Inégalités de Harnack pour les solutions d'équations du type courbure scalaire prescrite

We prove some a priori estimates in dimension $n?2$ for equations of type prescribed scalar curvature. In the particular case of the unit sphere ${\mathbb{S}}_2$ we give an estimation of the constant c in the inequality ${\sup }_{{\mathbb{S}}_2}u+{\inf }_{{\mathbb{S}}_2}u?c$. To cite this article: S. Skander Bahoura, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 341 (2005).     

Sur la densité d'état de l'opérateur de Schrödinger quasi-périodique unidimensionnel

We prove two results on the density of states of the discrete one dimensional quasi-periodic Schrödinger equation with an analytic potential and Diophantine frequencies in the perturbed regime. On the one hand, we prove that this function has the behavior of a Hölder-$\frac{1}{2}$ function. On the other, we show that the length of the gaps has a sub-exponential estimate which depends on its label given by the gap-labeling theorem. To cite this article: S. Hadj Amor, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 343 (2006).     

L'inégalité de Bohr pour les séries de Dirichlet

We extend to the setting of Dirichlet series previous results of Bohr for Taylor series in one variable, themselves generalized by Paulsen, Popescu and Singh or extended to several variables by Aizenberg, Boas and Khavinson. We show in particular that, if $f(s)={\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }{a}_n{n}^{?s}$, with $6f{6}_{\infty }:={\sup }_{\mathfrak{R}s>0}|f(s)|<\infty$, then ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }|a_n|n^{\mathrm{?2}}?6f{6}_{\infty }$ and even slightly better, and ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }|a_n|n^{?1/2}?C6f{6}_{\infty }$, C being an absolute constant. To cite this article: R. Balasubramanian et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 342 (2006).     

Existence globale pour une classe d'équations d'ondes perturbées

In this paper we prove a global well-posedness result for the following Cauchy problem:

where the initial data $\text{(f,g)∈}\text{H}\text{?}{}^1\text{(}\text{R}{}^3\text{)×L}{}^2\text{(}\text{R}{}^3\text{)}$ are compactly supported, 1?α<5, $\text{a}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{(t,x)∈L}{}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\text{(}\text{R}{}_{\mathrm{t}}\text{×}\text{R}{}_{\mathrm{x}}{}^3\text{)}$, $\text{V(t,x)∈L}{}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\text{(}\text{R}{}_{\mathrm{t}}\text{;L}{}^3\text{(}\text{R}{}^3{}_{\mathrm{x}}\text{))}$. To cite this article: N. Visciglia, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 338 (2004).     

Spectres pour l'approximation d'un nombre réel et de son carré

Let $\alpha (\xi )$ be the exponent that measures how a non-quadratic real number ξ and its square can be simultaneously approximated by rational numbers with the same denominator. Davenport and Schmidt have proved that $\alpha (\xi )$ is always between the golden ratio γ and 2. Roy, and after him Bugeaud and Laurent, have constructed numbers ξ such that $\alpha (\xi )<2$. Their method involves infinite words with many palindrome prefixes. In this text, we define new exponents of approximation that allow us to obtain, to some extent, a characterization of the values $\alpha (\xi )$ obtained by these authors. To cite this article: S. Fischler, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 339 (2004).     

Inégalités de Poincaré cinétiques

In this Note we prove Poincaré type inequalities for a family of kinetic equations. We apply this inequality to the variational solution of a linear kinetic model by generalizing the STILS method (Azerad, 1996 [1]; Azerad and Pousin, 1996 [2]) to a kinetic setting.     

Inégalités de Harnack pour les opérateurs elliptiques d'ordre 2 et 4 et phénomène de concentration

We give some results concerning $\sup \times \inf$ inequalities for some elliptic operators of order 2 and 4. With those inequalities and the concentration phenomena we can describe the asymptotic behavior of those PDE solutions. To cite this article: S.S. Bahoura, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 342 (2006).     

Inégalités isosystoliques conformes pour la bouteille de Klein

We prove sharp isosystolic inequalities for all conformal equivalence classes of continuous Riemannian metrics on the Klein bottle, i.e.

