共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
聚四氟乙烯材料表面激光改性与刻蚀 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用波长为248 nm的准分子激光束在不同激光能量密度下照射聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料的表面,并用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼(Raman)光谱等手段对激光处理前后样品的表面形貌、化学成分和结构进行测量和分析,进而对激光与聚四氟乙烯相互作用的机理进行了研究。实验结果表明,激光辐照使聚四氟乙烯表面产生去氟效应,导致表面碳化、分子链的交联以及含氧基团的产生,随着激光能量密度的增加,C=C双键逐渐形成。这些结构的变化可以导致表面硬度和粘结性增强。激光能量密度的大小对照射后样品表面的物理性质和化学结构有着重要的影响,它是聚合物表面激光改性和烧蚀的关键因素。 相似文献
2.
3.
Nichols William T. Malyavanatham Gokul Henneke Dale E. Brock James R. Becker Michael F. Keto John W. Glicksman Howard D. 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2000,2(2):141-145
Silver nanoparticles were produced by laser ablation of a continuously flowing aerosol of microparticles entrained in argon, nitrogen and helium at a variety of gas pressures. Nanoparticles produced in this new, high-volume nanoparticle production technique are compared with our earlier experiments using laser ablation of static microparticles. Transmission electron micrographs of the samples show the nanoparticles to be spherical and highly non-agglomerated under all conditions tested. These micrographs were analyzed to determine the effect of carrier gas type and pressure on size distributions. We conclude that mean diameters can be controlled from 4 to 20 nm by the choice of gas type and pressure. The smallest nanoparticles were produced in helium, with mean sizes increasing with increasing molecular weight of the carrier gas. These results are discussed in terms of a model based on cooling via collisional interaction of the nanoparticles, produced in the laser exploded microparticle, with the ambient gas. 相似文献
4.
Characterization of Nanoparticles by Scattering Techniques 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Basic principles and applications of different scattering techniques (including static and dynamic light scattering (SLS and DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS)) on the characterization of nanoparticles are reviewed in this paper. By choosing a suitable scattering technique or a combination of different techniques for nanoparticle characterization, the particles' molecular weight, radius of gyration, hydrodynamic radius, size distribution, shape and internal structure as well as interparticle interactions of nanoparticles, can be determined. Examples including some sophisticated colloidal systems are presented. 相似文献
5.
Seto Takafumi Kawakami Yuji Suzuki Nobuyasu Hirasawa Makoto Kano Seisuke Aya Nobuhiro Sasaki Shinya Shimura Hirofumi 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2001,3(2-3):185-191
Nanometer-sized particles of silicon and titanium oxide were generated by irradiating solid targets using a nanosecond pulsed-Nd : YAG laser in a low pressure atmosphere. A low pressure differential mobility analyzer (LP-DMA) was used to classify the size of the generated particles. The LP-DMA and electron microscopes (SEM and TEM) were used to measure the change in the size distribution and morphology of the generated particles with laser power density and system pressure. The size distribution of both silicon and titanium oxide ranged from two to one hundred nanometers in diameter depending on the laser power density and pressure. From the high resolution TEM observation and electron diffraction, it was found that the generated titanium oxide nanoparticles were composed of a core of faceted metallic single crystals with an oxide layer 'shell. 相似文献
6.
