LaGa-based bulk metallic glasses

We report the formation of La Ga-based bulk metallic glasses. Ternary La–Ga–Cu glassy rods of 2–3 mm in diameter can be easily formed in a wide composition range by the conventional copper mold casting method. With minor addition of extra elements such as Co, Ni, Fe, Nb, Y, and Zr, the critical diameter of the full glassy rods of the La–Ga–Cu matrix can be markedly enhanced to at least 5 mm. The characteristics and properties of these new La Ga-based bulk metallic glasses with excellent glass formation ability and low glass transition temperature are model systems for fundamental issues investigation and could have some potential applications in micromachining field.     

Developing aluminum-based bulk metallic glasses

This paper details a systematic investigation of the formation of Al-based bulk metallic glasses, expanding on an earlier brief report [Scripta Mater. 61 (2009) p.423]. We discuss an approach for designing and predicting the best glass-forming composition in the Al–TM–RE systems, based on the atomic cluster packing model for the internal structure of the glass. The effects of additional elements in quaternary and quinary systems on the glass-forming ability and thermal stability of the glasses are also discussed. Three new compositions, Al₈₆Ni₆Y_4.5Co₂La_1.5, Al₈₆Ni₇Y₅Co₁La₁ and Al₈₆Ni₇Y_4.5Co₁La_1.5, are capable of forming fully glassy rods of 1 mm in diameter; their glass transition and other thermal properties are systematically characterized.     

Ni-based Ni-Fe-B-Si-Ta bulk metallic glasses

The glass-forming ability and properties of Ni-based Ni-Fe-B-Si-Ta bulk metallic glasses are explored in this work. The alloy compositions are determined by using a combination of the cluster line approach, the multi-alloying strategy and the substitutions of similar elements. Bulk metallic glasses with diameters of 3 mm take shape at compositions formulated under the clus- ter-plus-glue-atom model [M9B]B~[(Ni1-xFex)7.71(Si0.66Ta0.34)1.29B]B0.94=(Ni1-xFex)70.5B17.7Si7.8Ta4, x=0.35–0.45, where the bracketed part is the cluster and the unbracketed part is the glue atoms. These alloys exhibit good magnetic properties. The maximum Is is found in the (Ni0.55Fe0.45)70.5B17.7Si7.8Ta4 alloy which reaches 0.51 T, with its Hc as low as 8.5 A/m. Interestingly, these alloys display dual glass transitions at (Ni0.65Fe0.35)70.5B17.7Si7.8Ta4, (Ni0.60Fe0.4)70.5B17.7Si7.8Ta4 and (Ni0.55Fe0.45)70.5B17.7- Si7.8Ta4 as unveiled by Temperature-Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry.     

Minor alloying behavior in bulk metallic glasses and high-entropy alloys

The effect of minor alloying on several bulk metallic glasses and high-entropy alloys was studied. It was found that minor Nb addition can optimize the interface structure between the W fiber and the Zr-based bulk metallic glass in the composites, and improve the mechanical properties. Minor Y addition can destabilize the crystalline phases by inducing lattice distortion as a result to improve the glass-forming ability, and the lattice distortion energy is closely related to the efficiency of space filling of the competing crystalline phases. A long-period ordered structure can precipitate in the Mg-based bulk metallic glass by yttrium alloying. For the high-entropy alloys, solid solution can be formed by alloying, and its mechanical properties can be comparable to most of the bulk metallic glasses.     

Pd-Si binary bulk metallic glass

Pd_80+x Si_20−x (x = 0, 1, and 2) binary metallic glasses with the diameter ranging from 7 to 8 mm were prepared by a combination of fluxing and water quenching or air cooling. Thermal analysis results show that with increasing Si content, the glass transition temperature T _g, the initial crystallization temperature T _x and the onset crystallization temperature T _p of Pd-Si binary glassy alloys increase. Moreover, the supercooled liquid region reaches 61 K. It indicates that Pd-Si binary alloys possess large glass forming ability, which can be greatly improved by fluxing treatment. Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB613905) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50671050 and 50431030)     

Corrosion behavior of bulk metallic glasses in different aqueous solutions

The corrosion behavior of as-cast fully amorphous, structural relaxed amorphous and crystallized Fe65.5Cr4Mo4Ga4P12C5B5.5 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) in NaCl, HCl and NaOH solutions was investigated by electrochemical polarization and immersion methods. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements was used to analyze the changes of the elements on the alloy surface before and after immersion in various solutions. The corrosion resistance of the Fe65.5Cr4Mo4Ga4P12C5B5.5 BMG was better than its structural r...     

