六次甲基四胺与氯化苄加合物的晶体结构

六次甲基四胺(HMT)与氯化苄加成所得的Sommelet反应中间产物的单晶样品用SYNTEX R3型四圆衍射仪,以θ/2θ扫描方式收集了2677个衍射数据并进行了结构分析.晶体属空间群P2₁2₁2₁.晶胞参数α=7.692(1)Å,b=18.405(3)Å,c=19.059(3)Å,晶胞中含八个G₆H₅CH₂Cl·N₄(CH₂)₆.经PL,K,B及吸收因子的校正得绝对强度.全部非氢原子坐标的初始参数由SHELXTL直接法程序所得的E图导出.对坐标及热参数经六轮块矩阵最小二乘法修正,再加入氢原子修正两轮后得一致性因子R₁=0.040,R₂=0.032(加权).结构分析证实,此Sommelet反应中间物由季胺盐阳离子与氯离子所组成.在晶体中观察到苄基与HMT中N^*直接键连,并导致HMT中N^*—C^*键有极显著的键长增长效应,而与N^*—C^*邻接的C^*—N键则有所增强.由此预期当此加合物水解时,N^*—C^*弱键首先瓦解是较合理的.     

二乙酰丙酮氧钒与γ-甲基吡啶配位化合物的晶体结构

用X射线单晶衍射方法测定了二乙酰丙酮氧钒与γ-甲基吡啶加合物VO(CH_3COCHCOCH_3)_2·NC_5H_4CH_3的晶体结构.晶体属空间群Cm(C_8~3),晶胞参数α=8.288(3)A,b=13.983(7)A,c=11.459(4)A,β=138.32(2)°,Ζ=2.由SYNTEX R3型四圆衍射仪收集了876个独立衍射数据,以Patterson重原子法导出粗结构,经块矩阵最小二乘法修正,最终得偏离因子R=0.093.所得结果与相应吡啶1∶1加合物的分子结构参数进行了对比,探讨了VO(acac)_2·L型这类化合物的结构化学特点,并对第六位配键的键型进行了分析和讨论.     

氮杂冠醚的研究——Ⅷ.N-取代-2,3-苯并-10-氮杂-1,4,7,1 3-四氧杂-环十五-2-烯的合成及其对碱金属离子的配合作用

2,3-苯并-10-氮杂-1,4,7,13-四氧杂-环十五-2-烯前与溴代烃或溴代多甘醇单烷基醚,在无水碳酸钾存在下,在乙腈中缩合制得N-取代-2,3-苯并-lO-氮杂-1,4,7,13-四氧杂-环十五-2-烯化合物(1-11),取代基为:n-C_4H_9,i-C_5H_11,n-C_7H15,CH_2CH_2OCH_3,CH_2CH_2OCH_2CH_3,CH_2CH_2OC_4H_9,(CH_2CH_2O)_2CH_3,(CH_2H_2O)_2C_2H_5,(CH_2CH_2O)_2C_4H_9,CH_2CH=CH_2,和CH_2Ph.本文还考查了化合物2—4和6—11在室温下,在氯仿-水体系中,对苦味酸碱金属(Li~+、Na~+和K~+)盐的配合作用.     

