Stationary solutions of the bogoliubov hierarchy equations in classical statistical mechanics. 2

In the preceding paper under the same title we have formulated a theorem which describes the set of states (i.e., probability measures on phase space of an infinite system of particles inR ^v) corresponding to stationary solutions of the BBGKY hierarchy. We have proved the following statement: ifG is a Gibbs measure (Gibbs random point field) corresponding to a stationary solution of the BBGKY hierarchy, then its generating function satisfies a differential equation which is conjugated to the BBGKY hierarchy. The present paper deals with the investigation of the conjugated equation for the generating function in particular cases.     

Stationary solutions of the Bogoliubov hierarchy equations in classical statistical mechanics. 4

This is the forth and final paper of a series in which we investigate the stationary solutions of the BBGKY equations. Herein we prove a lemma which forms the basic step in the proof of our Main Theorem characterizing the stationary solutions of these equations which was stated in the first of this series.     

Stationary solutions of the bogoliubov hierarchy equations in classical Statistical Mechanics, 1

This paper is the first part of the work whose subject is to investigate the set of stationary solutions ofB-B-G-K-Y hierarchy. We state that under some conditions on the interaction any stationary solution obeying certain restrictions of a general type corresponds to an equilibrium state (in the sense of Dobrushin-Lanford-Ruelle).     

Tomographic representation of kinetic equations in classical statistical mechanics

A tomographic representation of kinetic equations is constructed using the Radon transform. Liouville’s equation is considered for one and many particles. The reduced Liouville’s equation is obtained in the tomographic representation and the Bogolyubov chain is investigated in this representation. An example of the relativistic kinetic equation in the tomographic representation is considered.     

The BBGKY hierarchy in quantum statistical mechanics

It is shown that the infinite volume limit of the equilibrium reduced density matrices, shown by Ginibre to exist at low densities, satisfy the quantum time independent BBGKY hierarchy of equations. This extends analogous results for classical systems due to Gallavotti.Supported by AFOSR Contract Number F44620-71-C-0013.     

Superstable interactions in classical statistical mechanics

We consider classical systems of particles inv dimensions. For a very large class of pair potentials (superstable lower regular potentials) it is shown that the correlation functions have bounds of the form $$\varrho (x_1 ,...,x_n ) \leqq \xi ^n$$ . Using these and further inequalities one can extend various results obtained by Dobrushin and Minlos [3] for the case of potentials which are non-integrably divergent at the origin. In particular it is shown that the pressure is a continuous function of the density. Infinite system equilibrium states are also defined and studied by analogy with the work of Dobrushin [2a] and of Lanford and Ruelle [11] for lattice gases.     

Substantiating the Gibbs method in classical statistical mechanics

An approach for the substantiation of the Gibbs method in equilibrium statistical thermodynamics is described; this approach is based not on the quasiergodicity hypothesis, but on the weaker assumption of macroscopic determinacy of thermodynamic systems. A generalized microcanonical Gibbs distribution is obtained. An electron gas in a homogeneous magnetic field is taken as an example. It is shown that the classical diamagnetism of the given system is not zero in the sense of quasimean nor of generalized Gibbs ensemble distributions. The equation of state of an electron as in a magnetic field is obtained, and hence it is shown that classical diamagnetism only vanishes if isotropy of the pressure at the vessel wall is assumed.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 6, pp. 65–68, June, 1978.     

Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics II. Basic equations

The derivation and property of the fundamental equation of statistical mechanics are analyzed. The conditions for which a macroscopic system can be described with the help of average values are investigated. It is shown how the law of increasing entropy is obtained from the general formulation of the theory.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 12, pp. 14–17, December, 1981.     

Spectral density method in classical statistical mechanics

The spectral density method in classical statistical mechanics is formulated and application to a linear classical spin system is made in the simplest approximation.     

The inverse problem in classical statistical mechanics

We address the problem of whether there exists an external potential corresponding to a given equilibrium single particle density of a classical system. Results are established for both the canonical and grand canonical distributions. It is shown that for essentially all systems without hard core interactions, there is a unique external potential which produces any given density. The external potential is shown to be a continuous function of the density and, in certain cases, it is shown to be differentiable. As a consequence of the differentiability of the inverse map (which is established without reference to the hard core structure in the grand canonical ensemble), we prove the existence of the Ornstein-Zernike direct correlation function. A set of necessary, but not sufficient conditions for the solution of the inverse problem in systems with hard core interactions is derived.Work partially supported by NSF grant PHY-8117463Work partially supported by NSF grant PHY-8116101 A01     

