetrology,(2)medicalapplicationssinceliquidwaterhasastrongabsorptionbandnear2mm,and(3)eyesafelaser[1,2].The2…     

微波辅助化学浴快速沉积Eu:YVO4薄膜

应用简单有效的微波辐射辅助化学浴技术快速沉积了Eu：YVO4纳米颗粒膜．所沉积的Eu：YVO4薄膜均匀、密实、镜面．产物用x射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜、紫外分光光度计和荧光分光光度计进行测试、表征和分析．结果表明所得Eu：YVO4薄膜由纳米颗粒组成,具有高的(200)择优取向,结晶性良好,在紫外光激发下具有良好的荧光发射性能．     

GdVO4：Eu^3＋的真空紫外激发光谱研究

报道GdVO4:Eu^3 的光致发光光谱和真空紫外－紫外激发光谱。GdVO4:Eu^3 是高效率的真空紫外－紫外激发荧光材料。GdVO4:Eu^3 在60－350nm真空紫外－紫外波段的激发可能主要来源于基质的吸收,有明显的Eu^3 及Gd^3 的4f^n-15d吸收,在GdVO4:Eu^3 中,存在如下能量传递过程：VO4^3-→Eu^3 ,Gd^3 →Eu^3 ,Gd^3 →VO4^3-→Eu^3 ;通过后两个过程,Gd^3 -Eu^3 可实现量子剪裁。     

Yb^3＋对Tm^3＋间接敏化与基质晶格关系

Yb^3 敏化Tm^3 有两种方式,一种是直接敏化上转换,另一种是间接敏化上转换。前种直接采用980nm激光激发,而后者可用807nm激光激发,无疑后者有利于提高上转换发光的量子效率。由于基质晶格的晶体场强度不同,对称性有高有低,造成的稀土离子的能级分裂不同,通过分析双掺BaY2F8,Cs3Yb2C19等材料的光谱资料并结合生长的双掺Yb^3 ,Tm^3 :ZnWO4单晶光谱的实际测试与分析,提出了Yb^3 和Tm^3 间的间接敏化共振能量传输的新观点,并具体分析了能形成这一上转换机制的条件。与间接敏化非共振能量传输不同,一是Yb^3 的^2F5/2→^2F7/2的跃迁应与Tm^3 3H4→^1G4能级间隔尽可能接近;二是Yb^3 激发态能级^2F5/2与Tm^3 的^3H4能级尽可能接近。这要求基质材料的晶体场场强要弱,对称性要低。间接敏化共振能量传输极有可能引起光子雪崩上转换,这将为探索实用上转换激光晶体提供有益经验。     

976nm激发下Tm^3＋／Yb^3＋共掺TiBa玻璃微球上转换发光的形貌共振

制备了Tm^3 /Yb^3 共掺高折射率TiBa玻璃微球,玻璃基材主要成分为：TiO2,BaCO3和SiO2,稀土（％,摩尔分数）掺杂0.5Tm2O3和3Yb2O3。用976nm激光激发测量了它们的上转换蓝光发射。利用光学微腔理论讨论了玻璃微球荧光光谱中的形貌共振,并用Mie理论公式对共振峰间隔进行了计算,实验结果与计算结果相符。     

高密度发光材料BiTaO4：Pr^3＋和BiTaO4的发光特性研究

研究了BiTaO4:Pr^3 ,BiTaO4的光致发光性质，测量了BiTaO4的红外透射和漫反射光谱。BiTaO4的光致发光光谱发射峰位于约420，440，465nm；其激发谱在约330－370nm范围有明显的激发。BiTaO4:Pr^3 的光致发光光谱为Pr^3 的特征发射，主峰为606nm，来自Pr^3 的^3P0→^3H6跃迁；其激发谱由来自于基质的峰值为325nm和范围在375－430nm的宽激发带以及Pr^3 的特征激发组成，325nm,375-430nm的激发带可能分别来自钽酸根团的电荷迁移跃迁和基质的带间缺陷能级的吸收；在BiTaO4:Pr^3 中存在着基质→Pr^3 的能量传递。由于BiTaO4:Pr^3 基质的密度和Pr^3 的发光强度均超过PbWO4，因此BiTaO4:Pr^3 可能是潜在的重闪烁体。     