丙烯醛亚硫酸氢钠加合物的晶体结构

丙烯醛亚硫酸氢钠加合物,(CH_2=CH-CHO·2NaHSO_3·4H_2O)的空间群为 D_(2h)~(13) -P2_1/m 2_1/m 2/n,每个晶胞中含有2个克式量的加合物,正交晶胞的参数为 a=18. 24,b=7. 05,c=4. 77。从 Patterson 函数 P u,0,w),P(u,1/4,w)和 P(u,0. 35,w)中引出 SO_3 团和钠原子的参数。从上述参数合成了 Fourier 投影ρ(x,y)和 P(x,z),得出整个结构的模型和参数。根据这些参数合成的 Fourier 切面ρ(x,1/4,z)进一步确定了上述结构模型。上述结构分析的结果指出:(1) 丙烯醛加合物是1-羟基丙烷-1,3-二磺酸的钠盐,Na_2[O_3SCHOHCH_2CH_2SO_3] ·4H_2O;(2) 二磺酸根离子中的 C-S=1. 78(平均长度),S-O=1. 42(平均长度),其余的数据和一般共价单键者很接近;(3) 钠离子处在磺酸根和水分子的氧原子形成的八面体配位中;(4) 水分子以氢键填充在分布於和(010) 平行的层中的二磺酸根离子间的空隙中,而钠离子通过它的氧原子配位使各二磺酸根离子层连接起东;(5) 在每个二磺酸根离子中,羟基可以机遇地分布在四个等同的 a 位置上:(6) 晶体含有同数的1-羟基丙烷-1,3-二磺酸根离子的对映体;(7) 晶体中的水分子亦参与使晶体取得 D_(2h)对称性的无序现象。本工作使醛的亚硫酸氢盐加合物是 a 羟基磺酸盐的观点取得了新的、富有说服力的论证。     

氨基硝基苯并二氧化呋咱与二甲基甲酰胺分子加合物的制备和晶体结构

氨基硝基苯并二氧化呋咱 (ANBDF)可与二甲基甲酰胺 (DMF)形成稳定的分子加合物 (两者摩尔比为 1∶1) ,未见文献报道 .报道了该加合物的合成、晶体结构、晶体学数据和结构参数 .该加合物为淡黄色透明晶体 ,其中ANBDF与DMF分子以氢键结合 ,属单斜晶系 ,空间群P2 1 /n .     

四甲基吡嗪二溴产物结构的确定

四甲基吡嗪(1)与NBS在四氯化碳中反应,除得到2-溴甲基-3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪外,还可得到一个二溴化物,经高压液相色谱证明为纯化合物,元素分析符合计算值.~1H NMR δ值为2.52(6H,s,2×CH_3),4.40(4H,s,2×CH_2)ppm.m/z:294(168.1%),296(85.6),296(85.2).从~1H NMR的δ值表明为二(     

12-钨磷酸钙与丁二酰亚胺加合物的制备和性质研究

本文研究了12-钨磷酸钙与丁二酰亚胺和邻苯二甲酰亚胺的加合反应,制备了12-钨磷酸钙的丁二酰亚胺加合物Ca_(3/2)PW_(12)O_(40)·4(CH_2CO)_2NH·7H_2O,测定了加合物的红外光谱、拉曼光谱和热重差热分析曲线,用X射线粉末衍射方法研究了加合物的结晶学特征.结果表明.配体丁二酰亚胺以一个羰基氧与金属阳离子配位,加合物的形成对杂阴离子的Kcggin结构没有明显影响.但WO_6八面体发生一定的畸变.其中W-O_d键减弱,W-O_c键增强.加合物属单斜晶系,晶胞参数为:a=25.839(6).b=13.223(2),c=18.438(2)(?),β=97.06(2)°,V=6251.88(?)~3,可能的空间群为C_2h~5-P2_1/c或C_2h~2-P2_1/m或C_2~2-P2_1,品质因子F_(30)=54(0.012,45).     

Ni[S_2P(OCH_2CH_2Ph)_2]_2与4-甲基吡啶加合反应及加合物的结构表征

采用紫外光谱法研究了Ni[S_2P(OCH_2CH_2Ph)_2]_2与4-甲基吡啶的加合反应,测定了反应的平衡常数:β_1=39.5(R_1=1)和β_2=2.20×10_4(R_2=0.9981).用元素分析、红外光谱、单晶X-射线衍射法对合成的加合物Ni[S_2P(OCH_2CH_2Ph)_2]_2·(4-MePy)_2进行了结构表征.加合物为单斜晶系,空间群P2_1/c,晶胞参数:a=1.2920(4)mn,b=1.7498(4)nm,c=1.0979(3)nm,α=90.00°,β=113.05(3)β,γ=90.00°.     