Quantum approach to classical statistical mechanics

We present a new approach to study the thermodynamic properties of d-dimensional classical systems by reducing the problem to the computation of ground state properties of a d-dimensional quantum model. This classical-to-quantum mapping allows us to extend the scope of standard optimization methods by unifying them under a general framework. The quantum annealing method is naturally extended to simulate classical systems at finite temperatures. We derive the rates to assure convergence to the optimal thermodynamic state using the adiabatic theorem of quantum mechanics. For simulated and quantum annealing, we obtain the asymptotic rates of T(t) approximately (pN)/(k(B)logt) and gamma(t) approximately (Nt)(-c/N), for the temperature and magnetic field, respectively. Other annealing strategies are also discussed.     

The initial distribution in classical statistical mechanics

This paper presents arguments proving that several kinds of experimental preparation procedures for classical systems lead in certain limits to initial distributions that are functions only of macroscopic variables.This research was supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract F44620-72-C-0072.     

Nonlinear transport equations in statistical mechanics

A simple projection operator method is developed for computing nonequilibrium ensemble averages for systems that are close to a state of local equilibrium. The formalism used here is a straight-forward generalization of the Mori-Zwanzig techniques used in linear response theory and it avoids many of the technical difficulties associated with time-dependent projection operators. The method is used here to derive gradient expansions for nonequibrium average values about their values in local equilibrium. This is used to derive the nonlinear hydrodynamic equations for a pure fluid, to Burnett order.     

Mean entropy of states in classical statistical mechanics

The equilibrium states for an infinite system of classical mechanics may be represented by states over AbelianC* algebras. We consider here continuous and lattice systems and define a mean entropy for their states. The properties of this mean entropy are investigated: linearity, upper semi-continuity, integral representations. In the lattice case, it is found that our mean entropy coincides with theKolmogorov-Sinai invariant of ergodic theory.     

Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics of finite classical systems-I

It is pointed out that the fine-grained probability density of statistical mechanics is of interest only through coarse-grained densities—integrals over nonzero volumes of phase space. This suggests the definition of a smoothed probability density: the unsmoothed density convoluted with a kernel having a small spread aroundzero velocity. If this kernel is of Gaussian form, the smoothed density satisfies a closed and exact equation for its evolution differing from the Liouville equation by the addition of one term. This equation is applied to the simple example of a noninteracting system. We need make no assumption about the size of the system in our discussion, though if the system is large enough, the assumption that it is infinite gives the same results. Reduced distribution functions are then discussed, and a treatment of the Landau damping of electron plasma oscillations is given that is free from the usual difficulties occasioned by the breakdown of the linearization.Formerly at Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England.     

The classical statistical mechanics of Frenkel-Kontorova models

The scaling properties of the free energy, specific heat, and mean spacing are calculated for classical Frenkel-Kontorova models at low temperature, in three regimes: near the integrable limit, the anti-integrable limit, and the sliding-pinned transition (transition by breaking of analyticity). In particular, the renormalization scheme given in previous work for ground states of Frenkel-Kontorova models is extended to nonzero-temperature Gibbs states, and the hierarchical melting phenomenon of Vallet, Schilling, and Aubry is put on a rigorous footing.     

Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics of finite classical systems-II

The work of the previous paper is applied to the study of weakly interacting systems. Either by quasilinear techniques or by analyzing the perturbation series for the smoothed probability density, it is possible to derive a master equation equivalent to that of Brout and Prigogine without requiring the size of the system to become infinite. The properties of this equation are discussed. The equation is self-consistent provided the interactions are weak enough; however, examination of higher terms in the perturbation series shows that their effect might make the master equation invalid for times longer than that taken by a typical particle to cross the containing vessel. In many physical cases, the relaxation time will be shorter than this; also, further studies may show the higher terms to be less important than they seem.Formerly at Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, England.     

On the analyticity in the potential in classical statistical mechanics

Some general results on strong cluster properties of connected or partially connected correlations, and their links with analyticity properties with respect to the potential or to classes of perturbations of the potential are presented.Equipe de Recherche du C.N.R.S. No. 174     

Wave function of the harmonic oscillator in classical statistical mechanics

The notion of wave function of the classical harmonic oscillator is discussed. The evolution equation for this wave function is obtained using the classical Liouville equation for the probability-distribution function of the harmonic oscillator. The tomographic-probability distribution of the classical oscillator is studied. Examples of the ground-like state and the coherent state of the classical harmonic oscillator are considered.