Thin‐Film Voltammetry of a Lutetium Bisphthalocyanine at Ionic Liquid|Water Interface

At room temperature, tetraoctylphosphonium bromide is a viscous ionic liquid, this gel‐like organic phase can be cast over a basal‐plane graphite electrode (BPGE). Cyclic voltammetry at such a modified electrode, in contact with an aqueous solution have revealed one reversible oxidation and five reversible reduction steps for a Lu^III bisphthalocyanine dissolved in the ionic liquid film, a proof that the highly reactive reduced species were protected from interaction with water in this highly lipophilic phase. It has also been shown that the redox properties are influenced by the ions in the aqueous phase, a property which has been attributed to ion‐pairing effects; obviously, the ion transfers at the organic|aqueous interface has been ignored. Electrochemistry of Lu(III)[(_tBu)₄Pc]₂ (cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry) under similar conditions shows that the nature and concentration of the anion in the aqueous solution in contact with the ionic liquid film influences the potential of the electrode reaction. This can be attributed to variations of the interfacial potential and also because the organic phase is an anion exchanger. Moreover, SWV experiments suggest that the rate of the overall reaction varies with the nature and concentration of the anion of the aqueous electrolyte, which implies that the ion transfer through the organic|aqueous interface is slower than the electron exchange rate of the molecule at the surface of graphite.     

室温离子液体电解液中尖晶石LiMn_2O_4的电化学性质

应用循环伏安、恒电流充放电和电化学阻抗技术研究了尖晶石L iMn2O4于室温离子液体电解液中的电化学性质.实验表明,以室温离子液体作电解液,L iMn2O4的首次放电容量可达108.2 mAh/g、循环效率高于90%,温度和电流密度显著影响电极的电化学性能.交流阻抗测定了L i+在电极/电解液相界面迁移的活化能,为55 kJ/mol.根据界面反应的高活化能解释了L iMn2O4在该离子液体电解液中低温性能和倍率充放电性能不佳的原因.     

电极/离子液体界面电容

用电化学阻抗方法研究了铂片电极在BMIMPF6,BMIMBF4,BMIMClO4,BMIMTf2N,BMIMCl,BMIMBr,C3OHMIMBF4,C3OHMIMClO4和BMMIMPF6(BMIM:1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium;C3OHMIM:1-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-methylimidazolium;BMMIM:1-butyl-2-methyl-3-methylimidazolium;Tf2N:bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide)等离子液体中的界面电容及结构.结果表明:当阴、阳离子半径相差不大且不存在特性吸附时,在零电荷电势附近,电极/离子液体界面的电容-电势曲线将出现电容单峰或者双峰.电极的零电荷电势对应于单峰的峰电势或者双峰之间的谷电势.当电极电势远离零电荷电势时,电极/离子液体界面成紧密层结构,可由紧密层理论来描述.如果存在离子的特性吸附,相应的电容峰可能不再出现,而表现为双层电容随电极电势对零电荷电势的偏离而单调增加.还研究了添加小的Li+离子对电极/离子液体界面电容的影响.通过向BMIMTf2N中加入LiTf2N,发现Li+离子可以改变电极/离子液体界面的双层结构,但无助于界面电容的提高,甚至可能引起电容的降低.最后探讨了不同条件下,尤其考虑阴阳离子特性吸附时,电极/离子液体的界面结构.     

Studies on Liquid/liquid Extraction of Copper Ion with Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Room temperature ionic liquids are regarded as “Green solvents” for their nonvolatile and thermally stable properties. They are employed to replace traditional volatile organic solvents in organic synthesis, solvent extraction, and electrochemistry. In this work, a water immiscible room temperature ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C₄mim][PF₆], was used as an alternative solvent for liquid/liquid extraction of copper ions. Metal chelators, including dithizone, 8‐hydroxyquinoline, and 1‐(2‐pyridylazo)‐2‐naphthol, were employed to form neutral metal‐chelate complexes with copper ions so that copper ions were extracted from aqueous solution into [C₄mim][PF₆]. The parameters that affect the extraction of copper ions with this biphasic system were investigated. The extraction behavior in this novel biphasic system is shown to be consistent with that of traditional solvents. For example, the extraction with this biphasic system is strongly pH dependent. So, the extraction efficiency of coppers ion from an aqueous phase can be manipulated by tailoring the pH value of the extraction system. Hence, the extraction, separation and preconcentraction of copper ions can be accomplished by controlling the pH value of the extraction system. It appears that the use of ionic liquid as an alternate solvent system in liquid/liquid extraction of copper ions is very promising.     