六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷与二甲基甲酰胺分子加合物的制备、 性能及晶体结构

六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW)可与二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)形成稳定的分子加合物(两者分子比为1:2)。首次报道了该加合物的晶体结构、晶体学数据和结构参数。该加合物为无色透明片状晶体,属三斜晶系,空间群Pi。在该加合物中,HNIW与DMF分子以范德华力结合,彼此间不存在氨键或偶极作用。     

二溴三烯丙基硫脲合镉单晶的拉曼光谱

将有一定极性或非极性的有机分子与金属离子进行络合形成非线性光学材料,是探索具有高倍频效率新晶体的有效途径.二溴三烯丙基硫脲合镉Cd(CH_2=CHCH_2NHCSNH_2)_3Br_2(简称ATCB)晶体就是基于无机畸变多面体与不对称共轭有机分子基团相结合的双重基元结构物理模型指导下的又一具有高倍频效率的新晶体.其粉末倍频效应为脲素的1.5倍,为KDP晶体的12.5倍.它具有较宽的透光波段和较高的非线性系数、较好的化学稳定性和     

New iridacyclohexadienes and iridabenzenes by [2+2+1] cyclotrimerization of alkynes and facile interconversion between iridacyclohexadienes and iridabenzenes

Iridabenzenes [Ir[=CHCH=CHCH=C(CH2R)](CH3CN)2(PPh3)2]2+ (R=Ph 4 a, R=p-C6H4CH3 4 b) are obtained from the reactions of H+ with iridacyclohexadienes [Ir[-CH=CHCH=CHC(=CH-p-C6H4R')](CO)(PPh3)2]+ (R'=H 3 a, R'=CH3 3 b), which are prepared from [2+2+1] cyclotrimerization of alkynes in the reactions of [Ir(CH3CN)(CO)(PPh3)2]+ with HC[triple chemical bond]CH and HC[triple chemical bond]CR. Iridabenzenes 4 react with CO and CH3CN in the presence of NEt3 to give iridacyclohexadienes [Ir[-CH=CHCH=CHC(=CHR)](CO)2(PPh3)2]+ (6) and [Ir[-CH=CHCH=CHC(=CHR)](CH3CN)2(PPh3)2]+ (7), respectively. Iridacyclohexadienes 6 and 7 also convert to iridabenzenes 4 by the reactions with H+ in the presence of CH3CN. Alkynyl iridacyclohexadienes [Ir[-CH=CHCH=CHC(=CH-p-C6H4R')](-C[triple chemical bond]CH)(PPh3)2] (8) undergo a cleavage of C[triple chemical bond]C bond by H+/H2O to produce [Ir[-CH=CHCH=CHC(=CH-p-C6H4R')](-CH3)(CO)(PPh3)2] (10) via facile inter-conversion between iridacyclohexadienes and iridabenzenes.     

硼氢二茂铁季铵盐的结构化学研究——Ⅰ、十硼十氢双(二茂铁甲基三甲基)铵晶体结构

本文报告了(C_5H_5FeC_5H_4CH_2N(CH_3)_3)_2B_(10)H_(10)晶体的结构。该晶体属三斜晶系、空间群为P_1~-。晶胞参数为:a=10.043(2),b=10.513(7),C=15.094(10),a=85.01(6),β=97.58(3),Υ=94.87(3)°,V=1625.7~3,Z=2。晶体在室温下用CAD-4四圆衍射仪收集衍射强度数据(MoKa),用重原子法解出铁原子坐标,综合应用E图、Fourief合成和差Fourier合成解出其他非氢原子坐标,按SDP加氢程序等求解阳离子中40个氢原子位置。各原子坐标及热振动参数经全矩阵最小二乘方修正,对于2258个独立衍射点(I≥3σI)],偏离因子R=0.043。 结构分析表明,B_(10)H_(10)~(2+)阴离子和C_5H_5FeC_5H_4CH_2N(CH_3)_3~+阳离子分别按畸变的八面体和畸变的三角形配位。两个二茂铁季铵阳离子中,两对戊二稀环平面间距为3.271(5)。阳离子中主要键长平均值为:Fe-C=2.026,C—C(环)=1.401,C—N=1.503。B_(10)H_(10)~(2+)阴离子为四方(三角)十六面体笼状结构,主要键长平均值为:B—B(顶点到正方形平面原子)1.706A,B—B(其它原子间)=1.830。     

