Taking stock of the occupational safety and health challenges of nanotechnology: 2000–2015

Engineered nanomaterials significantly entered commerce at the beginning of the 21st century. Concerns about serious potential health effects of nanomaterials were widespread. Now, approximately 15 years later, it is worthwhile to take stock of research and efforts to protect nanomaterial workers from potential risks of adverse health effects. This article provides and examines timelines for major functional areas (toxicology, metrology, exposure assessment, engineering controls and personal protective equipment, risk assessment, risk management, medical surveillance, and epidemiology) to identify significant contributions to worker safety and health. The occupational safety and health field has responded effectively to identify gaps in knowledge and practice, but further research is warranted and is described. There is now a greater, if imperfect, understanding of the mechanisms underlying nanoparticle toxicology, hazards to workers, and appropriate controls for nanomaterials, but unified analytical standards and exposure characterization methods are still lacking. The development of control-banding and similar strategies has compensated for incomplete data on exposure and risk, but it is unknown how widely such approaches are being adopted. Although the importance of epidemiologic studies and medical surveillance is recognized, implementation has been slowed by logistical issues. Responsible development of nanotechnology requires protection of workers at all stages of the technological life cycle. In each of the functional areas assessed, progress has been made, but more is required.     

Homological perspective on edge modes in linear Yang–Mills and Chern–Simons theory

Letters in Mathematical Physics - We provide an elegant homological construction of the extended phase space for linear Yang–Mills theory on an oriented and time-oriented Lorentzian manifold...     

Composition,Structure, and Mechanical Properties of (Ti–Hf)N Coatings on Titanium Alloy

Technical Physics - Variations of the composition, structure, and mechanical properties (hardness, elastic modulus) of (Ti–Hf)N coatings with increasing Hf content (Ti : Hf ratio) are...     

The 15~(th) International Conference on Luminescence and Optical Spectroscopy of Condensed Matter(ICL'08)

Lyon, France 7 ~11 July 2008http://ICL08.univ-lyon1.frPLACE OF ICL 08Universitde Lyon, UniversitLUMIERE LYON218, Quai Claude Bernard,69007 LYONINTERNATIONAL PROGRAM COMMITTEEGeorges BOULON, France, ChairAndreis MEIJERINK, The Netherlands, Co-ChairGius…     

The 15~(th) International Conference on Luminescence and Optical Spectroscopy of Condensed Matter (ICL'08)

琦on，httP: Franee 7~11 //ICIDS.一1 1 July univ一lyon 2(X)8 1 .fr PLACE OF ICL，08 Universit‘de场on，Universit乙LUMIERE LYONZ 18，Quai Claude Bernard，69(刃7 LYON ORGANIZERS肠玩ratoire Physieo一Chimie des Mat‘riaux Lumines- CelltS Universi挽de琦on，Uni一ite口aude Bemard Lyonl UMR 5620 CNRS INTERNAT10NAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE Georges BOULON，Franee，Chair Andreis MEUERINK，The Netherlands，Co一Chair GiusepPe BALDACCHINI，Italy Thomas BASHE，Ger…     

The 15~(th) International Conference on Luminescence and Optical Spectroscopy of Condensed Matter (ICL'08)

Lyon, France 7 ~11 July 2008 http://ICL08.univ-lyon1.frPLACE OF ICL 08Universit de Lyon, Universit LUMIERE LYON218, Quai Claude Bernard,69007 LYONORGANIZERSLaboratoire Physico-Chimie des Mat啨riaux Lumines-centsUniversit啨de Lyon, Universit啨Claude Bernar…     

The 15~(th) International Conference on Luminescence and Optical Spectroscopy of Condensed Matter (ICL'08)

Lyon,France 7~11 July 2008http://ICL08.univ-lyon1.frPLACE OF ICL 08Universitéde Lyon,UniversitéLUMIERE LYON218,Quai Claude Bernard,69007 LYONORGANIZERSLaboratoire Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Lumines-centsUniversitéde Lyon,UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1UMR 5620 CNRSINTERNATIONAL PROGRAM COMMITTEEGeorges BOULON,France,ChairAndreis MEIJERINK,The Netherlands,Co-ChairGiuseppe BALDACCHINI,ItalyThomas BASHE,GermanySergei BASUN,RussiaD.BI…     

Beneficial effect of Co substitution on the structure and magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed (Pr,Tb)–Fe–(C,B) magnets

The effect of Co substitution on the structure and magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed Pr₁₄Tb₂Fe_76−xCo_xC₆B₂ and Pr₁₆Fe_76−xCo_xC₆B₂ (x=0–20$x=0–20$) alloys has been studied systematically. The main phase in the alloys is Pr₂Fe₁₄C-type carbide, coexisting with a small amount of α-Fe and rare-earth-rich phases. In addition to the increasing of the Curie temperature of the Pr₂Fe₁₄C-type phase, Co substitution can affect the magnetic properties by adjusting the α-Fe fraction of the alloys. The increase of both coercivity and remanence has been realized in a certain composition range. This increase may be attributed mainly to the enhancement of the effective anisotropy constant _Keff$K_{\mathrm{eff}}$ of the magnets due to the reduced α-Fe fraction with a small Co addition. The highest coercivity _iH_c of 20.3 kOe and the optimum energy product (BH)_max of 10.3 MG Oe have been obtained for the Pr₁₄Tb₂Fe_69.5Co_6.5C₆B₂ alloy.     

17~(th) International Workshop on ECR Ion Sources and Their Applications ECRIS 2006

Institute of ModernP饰sics，Chinese Aeademy of Seiences，Lanzhou，China SePtember 17一21，2006 Seielltifie Program Sund林y，SePt.17，Evening x.eet一肠gether Party 19:00.一21:oo凡eCePtion andwe一come Party(Znd Ploo:or Nin公v叭)z恤ang Hotel vIP Building) Mond尽y，SePt.18，Morning 11.opening s.sion(IMP Buildsng No.。，srd Floor，eonrerenee Ha一)‘、片了、.尹9:的一一9:10 9:10一9:50 (10min. (20min. opening Address一H.W.Zhao(IMP，Lanzhou，China) Welcome Address and Brief Introduet…