超高强块体非晶合金的研究进展

研制具有极限力学性能的金属材料一直是材料研究人员的梦想.超高强块体非晶合金是一类具有极高断裂强度(4 GPa)、高热稳定性(玻璃化转变温度通常高于800 K)和高硬度(通常高于12 GPa)的新型先进金属材料,其代表合金材料Co-Ta-B的断裂强度可达6 GPa,为目前公开报道的块体金属材料的强度记录值.本文系统地综述了该类超高强度块体非晶合金的组分、热学性能、弹性模量及力学性能,阐述了该类材料的研发历程;以弹性模量为联系桥梁,阐明了该类超高强块体非晶合金材料各物理性能的关联性,并揭示了其高强度、高硬度的价键本质.相关内容对于材料工作者了解该类超高强度金属材料的性能和特点,并推进该类材料在航空航天先进制造、超持久部件、机械加工等领域的实际应用有着重要意义.     

判定金属玻璃微观结构中的二十面体类团簇

基于Voronoi几何分形法, 分析了理想二十面体团簇和ZrCu二元金属玻璃中各种团簇的结构特点, 提出了一种判定金属玻璃原子结构中二十面体类团簇的方法. 并选取三个ZrCu 非晶成分作为研究对象, 基于Voronoi团簇, 利用该方法提取了各种构型团簇, 证实其中四种构型团簇的基本几何结构与理想二十面体相似, 并具有同样近似于理想二十面体的高致密度、高规则度和高五次对称性, 因此可称之为二十面体类团簇. 此类二十面体类团簇可作为金属玻璃的主要结构单元, 普遍存在于非晶结构中; 二十面体类团簇及其连接能包含几乎所有的原子, 从而形成非晶结构. 研究结果提供了一种新的团簇判定方法, 有助于从微观结构层面分析合金中的非晶形成机理.     

Thermodynamical properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses

The temperature dependence of Gibb's free energy difference (ΔG), entropy difference (ΔS) and enthalpy difference (ΔH) between the undercooled melt and the corresponding equilibrium solid phases of bulk metallic glass (BMG) forming melts has been proved to be very useful in the study of their thermodynamical behavior. The present study is made by calculating ΔG, ΔS and ΔH in the entire temperature range T_m (melting temperature) to T_g (glass transition temperature) for three Zr-based samples of BMGs: Zr₅₇Cu_15.4Ni_12.6Al₁₀Nb₅, Zr_41.2Ti_13.8Ni₁₀Cu_12.5Be_22.5 and Zr_58.5Cu_15.6Ni_12.8Al_10.3Nb_2.8. The study is made on the basis of Taylor's series expansion and a comparative study is also performed between the present result and the result obtained in the framework of expansions proposed by earlier workers, and also with the experimental results. An attempt has also been made to study the glass forming ability for BMGs.     

Interactions between high-temperature deformation and crystallization in zirconium-based bulk metallic glasses

High-temperature deformation of a ZrTiCuNiBe bulk metallic glass (BMG) is investigated by compression tests in the supercooled liquid region. When the temperature is decreased or strain rate increased, the amorphous alloy exhibits the usual Newtonian/non-Newtonian transition behaviour. Using specific heat treatments, partially crystallized alloys are produced, the associated microstructures characterized and the volume fractions of the crystal measured. The interaction between high-temperature deformation and crystallization is investigated by appropriate mechanical testing. According to these measurements, partial crystallization is responsible for a significant increase in flow stress and the promotion of non-Newtonian behaviour. Deformation does not significantly change the volume fraction, composition or size of the crystal. The flow-stress increase with crystallization is analyzed under different hypotheses. We conclude that the flow-stress increase cannot be interpreted through a compositional change in the residual amorphous matrix, either by reinforcement due to hard crystallites or by connections between crystals. It appears that the effect is due to the nanometric size of the crystals alone.     