硼氢二茂铁季铵盐的结构化学研究——Ⅱ.三硼八氢N—二茂铁甲基三甲基铵的晶体构结

本文报道了C_5H_5FeC_5H4CH_4N(CH_3)_3B_3_H_8的晶体结构。晶体属正交晶系,空间群为Pnam,晶胞参数:a=13.707(6),b=13.365(4),c=9,339(9),Z=4用三维Patterson函数等方法解出全部非氢原子的坐标和B_3H_8~-中“氢桥”的2个H原子坐标,对817个独立衍射点[I≥3σ(I)]计算偏离因子,最终偏离因子R=0.071 C_5H_5FeC_5H_4CH_2N(CH_3)_3B_3H_8为离子型化合物,B_3H_8~-阴离子和C_5H_5~-FeC_5H_4CH_2N(CH_3)_3~+阳离子按四面体配位,配位数为4。二个戊二烯环平面相互平行,相距3.31,且属完全遮盖型的。二个戊二烯环平面之间夹角φ)=1.7°。平均键长:Fe—C=2.057,C—C(Cp环)=1.438,C—N=1.513。B_3H_8阴离子中“氢桥”的2个H原子和3个B原子共面。B—B(氢桥连结)=1.734;B—B(非氢桥连结)=1.779。“氢桥”是非对称的,B—H(氢桥)分别为1.460和1.209。     

Synthesis and structure of 2,5,8-triazido-s-heptazine: an energetic and luminescent precursor to nitrogen-rich carbon nitrides

Derivatized s-triazine (C3N3) precursors have seen significant recent use in the production of carbon nitride materials. Larger polycyclic molecular precursors, such as those containing an s-heptazine core (C6N7 or tri-s-triazine), may improve stability and order in carbon nitride products. In this Communication, we describe the synthesis and crystal structure of 2,5,8-triazido-s-heptazine (2). Synthesis of 2 was achieved from melon, an oligomeric s-heptazine synthesized by the pyrolysis of NH4SCN. Melon was converted to molecular 2,5,8-trichloro-s-heptazine, which was then transformed to the triazide upon reaction with (CH3)3SiN3. The crystal structure of 2 verifies that the s-heptazine is planar and the azides adopt a pinwheel-like C3h arrangement around the periphery. The s-heptazine core shows pi delocalization in the C-N bonds around the periphery (av. 1.33 A), while the internal planar C-N bonds are longer (1.40 A). The heptazine units pack into parallel, but offset, layered sheets in the crystal. The triazide 2 exhibits photoluminescence at 430 nm and rapidly and exothermically decomposes upon heating at 185 degrees C to produce a tan thermally stable carbon nitride powder with a formula near C3N4.     

Reactions of tris(amino)phosphines with arylsulfonyl azides: product dependency on tris(amino)phosphine structure