双掺Er3+,Yb3+离子KY(WO4)2晶体的光谱性质

研究分析了用助熔剂法生长的Er^3 /Yb^3 :KY(WO4)2晶体在室温下的吸收光谱和发射光谱，在吸收谱的350－1750nm区域，除了900－1050nm的谱带是Er^3 ,Yb^3 的共同谱带，其他的都属于Er^3 的谱带，用266nm激发时产生540－560，660－680，850－870，1450－1600nm四个发射带，用976nm激发时产生的主要是Er^3 的1450－1600nm发射带，这两 的能量转移机制不相同。     

YVO4∶Sm3+红色发光材料的熔盐法合成与光谱性能

采用熔盐法合成了YVO4∶Sm3+红色发光材料. 用X射线粉末衍射对其结构进行表征, 证实样品为具有锆石结构的YVO4相; 测定了样品的激发与发射光谱; 分析了不同的掺杂浓度和烧结温度对样品发光强度的影响. 研究结果表明, 采用熔盐法合成的样品均可以产生Sm3+的特征发射, 但是与其它方法相比, 熔盐法合成样品位于647 nm处Sm3+的4G5/2-6H9/2发射明显得到加强, 从而使得样品发出明亮的红光, 而不是其它合成方法获得的橙色光. 当掺杂浓度为1%(摩尔分数)且在500 ℃下烧结5 h后, 熔盐法得到的YVO4∶Sm3+荧光粉的发光强度最大.     

Preferential suppression of high-energy upconverted emissions of Tm3+ by Dy3+ ions in Tm3+/Dy3+/Yb3+-doped LiYF4 colloidal nanocrystals

The intensity of high energy UV and blue upconverted emissions of Tm(3+) ions in Tm(3+)/Yb(3+) co-doped LiYF(4) colloidal nanocrystals was selectively reduced compared to the NIR emission at 802 nm. This was achieved by doping a small amount of Dy(3+) ions into the host matrix.     

Optical parameters and upconversion fluorescence in Tm3+/Yb3+-doped alkali-barium-bismuth-tellurite glasses

Tm(3+)/Yb(3+)-doped alkali-barium-bismuth-tellurite (LKBBT) glasses have been fabricated and characterized. Density, refractive index, optical absorption, absorption and emission cross-sections of Yb(3+), Judd-Ofelt parameters and spontaneous transition probabilities of Tm(3+) have been measured and calculated, respectively. Intense blue three-photon upconversion fluorescence and near-infrared two-photon upconversion fluorescence were investigated under the excitation of a 980 nm diode laser at room temperature. Wide infrared transmission window, high refractive index and strong blue three-photon upconversion emission of Tm(3+) indicate that Tm(3+)/Yb(3+) co-doped LKBBT glasses are promising upconversion optical and laser materials.     

Yb3+、Tm3+共掺上转材料的发光性能

yb3+;tm3+;共掺杂;上转换材料;光谱     

Tm3+/Yb3+掺杂亚碲酸盐玻璃蓝红光上转换的研究

研究了掺Tm^3 /Yb^3 亚碲酸盐玻璃室温下的上转换发光。用970nm波长的半导体激光器作为泵浦源，得到了高效率的480nm波长上转换的荧光，通过对不同掺杂浓度样品的发光比较，发现了这种玻璃上转换发光的浓度猝灭现象，找出了这种玻璃得到高效率上转换发光的适宜浓度，并对Tm^3 的浓度猝灭现象进行了分析，通过对上转换发光强度与泵浦强度关系曲线的拟合，看到这种上转换是三光子吸收过程，这与通过能级图分析得到的结果相同，另外，也对650nm波长的转换发光进行了研究。     

Synthesis and surface modification of ultrasmall monodisperse NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+ upconversion nanoparticles

The emerging upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) have gained substantial consideration in the field of bioanalytical as well as diagnostic applications. Therefore, great progress has been made in the synthesis and surface modification of luminescent UCNPs over the last two decades. In this paper, we have reported monodispersed and high luminescent upconversion nanoparticles NaYF₄: 20%Yb³⁺, 2%Tm³⁺ have been synthesized using a solvothermal method, followed by a coating of the NaYF₄ shell with a thin layer of SiO₂ on the surface to afford the core-shell NaYF₄:Yb³⁺, Tm³⁺@SiO₂ nanoparticles (NP@SiO₂). The prepared nanoparticles were of strong upconversion fluorescent emission intensity, hexagonal phase, and with an average size of about 8 ± 1 nm, which have been characterized by luminescence spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the NP@SiO₂ can be used for the conjugation of fluorescent probes for various biomolecules and can find applications in cancer cell imaging and disease diagnosis.     