室温下非极性溶剂中氧鎓盐的定域激发

The spectral properties of 8-(4-methoxyphenyl)methylene-2-phenyl-4-(4-methoxy) phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrylium salt in polar solvents (acetonitrile or 1,2-dichloroethane) and in non-polar solvents (toluene or benzene) have been compared. It has been shown that there are dual fluorescence emissions in non-polar solvent at room temperature, one of which corresponds to CT (charge transfer) emission, the other to LE (local excitation) emission, whereas there is only CT fluorescence emission in polar solvent at room temperature.     

室温下非极性溶剂中氧鎓盐的定域激发

氧鎓盐类化合物因具有较强的亲电性，在有机合成[1]及电照相体系[2]中存在着广泛的应用前景．由于它们还表现出较强的荧光发射能力［3］，因而在作为激光工作材料［4，5］方面也受到重视．正因如此，这类化合物的光物理和光谱特性引起了许多化学家的兴趣．氧钠盐化合物溶液的荧     

Electrochemical High Concentration Oxygen Sensing Using a Phosphonium Cation Based Room Temperature Ionic Liquid: Analytical Studies

Detecting oxygen at the high concentration limit needs innovation. Room temperature ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium trifluorotris(pentafluoroethyl)phosphate [P_6,6,6,14][FAP] was tested as a solvent for oxygen detection through the electrochemical reduction of oxygen. Cyclic voltammetry of oxygen in nitrogen or carbon dioxide mixtures at different partial pressures was studied. The steady state current was shown to be linearly dependent on the oxygen partial pressure in high oxygen content (>77 %) systems. Simultaneous detecting of oxygen and carbon dioxide is also realised in an oxygen/carbon dioxide mixture, providing proof‐of‐concept of high concentration oxygen and carbon dioxide dual sensing.     

Magnesium Corrosion Triggered Spontaneous Generation of H2O2 on Oxidized Titanium for Promoting Angiogenesis

Although the use of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been extensively studied, current systems employ external stimuli such as light or electrical energy to produce ROS, which limits their practical usage. In this report, biocompatible metals were used to construct a novel electrochemical system that can spontaneously generate H₂O₂ without any external light or voltage. The corrosion of Mg transfers electrons to Au‐decorated oxidized Ti in an energetically favorable process, and the spontaneous generation of H₂O₂ in an oxygen reduction reaction was revealed to occur at titanium by combined spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses. The controlled release of H₂O₂ noticeably enhanced in vitro angiogenesis even in the absence of growth factors. Finally, a new titanium implant prototype was developed by Mg incorporation, and its potential for promoting angiogenesis was demonstrated.     

室温下以水为溶剂的双氧水氧化苯甲醇制备醛的绿色化反应设计

通过环境友好、价格便宜的铁配合物,在室温下催化以水为溶剂的双氧水氧化苯甲醇制备醛的反应,是典型的绿色醇氧化法。同时,原位制备的催化剂不仅具有高效催化活性,而且选择性强,有效地避免苯甲醛的过度氧化产生苯甲酸。     

薄层法研究十二烷基苯磺酸钠对硝基苯/水界面电子转移的影响

用薄层法研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对硝基苯/水界面电子转移的影响. 实验结果表明, 随着水相中十二烷基苯磺酸钠浓度的增加, 有机相中十甲基二茂铁(DMFc)和水相中Fe(CN)₆^3-发生的界面双分子反应的阴极平台电流呈现递减趋势, 但是界面双分子反应速率常数却呈递增趋势. 这是由于阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠在硝基苯/水界面形成了修饰层, 影响了界面双电层结构. SDBS在液/液界面的吸附为Langmuir吸附.     