The Staudinger reaction of N(CH2CH2NR)3P [R = Me (1), Pr (2)] with 1 equiv of N3SO2C6H4Me-4 gave the ionic phosphazides [N(CH2CH2NR)3PN][SO2C6H4Me-4] [R = Me (3), R = Pr (5a)], and the same reaction of 2 with N3SO2C6H2Me3-2,4,6 gave the corresponding aryl sulfinite 5b. On the other hand, the reaction of 1 with 0.5 equiv of N3SO2Ar (Ar = C6H4Me-4) furnished the novel ionic phosphazide [[N(CH2CH2NMe)3P]2(mu-N3)][SO2Ar] (6). Data that shed light on the mechanistic pathway leading to 3 were obtained by low temperature 31P NMR spectroscopy. A crystal and molecular structure analysis of the phosphazide sulfonate [N(CH2CH2NMe)3PN3][SO3C6H4Me-4] (4), obtained by atmospheric oxidation of 3, indicated an ionic structure, the cationic part of which is stabilized by a transannular P-N bond. A crystal and molecular structure analysis of 6 also indicated an ionic structure in which the cation features two untransannulated N(CH2CH2NMe)3P cages bridged by an azido group in an eta 1: mu: eta 1 fashion. The reaction of P(NMe2)3 with N3SO2Ar (Ar = C6H4Me-4) in a 1:0.5 molar ratio furnished [[(Me2N)3P]2(mu-N3)][SO2-Ar] (11) in quantitative yield. On the other hand, the same reaction involving a 1:1 molar ratio of P(NMe2)3 and N3SO2Ar produced a mixture of 11, [(Me2N)3PN3][SO2Ar] (12), and the iminophosphorane (Me2N)3P=NSO2Ar (10). In contrast, the bicyclic tris(amino)phosphines MeC(CH2NMe)3P (7) and O=P(CH2NMe)3P (8) reacted with N3SO2-Ar (Ar = C6H4Me-4) to give the iminophosphorane MeC(CH2NMe)3P=NSO2Ar (14) (structured by X-ray means) and O=P(CH2NMe)3P=NSO2Ar (16) via the intermediate phosphazides MeC(CH2NMe)3PN3SO2Ar (13) and O=P(CH2NMe)3PN3SO2Ar (15), respectively. The variety of products obtained from the reactions of arylsulfonyl azides with proazaphosphatranes (1 and 2), acyclic P(NMe2)3, bicyclic tris(amino)phosphines 7 and 8 are rationalized in terms of steric and basicity variations among the phosphorus reagents.     

Remote substituent effects on allylic and benzylic bond dissociation energies. Effects on stabilization of parent molecules and radicals

The effect of remote substituents on bond dissociation energies (BDE) is examined by investigating allylic C-F and C-H BDE, as influenced by Y substituents in trans-YCH=CHCH2-F and trans-YCH=CHCH2-H. Theoretical calculations at the full G3 level model chemistry are reported. The interplay of stabilization energies of the parent molecules (MSE) and of the radicals formed by homolytic bond cleavage (RSE) and their effect on BDE are established. MSE values of allyl fluorides yield an excellent linear free energy relationship with the electron-donating or -withdrawing ability of Y and decrease by 4.2 kcal mol-1 from Y = (CH3)2N to O2N. RSE values do not follow a consistent pattern and are of the order of 1-2 kcal mol-1. A decrease of 4.1 kcal mol-1 is found in BDE[C-F] from Y = CH3O to NC. BDE[YCH=CHCH2-H] generally increases with decreasing electron-donating ability of Y for electron-donating groups and does not follow a consistent pattern with electron-withdrawing groups, the largest change being an increase of 3.6 kcal mol-1 from Y = (CH3)2N to CF3. The G3 results are an indicator of benzylic BDE in p-YC6H4CH2-F and p-YC6H4CH2-H, via the principle of vinylogy, demonstrated by correlating MSE of the allylic compounds with physical properties of their benzylic analogues.     