Ullmann Marc Friedlander Sheldon K. Schmidt-Ott Andreas 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2002,4(6):499-509
The properties of nanoparticle aerosols of size ranging from 4.9nm to 13nm, generated by laser ablation of solid surfaces are described. The experimental system consisted of a pulsed excimer laser, which irradiated a rotating target mounted in a cylindrical chamber 4cm in diameter and 18-cm long. Aerosols of oxides of aluminum, titanium, iron, niobium, tungsten and silicon were generated in an oxygen carrier gas as a result of a reactive laser ablation process. Gold and carbon aerosols were generated in nitrogen by non-reactive laser ablation. The aerosols were produced in the form of aggregates of primary particles in the nanometer size range. The aggregates were characterized using a differential mobility analyzer and electron microscopy. Aggregate mass and number concentration, electrical mobility size distribution, primary particle size distribution and fractal dimension were measured. System operating parameters including laser power (100mJ/pulse) and frequency (2Hz), and carrier gas flow rate (1l/min) were held constant.A striking result was the similarity in the properties of the aerosols. Primary particle size ranged between 4.9 and 13nm for the eight substances studied. The previous studies with flame reactors produced a wider spread in primary particle size, but the order of increasing primary particle size follows the same trend. While the solid-state diffusion coefficient probably influences the size of the aerosol in flame reactors, its effect is reduced for aerosols generated by laser ablation. It is hypothesized that the reduced effect can be explained by the collision-coalescence mechanism and the very fast quenching of the laser generated aerosol. 相似文献
7.
A pulsed laser-assisted in liquid environment method has been developed successfully to synthesize size-tunable (5–12 nm) and different shapes (sphere, rod, rope) of nano II–VI semiconductor (cadmium sulfide). This method can be carried out in two ways; the first one is the top-down technique, which has been discussed in publications in the last few decades, and the other one is the bottom-up technique, which appears for the first time in this paper. X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy confirm that the nanoparticles are crystalline. The methods lead to the production of nanomaterials, which are important for photonics and biosensing applications. Both synthesized methods can be applied in all materials because of their ability to ablate almost all kinds of materials due to the ultrahigh energy density and control over the growth process by manipulating the process parameters such as intensity, wavelength, and so on. 相似文献
8.
Two‐Photon Imaging of a Cellular Line Using Organic Fluorescent Nanoparticles Synthesized by Laser Ablation 下载免费PDF全文
Laura Aparicio‐Ixta J. E. Alba‐Rosales Gabriel Ramos‐Ortiz Mario Rodriguez Juan L. Pichardo‐Molina Gerardo Gutierrez‐Juarez Myrna Sabanero‐Lopez Liss Flores Villavicencio Rosa Santillan Víctor M. Tellez‐Lopez Daniel Martinez‐Fong 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》2016,33(2):101-109
A comparative study of the optical properties of organic fluorescent nanoparticles fabricated by laser ablation (NPs‐LA), reprecipitation (NPs‐RP), and microemulsion (NPs‐ME) methods is presented. These nanoparticles contain a fluorene‐based p‐conjugated molecule (BT2). Distinctive electronic transitions are observed in samples due to the specific way in which the molecule BT2 is assembled in each type of nanoparticles; for instance, transitions involved in absorption and emission spectra of NPs‐LA result in blueshifting with respect to the molecular solution of BT2, whereas redshifting is observed in NPs‐RP and NPs‐ME. Further, the results show that under infrared excitation, the aqueous suspensions of NPs‐LA exhibit the highest fluorescence induced by two‐photon absorption (≈790 GM at 740 nm), as well as the best photostability, compared with aqueous suspensions of NPs‐RP and NPs‐ME. The nanoparticles synthetized by the three aforementioned methods are employed as exogenous agents for the visualization of human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) using confocal and two‐photon microscopy. Under similar experimental conditions, it is found that microscopy images of the best quality are obtained with NPs‐LA. These results show that laser ablation is a suitable technique for the fabrication of organic fluorescent nanoparticles used as contrast agents for in vitro fluorescence microscopy. 相似文献
9.
Nd:YAG激光器切割金刚石膜的特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用Nd:YAG激光器对金刚石膜进行切割,研究了激光器在不同输出功率下切割金刚石膜的速率和切割深度与时间的关系,以及Nd:YAG激光器切割的金刚石膜在成份和形状上的变化特点,给出了比较理想的切割工艺条件。 相似文献
10.