Cu-Zr-Ti系Cu基块体非晶合金的形成和成分优化

利用与团簇相关的变电子浓度判据研究了过渡金属Cu-Zr-Ti系中Cu基块体非晶合金的形成区域和成分特征.据此判据在Cu-Zr-Ti系相图中确定出三条特殊的成分线，(Cu_9／13Zr_4／13)_100-xTi_x，(Cu_0.618Zr_0.382)_100-xTi_x和(Cu_0.56Zr_0.44)关键词： 块体非晶合金 Cu-Zr-Ti合金 原子团簇 电子浓度     

具有优良玻璃形成能力添加Al的CuZr基大块金属玻璃

在CuZr二元大块金属玻璃的基础上，利用铜模吸铸方法制备出了添加Al组元的CuZr 基大块 金属玻璃.CuZr基大块金属玻璃在很宽的成分范围内有很强的玻璃形成能力，在Al含量从4％ 到8％之间，CuZr基大块金属玻璃都可以做出直径至少5 mm的非晶样品.通过实验分析，解释 了CuZr基大块金属玻璃具有良好玻璃形成能力的物理机理.CuZr基金属玻璃组分简单、成本 低廉，有潜在的应用价值；同时，制备CuZr基金属玻璃的方法为开发新的大块金属玻璃体系 提供了一条切实有效的途经. 关键词： 大块金属玻璃 玻璃形成能力 CuZr基金属玻璃     

Preferred clusters in metallic glasses

In this work,we present a feasible scheme based on framework of the sophisticated Voronoi tessellation method in order to evaluate what clusters should be preferred for building blocks in any given metallic glass,by analysing the fivefold-symmetry axes as well as the degree of structural regularity in various clusters.This scheme is well proved by a group of experiments and calculations,which may have broad implications for exploration of obtaining explicit and proper structural pictures,and understanding the structural origin of the unique properties and glass forming ability in these novel amorphous alloys.     

Energy model for the Zr-based metallic glass alloy melt with clusters

An energy model for the melt of bulk metallic glass (BMG) with clusters was established, the Gibbs free energy and interfacial energy for the Zr-Al-Ni ternary alloy melt with Zr2Ni clusters were calculated, and the effects of the clusters on the Gibbs free energy, interfacial energy and nucleation rate were analyzed. The results showed that the existence of the clusters in the Zr-Al-Ni ternary alloy melt enables the Gibbs free energy to decrease in the composition range where bulk metallic glass forms easily, makes the interfacial energy increase and changes the distribution of the interfacial energy with the alloy composition. Because of the clusters in the melt, the Gibbs free energy of the Zr66Al8Ni26 alloy melt decreases about 0.3-1 kJ/mol and the interfacial energy between the melt and crystal nucleus increases about 0.016 J/m2. The nucleation rate of the undercooled Zr66Al8Ni26 alloy melt decreases evidently under the influence of the clusters on Gibbs free energy and the interfacial energy, and the maximum of the nucleation rate in the melt with the Zr2Ni clusters is only about 107 mol-1·s-1.     

Three-point bending fracture characteristics of bulk metallic glasses

This paper presents the SEM micrographs for the three-point bending fracture surfaces of Zr-based, Ce-based and Mg-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), which show the dimple structures in the three kinds of BMGs. The shapes of the giant plastic deformation domain on the fracture surface are similar but the sizes are different. The fracture toughness KC and the dimple structure size of the Zr-based BMG are both the largest, and those of the Mg-based BMG are the smallest. The fracture toughness KC and the dimple structure size of the Ce-based BMG are between those of the Zr-based and the Mg-based BMG. Through analyzing the data of different fracture toughnesses of the BMGs, we find that the plastic zone width follows w = (KC/σY)2/(6π).     