Ring-closing metathesis reactions of terminal alkene-derived cyclic phosphazenes

The first examples of ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reactions of a series of terminal alkene-derived cyclic phosphazenes have been carried out. The tetrakis-, hexakis-, and octakis(allyloxy)cyclophosphazenes (NPPh(2))(NP(OCH(2)CH=CH(2))(2))(2) (1), N(3)P(3)(OCH(2)CH=CH(2))(6) (2), and N(4)P(4)(OCH(2)CH=CH(2))(8) (3) and the tetrakis(allyloxy)-S-phenylthionylphosphazene (NS(O)Ph)[NP(OCH(2)CH=CH(2))(2)](2) (4) were prepared by the reactions of CH(2)=CHCH(2)ONa with the cyclophosphazenes (NPPh(2))(NPCl(2))(2), N(3)P(3)Cl(6), and N(4)P(4)Cl(8) and the S-phenylthionylphosphazene (NS(O)Ph)(NPCl(2))(2). The reactions of 1-4 with Grubbs first-generation olefin metathesis catalyst Cl(2)Ru=CHPh(PCy(3))(2) resulted in the selective formation of seven-membered di-, tri-, and tetraspirocyclic phosphazene compounds (NPPh(2))[NP(OCH(2)CH=CHCH(2)O)](2) (5), N(3)P(3)(OCH(2)CH=CHCH(2)O)(3) (6), and N(4)P(4)(OCH(2)CH=CHCH(2)O)(4) (7) and the dispirocyclic S-phenylthionylphosphazene compound (NS(O)Ph)[NP(OCH(2)CH=CHCH(2)O)](2) (8). X-ray structural studies of 5-8 indicated that the double bond of the spiro-substituted cycloalkene units is in the cis orientation in these compounds. In contrast to the reactions of 1-4, RCM reactions of the homoallyloxy-derived cyclophosphazene and thionylphosphazene (NPPh(2))[NP(OCH(2)CH(2)CH=CH(2))(2)](2) (9) and (NS(O)Ph)[NP(OCH(2)CH(2)CH=CH(2))(2)](2) (10) with the same catalyst resulted in the formation of 11-membered diansa compounds NPPh(2)[NP(OCH(2)CH(2)CH=CHCH(2)CH(2)O)](2) (11) and (NS(O)Ph)[NP(OCH(2)CH(2)CH=CHCH(2)CH(2)O)](2) (13) and the intermolecular doubly bridged ansa-dibino-ansa compounds 12 and 14. The X-ray structural studies of compounds 11 and 13 indicated that the double bonds of the ansa-substituted cycloalkene units are in the trans orientation in these compounds. The geminal bis(homoallyloxy)tetraphenylcyclotriphosphazene [NPPh(2)](2)[NP(OCH(2)CH(2)CH=CH(2))(2)] (15) upon RCM with Grubbs first- and second-generation catalysts gave the spirocyclic product [NPPh(2)](2)[NP(OCH(2)CH(2)CH=CHCH(2)CH(2)O)] (16) along with the geminal dibino-substituted dimeric compound [NPPh(2)](2)[NP(OCH(2)CH(2)CH=CHCH(2)CH(2)O)(2)PN][NPPh(2)](2) (17) as the major product. The dibino compound 17, upon reaction with the Grubbs second-generation catalyst, was found to undergo a unique ring-opening metathesis reaction, opening up the bino bridges and partially converting to the spirocyclic compound 16.     

Hydride-alkenylcarbyne to alkenylcarbene transformation in bisphosphine-osmium complexes

The elongated dihydrogen complex [formula: see text](1) reacts with 1,1-diphenyl-2-propyn-1-ol and 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol to give the hydride-hydroxyvinylidene-pi-alkynol derivatives [OsH{=C=CHC(OH)R2}{eta2-HC(triple bond)CC(OH)R2}(PiPr3)2]BF4 (R = Ph (2), Me (3)), where the pi-alkynols act as four-electron donor ligands. Treatment of 2 and 3 with HBF(4) and coordinating solvents leads to the dicationic hydride-alkenylcarbyne compounds [OsH((triple bond)CCH=CR2)S2(PiPr3)2][BF4]2 (R = Ph, S = H(2)O (4), CH(3)CN (5); R = Me, S = CH(3)CN (6)), which in acetonitrile evolve into the alkenylcarbene complexes [Os(=CHCH=CR2)(CH3CN)3(PiPr3)2][BF4](2) (R = Ph (7), Me (8)) by means of a concerted 1,2-hydrogen shift from the osmium to the carbyne carbon atom. Treatment of 2-propanol solutions of 5 with NaCl affords OsHCl2((triple bond)CCH=CPh2)(PiPr3)2 (10), which reacts with AgBF(4) and acetonitrile to give [OsHCl((triple bond)CCH=CPh2)(CH3CN)(PiPr3)2]BF(4) (11). In this solvent complex 11 is converted to [OsCl(=CHCH=CPh2)(CH3CN)2(PiPr3)2]BF(4) (12). Complex 5 reacts with CO to give [Os(=CHCH=CPh2)(CO)(CH3CN)2(PiPr3)2][BF(4)](2) (15). DFT calculations and kinetic studies for the hydride-alkenylcarbyne to alkenylcarbene transformation show that the difference of energy between the starting compounds and the transition states, which can be described as eta(2)-carbene species [formula: see text] increases with the basicity of the metallic center. The X-ray structures of 4 and 7 and the rotational barriers for the carbene ligands of 7, 8, and 12 are also reported.     

