Enhancement of chi((2)) cascading processes in one-dimensional photonic bandgap structures

We theoretically analyze the nonlinear phase shifts induced by cascaded chi((2)):chi((2)) processes in one-dimensional photonic bandgap structures. We find that the enhancement of the density of modes near the band edge, coupled with a suitable choice of relative phase mismatch, leads to a remarkable new effect: The relative phase shift of the fundamental field on transmission can be of the order of pi over a distance of 7mum , with input intensities of the order of only 10 MW/cm(2).     

Coherence of supercontinua generated by ultrashort pulses compressed in optical fibers

Femtosecond fiber lasers together with nonlinear fibers are compact, reliable, all-fiber supercontinuum sources. Maintaining an all-fiber configuration, however, necessitates pulse compression in an optical fiber, which can lead to nonlinearities for subhundred femtosecond, nanojoule pulses. In this work we show that using large-mode-area fibers for pulse compression mitigates the nonlinearity, resulting in compressed pulses with significantly reduced satellite pulses. Consequently, supercontinua generated with these pulses are shown to have as much as a 10 dB increase in coherence fringe contrast. By using a hybrid highly nonlinear fiber-photonic crystal fiber, the continuum can be extended to visible wavelengths while still maintaining high coherence.     

Enhanced photoinduced chi((2)) in gamma-ray-irradiated bulk glass

Gamma-ray-irradiated light-flint silicate bulk glass (Schott Glass LF5), which contains a large amount of lead oxide, displays enhanced photoinduced quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation (PSHG), whereas nonirradiated glass under the same experimental conditions does not generate this nonlinear effect. The dependence of the efficiency of PSHG on the amount of gamma radiation (up to 530 krad) is experimentally studied, as is the role of thermal recovery (bleaching) of the color centers as a result of seeding with the second harmonic. The effect of long-term fading is studied with a sample that was irradiated 8 years ago. Gamma irradiation of boron-crown silicate glass (BK7) does not show this enhancement.     

Generation of few-cycle laser pulses by coherent synthesis based on a femtosecond Yb-doped fiber laser amplification system

We demonstrate a coherent synthesis system based on femtosecond Yb-doped fiber laser technology. The output pulse of the amplification system is divided into two replicas and seeded into photonic crystal fibers of two parallel branches for nonlinear pulse compression. Because of the different nonlinear dynamics in the photonic crystal fibers, the compressed pulses show different spectra, which can be spliced to form a broad coherent spectrum. The integrated timing jitter between the pulses of two branches is less than one tenth of an optical cycle.By coherently synthesizing pulses from these two branches, 8 fs few-cycle pulses are produced.     

Cross-validation of theoretically quantified fiber continuum generation and absolute pulse measurement by MIIPS for a broadband coherently controlled optical source

The predicted spectral phase of a fiber continuum pulsed source rigorously quantified by the scalar generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation is found to be in excellent agreement with that measured by multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan (MIIPS) with background subtraction. This cross-validation confirms the absolute pulse measurement by MIIPS and the transform-limited compression of the fiber continuum pulses by the pulse shaper performing the MIIPS measurement, and permits the subsequent coherent control on the fiber continuum pulses by this pulse shaper. The combination of the fiber continuum source with the MIIPS-integrated pulse shaper produces compressed transform-limited 9.6 fs (FWHM) pulses or arbitrarily shaped pulses at a central wavelength of 1020 nm, an average power over 100 mW, and a repetition rate of 76 MHz. In comparison to the 229-fs pump laser pulses that generate the fiber continuum, the compressed pulses reflect a compression ratio of 24.     

Large nonlinear phase shif towing to cascaded chi((2)) in quasi-phase-matched bulk LiNbO(3)

Large nonresonant effective nonlinear indices that are due to cascading have been observed by Z-scan and CCD camera measurements performed on quasi-phase-matched LiNbO(3). Positive and negative values of n(cascad)(2) were measured at temperatures symmetrically displayed with respect to the optimum phase-matching temperatures (2.39 x 10(-13) and -2.37 x 10(-13)cm(2)/W, respectively).     

基于光子晶体光纤光脉冲压缩的理论研究

从理论上研究了单根光子晶体光纤的光脉冲压缩,利用较短的具有高非线性系数的光子晶体光纤可以实现较高质量的光脉冲压缩。针对单根光子晶体光纤压缩光脉冲的限制,提出了一种基于光子晶体光纤非线性环路镜中交叉相位调制效应的脉冲压缩方法。理论研究表明,这种脉冲压缩方式可以压缩自身功率较低的信号脉冲,相比于单根光子晶体光纤的方法,可以得到更高压缩质量的脉冲,通过合理选择控制光脉冲的参数,可以有效地抑制基座。     

新型全光纤高能量飞秒光脉冲源的数值模拟

数值模拟了自相似脉冲的产生与压缩,得到一种产生高能量飞秒光脉冲的新方法.结果表明:利用掺铒光纤对光脉冲进行自相似传输,可得到含线性频率啁啾的高能量自相似光脉冲;自相似光脉冲经过空芯光子带隙光纤的一级线性压缩和高非线性光纤的二级非线性压缩,可获得高峰值功率的飞秒光脉冲;压缩过程中存在最佳光纤长度;喇曼自频移和自陡效应对脉冲压缩产生不利影响.     