Compressive fracture characteristics of Zr-based bulk metallic glass

The compressive fracture characteristics of Zr-based bulk metallic glass under uniaxial compression tests are studied.The zigzag rheological behavior is observed in the compression stress-strain curves of amorphous alloys.At room temperature the uniaxial compression fracture takes place along the plane which is at a 45-degree angle to the direction of the compressive stress.The microstructure of a typical fracture pattern is the vein network.A unique,finger-like vein pattern is found to exist at the fractur...     

Glass formation and magnetic properties of Fe-C-Si-B-P-(Cr-Al-Co) bulk metallic glasses fabricated using industrial raw materials

Formation of Fe-C-Si-B-P-(Cr-Al-Co) bulk metallic glasses with enhanced glass-forming ability (GFA) and magnetic properties fabricated using industrial pig-iron and Fe-P alloys as raw materials has been studied. It was found that GFA of the pig-iron (Fe_79.5C_18.0Si_2.3P_0.2, at%) could be improved by proper additions of only metalloids C, Si, P and B, and fully glassy structure was obtained in the Fe_75.5C_7.0Si_3.3B_5.5P_8.7 alloy with a critical diameter of 1 mm. With suitable additions of metallic elements Cr, Co and Al, the GFA is further increased and fully amorphous rods in 4 mm diameter can be prepared for the Fe_68.2C_7.0Si_3.3B_5.5P_8.7Cr_2.3Al_2.0Co_3.0 alloy that shows a unique combination of good soft-magnetic properties (M_s=1.03 T, H_c=9.39 A/m), high GFA and high fracture strength. These low-cost Fe-based bulk metallic glasses fabricated using industrial raw materials have a potential to be utilized as engineering materials.     

新型Pr基大块非晶及其特性研究

用铜模吸铸法获得了直径为5mm的一种新的Pr基大块非晶.与以往其他稀土-过渡金属(RE-TM)大块非晶不同的是，这种新的Pr基大块非晶具有明显的玻璃转变和稳定的过冷液相区，且其玻璃转变温度在目前已知的大块非晶中是最低的，T_g=409K.研究了该大块非晶的玻璃转变动力学，并给出了Kauzmann温度T_k、Vogel-Fulcher温度T⁰_g及脆性参数m等重要参数. 关键词： 大块非晶 玻璃转变 脆性参数m     

Deformation behavior of Fe-based bulk metallic glass during nanoindentation

Fe-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) normally exhibit super high strength but significant brittleness at ambient temperature. Therefore, it is difficult to investigate the plastic deformation behavior and mechanism in these alloys through conventional tensile and compressive tests due to lack of distinct macroscopic plastic strain. In this work, the deformation behavior of Fe₅₂Cr₁₅Mo₉Er₃C₁₅B₆ BMG was investigated through instrumented nanoindentation and uniaxial compressive tests. The results show that serrated flow, the typical plastic deformation feature of BMGs, could not be found in as-cast and partially crystallized samples during nanoindentation. In addition, the deformation behavior and mechanical properties of the alloy are insensitive to the applied loading rate. The mechanism for the appearance of the peculiar deformation behavior in the Fe-based BMG is discussed in terms of the temporal and spatial characteristics of shear banding during nanoindentation. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 50571109, 10572142 and 56771102) and the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)(Grant No 2007CB613900)     

Fracture characteristics of bulk metallic glass under high speed impact

High speed impact experiments of rectangular plate-shaped Zr₄₁Ti₁₄Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Be_22.5 bulk metallic glass (BMG) were performed using a two-stage light gas gun. Under spherical shock waves with impact velocities ranging from 0.503 km/s to 4.917 km/s, obvious traces of laminated spallation at the back (free) surface and melting (liquid droplets) at the impact point were observed. The angles about 0?, 17?, 36?, and 90? to the shocking direction were shown in the internal samples because of the interaction between the compressive shock waves and the rarefaction waves. The compressive normal stress was found to induce the consequent temperature rise in the core of the shear band.