Alkyne and alkene complexes of a d(0) zirconocene aryl cation

The generation and properties of nonchelated Zr-aryl-alkyne and Zr-aryl-alkene complexes that are stabilized by the presence of beta-Si-substituents in the alkyne and alkene ligands and fluorination of the aryl ligand are described. Reaction of [Cp'2Zr(OtBu)(ClCD2Cl)][B(C6F5)4] (1, Cp' = C5H4Me) with alkyne and alkene substrates (L) generates Cp'2Zr(OtBu)(L)+ adducts (L = HCCCH2SiMe3 (2); H2C=CHCH2SiMe3 (3); HCCMe (4); H2C=CHCH2CMe3 (5)). Equilibrium constants for substrate binding (Keq = [Zr-L][1]-1[L]-1; CD2Cl2, -89 degrees C) are much larger for the beta-Si-substituted compounds 2 (1.0(2) x 105 M-1) and 3 (1.7(4) x 103 M-1) than for hydrocarbon analogues 4 (3.6(7) x 102 M-1) and 5 (1.9(1) M-1), which is ascribed to beta-Si stabilization of the partial positive charge on Cint of the bound substrate. [Cp2Zr(C6F5)][B(C6F5)4] (7, Cp = C5H5) was generated by the reaction of Cp2Zr(C6F5)Me with [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] in C6D5Cl. Reaction of 7 with alkyne and alkene substrates (L) generates Cp2Zr(C6F5)(L)+ adducts (L = HCCCH2SiMe3 (8); H2C=CHCH2SiMe3 (10)). No insertion of the substrate into the Zr-C6F5 bond is observed in 8 (at -38 degrees C) or 10 (up to 22 degrees C). The allyltrimethylsilane ligand in 10 undergoes nondissociative alkene face exchange ("alkene flipping", i.e., exchange of the Cp2Zr(C6F5)+ unit between the two alkene enantiofaces without alkene dissociation), with a first-order rate constant kflip = 23(1) s-1 (C6D5Cl, -38 degrees C). 10 also undergoes slower reversible decomplexation of the alkene (kdissoc = 5.0(8) s-1; C6D5Cl, -38 degrees C).     

Partial oxidation of propylene catalyzed by VO3 clusters: a density functional theory study

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are carried out to investigate partial oxidation of propylene over neutral VO 3 clusters. C=C bond cleavage products CH 3CHO + VO 2CH 2 and HCHO + VO 2CHCH 3 can be formed overall barrierlessly from the reaction of propylene with VO 3 at room temperature. Formation of hydrogen transfer products H 2O + VO 2C 3H 4, CH 2=CHCHO + VO 2H 2, CH 3CH 2CHO + VO 2, and (CH 3) 2CO + VO 2 is subject to tiny (0.01 eV) or small (0.06 eV, 0.19 eV) overall free energy barriers, although their formation is thermodynamically more favorable than the formation of C=C bond cleavage products. These DFT results are in agreement with recent experimental observations. VO 3 regeneration processes at room temperature are also investigated through reaction of O 2 with the CC bond cleavage products VO 2CH 2 and VO 2CHCH 3. The following barrierless reaction channels are identified: VO 2CH 2 + O 2 --> VO 3 + CH 2O; VO 2CH 2 + O 2 --> VO 3C + H 2O, VO 3C + O 2 --> VO 3 + CO 2; VO 2CHCH 3 + O 2 --> VO 3 + CH 3CHO; and VO 2CHCH 3 + O 2 --> VO 3C + CH 3OH, VO 3C + O 2 --> VO 3 + CO 2. The kinetically most favorable reaction products are CH 3CHO, H 2O, and CO 2 in the gas phase model catalytic cycles. The results parallel similar behavior in the selective oxidation of propylene over condensed phase V 2O 5/SiO 2 catalysts.