用Nd:YAG脉冲激光器1 064 nm激发光在二次去离子水中制备了Pd胶体.此体系中Pd颗粒表面不存在杂质离子,为"化学纯净".刻蚀后将Pd胶体沉积在铝基底上形成一层Pd岛膜.紫外-可见吸收光谱表明Pd胶体在200~800 nm测量范围内没有出现特征吸收峰,说明Pd胶体的吸收光谱并不能反映Pd胶体中Pd颗粒的粒径分布等信息.SEM显示Pd岛膜由Pd纳米颗粒组成,其平均粒径在200 nm左右.以101-3mo/·L-1的4-巯基吡啶(4MPY)为探针分子对Pd胶体和Pd岛膜的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)进行了研究.结果显示,在Pd胶体中没有获得4MPY的SERS信号;Pd岛膜是一种非常高效的活性增强基底,从实验数据估算得出其增强因子约为8.7×104.SERS光谱分析显示4MPY分子通过S原子以倾斜的方式吸附于Pd岛膜表面;与Pd岛膜表面相比,4MPY分子在Ag岛膜上更趋于采用垂直于表面的吸附取向. 相似文献
11.
利用激光烧蚀方法在水中制备了金核银壳层纳米颗粒胶体,发现这种复合胶体的等离子体振动吸收峰频率会随着激光烧蚀时间的不同而发生改变。利用等离子杂化理论定性解释了共振吸收峰可调谐的物理机制. 相似文献
12.
LOU Qihong ZHENG Jun DONG Jingxin LI Jing WEI Yunrong HUANG Weimin WANG Youqing AN Chengwu 《Chinese Journal of Lasers》1998,7(3):209-212
SynthesisofNanometerGlasandCrystalParticlesbyExcimerLaserAblationLOUQihongZHENGJunDONGJingxinLIJingWEIYunrongHUANGWeimin(Sha... 相似文献
13.
14.
ZHANG Duan-Ming FANG Ran-Ran LI Zhi-Hua GUAN Li LI Li TAN Xin-Yu LIU Dan LIU Gao-Bin HU De-Zhi 《理论物理通讯》2007,48(7):163-168
We develop a new synthetical model of high-power pulsed laser ablation, which considers the dynamic absorptance, vaporization, and plasma shielding. And the corresponding heat conduction equations with the initial and boundary conditions are given. The numerical solutions are obtained under the reasonable technical parameter conditions by taking YBa2CusO7 target for example. The space-dependence and time-dependence of temperature in target at a certain laser fluence are presented, then, the transmitted intensity through plasma plume, space-dependence of temperature and ablation rate for different laser fluences are significantly analyzed. As a result, the satisfactorily good agreement between our numerical results and experimental results indicates that the influences of the dynamic absorptance, vaporization, and plasma shielding cannot be neglected. Taking all the three mechanisms above simultaneously into account for the first time, we cause the present model to be more practical. 相似文献
15.
ZHANG Duan-Ming FANG Ran-Ran LI Zhi-Hua GUAN Li LI Li TAN Xin-Yu LIU Dan LIU Gao-Bin HU De-Zhi 《理论物理通讯》2007,48(1):163-168
We develop a new synthetical model of high-power pulsed laser ablation, which considers the dynamic absorptance, vaporization, and plasma shielding. And the corresponding heat conduction equations with the initial and boundary conditions are given. The numerical
solutions are obtained under the reasonable technical parameter
conditions by taking
YBa2Cu3O7 target for example. The
space-dependence and time-dependence of temperature in target at a certain
laser fluence are presented, then, the transmitted intensity through plasma
plume, space-dependence of temperature and ablation rate for different laser fluences are significantly analyzed. As a result, the satisfactorily good agreement between our numerical results and experimental results indicates that the influences of the dynamic
absorptance, vaporization, and plasma shielding cannot be neglected. Taking all the three mechanisms above simultaneously into account for the first time, we cause the present model to be more practical. 相似文献
16.
