Advances in the field of the synthesis of amino derivatives of terpenoids

Information on the synthesis of amino derivatives of monoterpenes by the reduction of oximes by the Leuckart reaction, and by the reductive amination of ketones by amines and nitriles is generalized. The stereochemistry of the amines formed as the result of the above-mentioned reactions is discussed.Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Belorussian SSR, Minsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 145–159, March–April, 1982.     

Palladium mediated C-H activation in the field of terpenoids: synthesis of rostratone

We present results, which indicate that Pd-mediated C-H bond activation can be used under mild conditions for the remote functionalization of C-4 methyl groups of molecules with different terpenoid-like skeletons containing six- or seven-membered A rings. This procedure has allowed us to complete a novel strategy for the synthesis of γ-dioxygenated terpenoids in three stages: (i) selective epoxidation of commercial polyenes, (ii) titanium(III)-catalyzed cyclization of epoxypolyprenes, and (iii) Pd-mediated remote functionalization of equatorial methyl groups. This strategy has proved to be useful for the synthesis of the natural labdane rostratone (1).     

Synthesis and hypotensive activity of new amino derivatives of terpenoids and their structural analogs

Thirty-five new salts of amino ester derivatives of terpenoids have been synthesized and their influence on the level of arterial pressure has been investigated.Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, BSSR Academy of Sciences, Minsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 190–193, March–April, 1988.     

Biomimetic cyclization of geraniol derivatives, a useful tool in the total synthesis of bioactive monocyclic terpenoids

This review is a detailed account of authors' work in the field of biomimetic cyclization of geraniol-like dienes. The very high regio- and enantioselectivity achieved made these elegant reactions a viable tool for the synthesis of monocyclic building blocks used in the synthesis of valued terpenoids, like the precious aroma and perfume constituents' ionones and irones.     

微波辐射在合成沙利度胺的铵盐类衍生物中的应用

沙利度胺(Thalidomide)又名反应停,化学名称为N-2-(2,6-二氧-3-哌啶基)-邻苯二甲酰亚胺[N-2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-phthalidomide],是一种合成类谷氨酸衍生物,曾因致畸副作用而一度停止对其的研究[1].但上个世纪末期,Sampaio[2]等曾报道,沙利度胺可抑制体外LPS刺激原代人体单核细胞生成TNF-α,Kenyon[3]等的研究表明(S)-沙利度胺有着很强的抑制血管生成作用,再度引发了科学界对沙利度胺及其相关衍生物的研究兴趣.     

Stereoselective synthesis of unnatural spiroisoxazolinoproline-based amino acids and derivatives

A route to spiroisoxazolinoproline-based amino acid derivatives is reported in which exo-methyleneprolinate 4 (tert-butyl ester) reacts as a dipolarophile with nitrile oxides to generate spiroisoxazolinoprolinates 7/10/11 in good yields (70-75%) and with ca. 1:4 cis:trans diastereoselectivity. tert-Butyl spiroisoxazolinoprolinates were separable by column chromatography and amenable to scale-up leading to single diastereoisomers of N-Boc and N-Fmoc protected spiroisoxazolinoproline amino acids.     

A novel synthesis of amino acid derivatives of phospholene oxides

A convenient synthetic approach is established to prepare a new class of 1-l-α-amino acid derivatives of phospholene oxides by amination of (±)-1-chloro-2-phospholene-1-oxides with several optically pure l-α-amino acid esters. All compounds obtained as a diastereomeric mixture in good to high yields. The two diastereomers were successfully separated by column chromatography and structurally identified by their spectral analyses.     

Employing lactams for the unprecedented enantiopure synthesis of non-natural amino acid derivatives

The enantiopure non-natural amino acids¹ have been synthesized by insitu generation of iminium and iminium triflates from lactams using triflic anhydride in pyridine buffered media. These molecules with remote chiral centers may be useful in synthesis of natural product particularly Kopsia derived alkaloids.     