室温离子液体FeCl3-BPC体系的研究

利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)建立了无水三氯化铁和氯化正丁基吡啶(BPC)二元体系相图. 依据相图, FeCl₃和BPC形成室温离子液体的窗口是x＝0.26～0.58; 室温离子液体的深度是80 ℃. 利用UHF/6-31G^*对FeCl₃, FeCl₄^－, Fe₂Cl₇^－等配合物的几何结构、键长、能量和Raman频率进行优化, 从头算和Raman光谱证实了相图中FeCl₃摩尔分数x＝0.50处有稳定化合物存在, FeCl₄^－是主要阴离子; x＝0.67处, FeCl₄^－, Fe₂Cl₇^－是主要阴离子.     

Cyclic Voltammetry of Ion Transfer for Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride at Water|Nitrobenzene Interface

The transfer on phenylpropanolamine ion, PPAH⁺, has been studied at the Interface between Two Immiscible Solutions (ITIES). The polarizable potential range was determined by cyclic voltammetry at the interface between an aqueous solution of lithium chloride (LiCl) and a nitrobenzene (NB) solution of electrolyte tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate (TBATPB). The half‐wave potential of ion transfer for phenylpropanolamine accross the water|NB interface was found 465.3 mV. The peak separation, the diffusion coefficient, and the standard ion transfer potential of PPAH⁺ were observed to be 59.1 mV, 1.7 × 10^?6 cm²/s, and 104.6 mV, respectively. The temperature of experiment was kept constantly at 25 ± 1 °C using water flow thermostate.     

水对V2O5/AC催化剂低温还原NO的影响

 研究了烟气中的水对新型V2O5／AC催化剂选择催化还原NO的影响．结果表明,水通过与反应物（如NO和NH3）的竞争吸附而在一定程度上降低了催化剂的活性．在SO2共存下,水的存在导致硫酸铵盐在催化剂表面的过量沉积,造成催化剂孔道堵塞,比表面积减小,从而使催化剂失活．较高的反应温度（如553K）和／或低空速有利于催化剂的活性和稳定性．脱除活性焦载体中的矿物质可在一定程度上减缓催化剂失活的速率,但不能完全抑制水对V2O5／AC催化剂的毒化作用．     

Volumetric Study of Binary Solvent Mixtures Constituted by Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids at Room Temperature (1-Alkyl-3-Methylimidazolium Bromide) and Water

At room temperature, the 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (DMImBr) is a long alkyl chain imidazolium ionic liquid miscible with water and forming a gel zone between 5 and 40% w/w H₂O. We measured the density of the liquid mixtures of water and DMImBr. We determined the apparent molar volume of the molten salt for dilute solutions. For the concentrated solutions the partial molar volume of each component was evaluated by a perturbation method. These results are shown to be substantially different from those obtained with a short chain bromide ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (BMImBr). The amphiphilic ionic liquid (DMImBr) has been shown to form micelles and its critical micelle concentration (cmc) has been determined. Below the cmc, the Debye–Hückel limiting law for 1:1 electrolytes describes very accurately the behavior of low concentrations of the DMImBr salt in water. Above the cmc, the partial molar volume of the micellized monomer was approximately equal to the molar volume of the pure fused salt. The partial molar volume of water in these mixtures was similar to that of pure water. The concentrated solutions behave like mixtures of interpenetrated phases.     

离子液体-水的混合溶剂中，合成条件对纳米TiO2结晶度的影响

0 Introduction Titania has been extensively used in a variety of applications such as gas sensors, dielectric ceram ics, catalysts for therm al or photoinduced processes, pho- tovoltaic solar cells, and pigm ents. One of the m ost im portant applications …