Cooperative near-IR to visible photon upconversion in Yb3+-doped MnCl2 and MnBr2: comparison with a series of Yb3+-doped Mn2+ halides

Yb3+-doped MnCl2 and MnBr2 crystals exhibit strong red upconversion luminescence under near-infrared excitation around 10 000 cm(-1) at temperatures below 100 K. The broad red luminescence band is centred around 15 200 cm(-1) for both compounds and identified as the Mn2+ 4T1g-->6A1g transition. Excitation with 10 ns pulses indicates that the upconversion process consists of a sequence of ground-state and excited-state absorption steps. The experimental VIS/NIR photon ratio at 12 K for an excitation power of 191 mW focused on the sample with a 53 mm lens is 4.1% for MnCl2:Yb3+ and 1.2% for MnBr2:Yb3+. An upconversion mechanism based on exchange coupled Yb3+-Mn2+ ions is proposed. Similar upconversion properties have been reported for RbMnCl3:Yb3+, CsMnCl3:Yb3+, CsMnBr3:Yb3+, RbMnBr3:Yb3+, Rb2MnCl4:Yb3+. The efficiency of the upconversion process in these compounds is strongly dependent on the connectivity between the Yb3+ and Mn2+ ions. The VIS/NIR photon ratio decreases by three orders of magnitude along the series of corner-sharing Yb3+-Cl--Mn2+, edge-sharing Yb3+-(Cl-)2-Mn2+ to face-sharing Yb3+-(Br-)3-Mn2+ bridging geometry. This trend is discussed in terms of the dependence of the relevant super-exchange pathways on the Yb(3+)-Mn2+ bridging geometry.     

Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧氯碲酸盐玻璃上转换发光研究

制备了Tm^3＋/Yb^3＋共掺氧氯碲酸盐玻璃, 研究了玻璃的热稳定性能、 Raman光谱和上转换发光光谱, 分析了上转换发光机制. 结果表明： 通过980 nm的激光二极管激发, 在室温下同时观察到强烈的蓝光（476 nm）和微弱的红光（649 nm）, 分别是Tm^3＋离子的1G4→3H6和1G4→3H4跃迁. 随氯化铅含量增加, 基质玻璃的热稳定性能增强, 基质玻璃的声子能量降低, 上转换蓝光和红光的强度增加. 表明Tm^3＋/Yb^3＋共掺氧氯碲酸盐玻璃是一种上转换蓝光激光器的潜在基质材料.     

Growth and Spectral Characteristics of Yb3＋-doped LiGd（MoO4）2 Crystal

The Yb3+-doped LiGd(MoO4)2 crystal with the size up to Φ20×30 mm3 has been grown by Czochralski technique.The polarized room temperature absorption and emission spectra have been investigated.This crystal exhibits a broad absorption band centered at 975 nm with an FWHM of 43 and 59 nm for π-and σ-polarization,respectively,and the corresponding maximal absorption cross-sections are 3.36 and 2.42×10-20 cm2.The emission broadband has an FWHM of 47 and 54 nm for π-and σ-polarization,respectively,with the corresponding emission cross sections of 3.92 and 3.34 × 10-20 cm2 at 1020 nm.The measured fluorescence lifetime is 287 μs.     

Structural and up-conversion luminescence properties in Tm3+/Yb3+-codoped heavy metal oxide-halide glasses

Tm3+/Yb3+-codoped heavy metal oxide-halide glasses have been synthesized by conventional melting and quenching method. Structural properties were obtained based on the Raman spectra, indicating that halide ion has an important influence on the phonon density and maximum phonon energy of host glasses. Intense blue and weak red emissions centered at 477 and 650 nm, corresponding to the transitions 1G4-->3H6 and 1G4-->3H4, respectively, were observed at room temperature. The possible up-conversion mechanisms are discussed and estimated. With increasing halide content, the up-conversion luminescence intensity and blue luminescence lifetimes of Tm3+ ion increase notably. Our results show that with the substitution of halide ion for oxygen ion, the decrease of phonon density and maximum phonon energy of host glasses both contribute to the enhanced up-conversion emissions.