基于高非线性微结构光纤环镜的脉冲压缩与基座抑制

提出了利用一种高非线性微结构光纤构成非线性光纤环镜（NOLM）进行脉冲压缩和基座抑制的方案.所提出的微结构光纤具有高非线性系数和大反常色散.理论研究了基于这种微结构光纤的NOLM对脉冲的压缩效应,并分析了压缩的机制.数值结果表明,这种NOLM采用较短的光纤长度就能有效地压缩脉冲并明显抑制了基座.对于给定的输入脉冲,存在一个最优的环路长度,可以获得高质量的压缩脉冲.通过适当选择耦合比和环路长度,则可以完全消除脉冲的基座.     

Soliton multistability as a result of double-resonance wave mixing in chi((2)) media

We investigate analytically and numerically the existence and stability properties of three-wave solitons resulting from double-resonance (type I plus type II) parametric interaction in a purely quadratic nonlinear medium. The existence of a family of stable solitons for the double-resonance model is demonstrated in a broad parameter range. Moreover, these solitons are shown to exhibit multistability, a feature that is potentially useful for optical switching applications. Finally, we find and present a novel family of quasi solitons.     

飞秒激光脉冲在正色散固体材料中的自压缩

实验研究了正色散固体介质中的激光脉冲自压缩现象,证明了无需任何外加色散补偿情况下，固体透明介质中的自聚焦传输过程可使高功率飞秒激光脉冲实现时域脉冲压缩，并详细研究了输出脉冲的时域和频域特性随入射脉冲强度的演化规律.实验结果表明脉冲自压缩量随入射脉冲强度的增加呈递增趋势，然而当入射光强增大到足以引起超连续谱及锥形辐射产生时，脉冲时域形状会发生分裂.此外还发现发散光束入射情况下同样可以观察到脉冲自压缩现象. 关键词： 超短激光脉冲 脉冲压缩 非线性传输     

Pulse self-compression in normally dispersive bulk media

We experimentally demonstrate that high-power femtosecond pulses can be compressed during the nonlinear propagation in the normally dispersive solid bulk medium. The self-compression behavior was detailedly investigated under a variety of experimental conditions, and the temporal and spectral characteristics of resulted pulses were found to be significantly affected by the input pulse intensity, with higher intensity corresponding to shorter compressed pulses. By passing through a piece of BK7 glass, a self-compression from 50 to 20 fs was achieved, with a compression factor of about 2.5. However, the output pulse was observed to be split into two peaks when the input intensity is high enough to generate supercontinuum and conical emission.     

Femtosecond parabolic pulse nonlinear compression with gas-filled hollow-core fiber

We study theoretically the spectral intensity evolutions of the femtosecond Gaussian and parabolic pulses with different initial pulse energies and compare the nonlinear compressions of these pulses based on a meter-long hollow-core fiber filled with neon for different initial pulse durations. The pulses are first coupled into gas-filled hollow-core fiber for spectrum broadening, then compressed by the optimal chirp compensation. The parabolic pulse possesses a shorter pulse duration, larger peak power, and cleaner wings than Gaussian pulse. The properties are useful for compressing the pulses and thus generating the high-energy, short-duration pulses.     

利用锁模光纤激光器在色散位移光纤中产生超连续谱的研究

采用主动锁模光纤激光器输出的重复频率10GHz、脉宽7．97ps的脉冲作为抽运光源,无需压缩后直接抽运4．2km的普通色散位移光纤(DSF)．利用色散位移光纤中自相位调制、交叉相位调制等非线性效应的联合作用,获得了20dB带宽达125nm、覆盖整个C波段、L波段和部分S波段的超连续(SC)谱。实验研究了抽运光脉冲峰值功率和抽运波长对超连续谱宽度的影响,结果表明抽运光脉冲峰值功率越高,得到的超连续谱的带宽越宽;通过对抽运波长的优化,可以实现最大程度的超连续展宽;分析了滤波器带宽对脉冲质量的影响;利用0．4nm带宽的可调谐滤波器对从超连续谱中滤出脉冲的特性进行了研究,在超连续谱的不同波长处获得了脉宽为8．90～9．80ps、时间一带宽积为0．44～0．49的稳定的窄光脉冲。     