通过在不同的环境气压下拍摄脉冲激光烧蚀金属Cu诱导产生的发光羽,获取了不同区域具有不同颜色特征的发光羽照片.结果发现:发光羽的颜色随环境气压的改变而变化.采用空间分辨光谱技术,测定了激光诱导金属Cu靶产生发光羽辐射强度的空间分布,以及不同烧蚀环境气压对发光羽辐射强度的影响.研究了脉冲激光烧蚀Cu表面诱导发光的动力学过程,建立了可能的发光羽分区模型,对发光羽的不同区域发光粒子的激发机理进行了探讨,并用之定性地解释了所观察的实验现象.结果分析表明:脉冲激光诱导Cu产生的发光羽可以分为三个区域,不同区域的发光机理不同,Cu原子和Cu离子的激发机理不完全相同. 相似文献
17.
Nichols William T. Malyavanatham Gokul Henneke Dale E. O'Brien Daniel T. Becker Michael F. Keto John W. 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2002,4(5):423-432
Silver nanoparticles were produced by laser ablation of a continuously flowing aerosol of microparticles in nitrogen at varying laser fluences. Transmission electron micrographs were analyzed to determine the effect of laser fluence on the nanoparticle size distribution. These distributions exhibited bimodality with a large number of particles in a mode at small sizes (3–6-nm) and a second, less populated mode at larger sizes (11–16-nm). Both modes shifted to larger sizes with increasing laser fluence, with the small size mode shifting by 35% and the larger size mode by 25% over a fluence range of 0.3–4.2-J/cm2. Size histograms for each mode were found to be well represented by log-normal distributions. The distribution of mass displayed a striking shift from the large to the small size mode with increasing laser fluence. These results are discussed in terms of a model of nanoparticle formation from two distinct laser–solid interactions. Initially, laser vaporization of material from the surface leads to condensation of nanoparticles in the ambient gas. Material evaporation occurs until the plasma breakdown threshold of the microparticles is reached, generating a shock wave that propagates through the remaining material. Rapid condensation of the vapor in the low-pressure region occurs behind the traveling shock wave. Measurement of particle size distributions versus gas pressure in the ablation region, as well as, versus microparticle feedstock size confirmed the assignment of the larger size mode to surface-vaporization and the smaller size mode to shock-formed nanoparticles. 相似文献
18.
激光烧蚀金属表面产生的发射光谱分析 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
用观测时间和空间分辨发射光谱的方法研究了脉冲激光烧蚀金属铝靶过程中产生的等离子体羽的特性,计算了其膨胀速度,讨论了大气中等离子体点燃的机制。 相似文献
19.
J. F. Zhou Z. Chen L. B. He C. H. Xu L. Yang M. Han G. H. Wang 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,43(1-3):283-286
InSb nanostructures have been synthesized by the use of
gas aggregation process. Nanoparticles with different shapes are obtained by
controlling the growth and deposition temperature of the InSb nanoclusters.
Triangular nanocrystals are commonly observed when the clusters are
extracted from the condensation chamber of the source and deposited on the
room temperature substrate at high vacuum. When the deposition is performed
inside the condensation chamber at high temperature near the melting point
of bulk InSb, nanoparticles formed on the substrate surface show several
kinds of 3-dimensional morphologies, such as triangular or rectangular
prisms, as well as hexagonal tablets. Keeping the same conditions for the
cluster source operation and deposition, after long time growth, nanorods
with hexagonal and quadrangular cross sections are formed through
vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) process. The origin of the difference on the
morphologies and shapes of the nanostructures is attributed to the
anisotropic growth of InSb, which is temperature dependent. 相似文献
20.
A. Lando N. Kébaïli Ph. Cahuzac C. Colliex M. Couillard A. Masson M. Schmidt C. Bréchignac 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,43(1-3):151-154
Preformed clusters carrying surfactant are used as primary blocks for the building of nano structures. Self assembly of silver
atom based clusters, soft landed on a HOPG surface, generates a large variety of new architectures depending on the nature
and on the concentration of the impurities. Fractal shapes fragmented into multiple compact like islands, and chain like structures
might be formed. A strong local enhancement of the silver atom mobility at the surface of islands is responsible for those
morphology changes. 相似文献