Inégalités d'incertitude associées à des fonctions homogènes

The uncertainty principle states that a nonzero function and its Fourier transform cannot be both sharply localized. It is well known that the support and the spectrum of a function cannot both have finite measure. In Shubin et al. [Geom. Funct. Anal. 8 (1998) 932–964], it is shown that they cannot be contained in ?-thin sets E and $\stackrel{?}{E}$. We give here other examples of sets E and $\stackrel{?}{E}$ having this property. The thinness of the sets is expressed in terms of a dyadic decomposition of the space, which is related to the functions ${|x_1|}^{{\alpha }_1}?{|x_d|}^{{\alpha }_d}$ on ${\mathbb{R}}^d$. These sets are not ?-thin in general. We prove that the pairs of sets we consider are strongly annihilating in the sense of Havin and Jöricke. To cite this article: B. Demange, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2005).     

Inégalité de Kato et inégalité de Kato jusqu'au bord

Haïm Brezis and Augusto Ponce introduced and studied in their works several extensions of Kato's inequality, in particular Kato's inequalities up to the boundary involving the Laplacian and the normal derivative of the positive part of a function. Using Potential theoretic methods we answer here some questions raised in Brezis and Ponce (2008). To cite this article: A. Ancona, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 346 (2008).     

Inégalités de concentration pour les processus empiriques de classes de parties

We propose new concentration inequalities for maxima of set-indexed empirical processes. Our approach is based either on entropy inequalities or on martingale methods. The improvements we get concern the rate function which is exactly the large deviations rate function of a binomial law in most of the cases. Received: 11 January 2000 / Revised version: 12 May 2000 / Published online: 14 December 2000     

Principes de grandes déviations pour l’estimateur à noyau de la densité de probabilité

We establish pointwise and uniform large deviations principles for nonparametric kernel density estimators. The estimates are based on sequences of independent and identically distributed real random variables.     

Estimation de la densité de probabilité améliorée par pre-testing

We consider the nonparametric problem of multidimensional probability density estimate. Using concept of minimax risk with random normalizing factor introduced by Lepski [Math. Methods Statist. 8 (1999) 441–486], by considering an independence hypothesis, we build an estimator which can be adaptive and whose accuracy, depending on the observation, is better than the minimax estimate, $n^{?\frac{\beta }{2\beta +d}}$, with prescribed confidence level. To cite this article: A.F. Yode, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2005).     

Vitesse de convergence en norme p-intégrale et normalité asymptotique de l'estimateur crible de l'opérateur d'un ARB(1)

The autoregressive model in a Banach space (ARB) allows to represent many continuous time processes used in practice (see, for example, D. Bosq, Linear Processes in Function Spaces: Theory and Applications, 2000, Springer, p. 150). In this Note we study an estimator of the operator in ARB(1) by the least squares method, when the operator is strictly p-integral, $p\in ]1,\infty [$, and we use Grenander's method of sieves (From U. Grenander, Abstract Inference, Wiley, 1981). We show consistency of the sieve estimator and we derive a central limit theorem for this estimator. To cite this article: F. Rachedi, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 341 (2005).     

Un problème d'optimisation de forme pour la contrôlabilité exacte de l'équation des ondes 2D

We consider the wave equation defined on $\Omega ?{\mathbb{R}}^2$ and $\omega ?\Omega$. We designate by $v_{\omega }$ the distributed control of minimal $L^2(\omega \times (0,T))$ norm obtained with the Hilbert Uniqueness Method which stabilizes the system at time $T>0$. This Note addresses the question of the optimal position of ω in order to minimize $J:\omega \to 6v_{\omega }{6}_{L^2(\omega \times (0,T))}$. Assuming $\omega \in C^{1,1}(\Omega )$, we express the shape derivative of J as a curvilinear integral on ?ω (independently of any adjoint solution) leading to a descent algorithm. A numerical application is given. To cite this article: A. Münch, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 343 (2006).     

Inégalité de Borel-Carathéodory et lemme de schwarz pour les multifonctions analytiques

Dans cet article, nous donnons une variante de l'inégalité de Borel-Carathéodory pour les multifonctions analytiques,?à?l'aide de laquelle nous donnons une démonstration élémentaire et simple pour une inégalité obtenue par Ransford. Nous établissons ensuite un lemme de Schwarz pour les multifonctions analytiques et quelques inégalités reliées.     

Solutions globales d'énergie infinie de l'équation de Navier–Stokes 2D

We study in this Note the solutions of the 2D Navier–Stokes equations with initial data in ?BMO. For $u{|}_{t=0}$ in the closure of the Schwartz class, we obtain the existence and uniqueness of a global solution, and besides an estimate on its norm in ?BMO. To cite this article: P. Germain, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2005).