氨基酸衍生物的反应、合成和生物活性研究

讨论了我们小组近年来以氨基酸衍生物为主线，在代谢型谷氨酸受体及蛋白激酶C有选择性的调节剂的发现和合成，在发展新反应以及天然产物合成方面所取得的一些结果。     

Click chemistry inspired synthesis of ferrocene amino acids and other derivatives

This work reports the synthesis of a wide range of ferrocenyl-amino acids and other derivatives in excellent yield. Diverse amino acid containing azides were synthesized and ligated to ferrocene employing click reaction to access ferrocenyl amino acids. Chiral alcohols, esters, diols, amines containing azido group were tagged to ferrocene via click reaction to generate ferrocene derived chiral derivatives. A novel strategy for direct incorporation of ferrocene into a peptide and a new route to 1, 1′disubstituted ferrocene amino acid derivative are reported.     

硫杂杯芳烃冠醚的合成及其与氨基酸配合性能的研究

在普通杯芳烃骨架中引入硫原子可以改善普通杯芳烃的配合性能。文中首先合成了硫杂杯[4]芳烃四酰肼衍生物3,在弱酸的催化下继续与化合物4反应,高产率地合成了同时含酰胺和席夫碱单元的硫杂杯[4]芳烃冠醚衍生物5,新化合物的结构经1H NMR、元素分析、ESI-MS等表征证实。同时探讨了新型硫杂杯[4]芳烃衍生物5与系列-α氨基酸的配合性能。     

Exceptional stereoselectivity in the synthesis of 1,3,4-trisubstituted 4-carboxy beta-lactam derivatives from amino acids

[reaction: see text] The base-promoted cyclization of optically pure N-(p-methoxybenzyl)-N-(2-chloro)propionyl amino acid derivatives resulted in a diastereo- and enantioselective approach to valuable 1,3,4,4-tetrasubstituted beta-lactams. The stereochemical outcome of the reaction is exclusively governed by the configuration of the N-(2-chloro)propionyl moiety.     

Exploring the nitro group reduction in low-solubility oligo-phenylenevinylene systems: Rapid synthesis of amino derivatives

Abstract

A small series of amino oligo-phenylenevinylenes (OPVs) were successfully synthesized from their nitro-analogs in a rapid, simple, and highly efficient fashion employing a sodium sulfide/pyridine system as a reducing agent. In this research, classic and sustainable reduction methodologies including NH₄HCO₂/Zn and a choline chloride/tin (II) chloride deep eutectic solvent (DES) were also evaluated, showing degradation products, incomplete reactivity, and product isolation difficulties in all cases. The straightforward Na₂S/pyridine synthetic protocol proved to maintain the E-E stereochemistry of the OPV backbone that has been previously assembled by the Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reaction. Also, the optoelectronic properties were determined and discussed, considering the amino group insertion in these conjugated systems as a contribution for future construction of novel materials with applications in supramolecular electronics, light harvesting, and photocatalysis.     

Asymmetric synthesis of amino acids via the catalytic reduction of acylaminoacrylic acid azlactone derivatives

Reductive aminolysis of 2-methyl-4-benzylidene-²-oxazolin-5-one upon treatment with a PdCl₂-S-phenylalanine ester (dimethylamide) catalytic system leads to the formation of the corresponding acylated dipeptide derivatives, with the R,S-configuration (diastereomer) predominating (DE 9–27%). The reaction stereoselectivity in dimethoxyethane increases sharply in the presence of triethylamine additive, and in the case of S-phenylalanine methyl ester reaches 47%. The stepwise mechanism for this process has been studied.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 811–818, April, 1990.     

Design of chiral organocatalysts for practical asymmetric synthesis of amino acid derivatives

A series of structurally rigid, chiral quaternary ammonium salts and several chiral sec-amine catalysts derived from commercially available (R)- or (S)-binaphthol have been designed as new C(2)-symmetric chiral phase-transfer catalysts and chiral bifunctional amino-catalysts. These chiral organocatalysts have been successfully applied to the highly practical asymmetric synthesis of various amino acid derivatives.     

Preparation of trimethylsilyl derivatives of amino acids and peptides for peptide synthesis

Russian Chemical Bulletin -