基于绝热孤子压缩效应的小基座孤子脉冲研究

高重复频率超短光脉冲产生技术是高速光时分复用(OTDM)系统的关键技术之一,而一般的超短脉冲源直接产生的脉冲往往不够窄,因此必须对光脉冲进行压缩后才能满足高速光通信系统的要求。采用360 m长的色散渐减光纤(DDF),成功将从再生锁模光纤激光器(RMLFL)输出的中心波长1546 nm、重复频率10 GHz、脉宽分别为5.40 ps和4.60 ps的光脉冲,绝热压缩为脉宽为1.93 ps和1.71 ps的小基座孤子脉冲,压缩因子分别为2.80和2.69。利用这种绝热孤子压缩方法得到的光脉冲质量较好,可以用于160 Gb/s的光时分复用系统。     

Scaling of femtosecond Yb-doped fiber amplifiers to tens of microjoule pulse energy via nonlinear chirped pulse amplification

We demonstrate that the compensation of self-phase modulation by third-order dispersion can be exploited in the design of fiber amplifiers with tens of microjoules pulse energy. At the highest energies, the amplified pulse accumulates nonlinear phase shift as large as 17 pi. Gain-narrowing occurs in the final amplifier stage, but shorter pulses are still generated with larger nonlinear phase shifts. A large-mode-area Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber amplifier generates diffraction-limited 30 microJ pulses, which are compressed to 240 fs duration. These are converted to the second harmonic with 48% conversion efficiency, as expected theoretically, which confirms the pulse quality.     

Nonlinear chirp compensation by scan filtering in SAIL

The nonlinear chirp of a tunable laser generates the phase errors and damages the range resolution in synthetic aperture imaging ladar (SAIL). In the compensation algorithms establishing matched and nonmatched reference paths, the phase errors were compensated in a whole echo pulse. In this paper a compensation algorithm of nonlinear chirp by scan filtering is proposed.The heterodyne signals of different echoes from all target points in a footprint are scan filtered from one whole heterodyne signal of one whole echo pulse in the spectrum. The phase errors of these heterodyne signals are measured by phase-shifting algorithm in reference path and compensated separately. Then all the compensated signals are combined back into a whole heterodyne pulse and compressed in range. After all heterodyne pulses are compressed in range, the azimuth compensation is followed.The mathematical flow of this compensation algorithm is established. The simulation of the airborne SAIL model validates the feasibility, and the bandwidth of range compression decreases obviously. The effects of nonlinear chirp and the pass bandwidth of the scan filter are analyzed and discussed finally.     

泵浦光波形和脉宽对飞秒激光对比度的影响

 采用宽带数值模型，应用四阶龙格-库塔数值算法对三波耦合方程进行数值分析，研究了泵浦光的波形和脉宽在提高光参量啁啾脉冲放大系统输出飞秒激光对比度的作用。结果表明：在泵浦光脉宽较小的条件下，采用平滑的泵浦光波形更有利于提高飞秒激光对比度；在泵浦光脉宽较宽时，飞秒激光对比度得到很好地提高，而对泵浦光波形不敏感；但继续提高泵浦光脉宽并不能进一步改善飞秒激光对比度，而系统的转换效率却显著降低。     

利用群速度匹配的级联二阶非线性实现超短激光脉冲压缩

提出了一种采用倾斜脉冲的级联二阶非线性来实现超短激光脉冲压缩的方法. 对基于单块BBO晶体中基频光与倍频光群速度匹配的级联二阶非线性的脉冲压缩方案进行了理论分析. 对比研究了群速度匹配与失配情况下利用级联二阶非线性进行脉冲压缩的效果, 并模拟分析了基频光与倍频光的位相失配量、非线性晶体长度、 基频光初始峰值光强和初始脉宽等因素对脉冲压缩效果的影响. 结果表明, 基频光与倍频光的群速度匹配将会大幅度改善压缩脉冲的时间波形和频谱分布. 通过对位相失配量、晶体长度、初始光强等参数的优化和选取可获得较理想的压缩效果. 采用倾斜脉冲的级联二阶非线性的脉宽压缩方法, 针对中心波长800 nm、脉宽100 fs, 峰值光强为50 GW/cm²的基频光脉冲, 采用25 mm厚BBO晶体, 当基频光与倍频光位相失配量Δk=60 mm^-1(对应失谐角1.98°), 晶体外部脉冲前沿倾斜角γ₀=74°时, 计算获得了质量较好的20 fs剩余基频光, 并同时产生了14 fs的倍频光. 关键词： 倾斜波 级联二阶非线性 群速度失配 脉冲压缩     

高强度飞秒激光脉冲在空气中的自压缩

利用高重复频率（1kHz）、吉瓦级飞秒激光脉冲实验验证了高强度飞秒脉冲在空气中的自 压缩现象，研究了入射脉冲在不同初始啁啾情况下经空气中聚焦成丝后，时域及频域特性随 入射脉冲能量的变化规律.实验结果表明，在无需后继色散补偿情况下，高强度飞秒脉冲仅 通过在空气中的非线性传输过程就可以实现脉冲压缩；在入射脉冲为负啁啾情况下，实验观 察到脉冲光谱及时域宽度同时得到压缩，并可获得比激光源所能提供的更短的近双曲正割型 变换限脉冲. 关键词： 高强度飞秒激光脉冲 自压缩 自聚焦