共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 375 毫秒
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在部份相干光照明下的环型孔成像系统,对两个点物之分辨,按照Sparrow判据作了分析和研究,将两点之分辨作为两个参数的函数进行讨论-其一为照明光的空间相干条件,其二为环型孔的中心阻挡,在与圆型孔和完全相干照明的情况比较之后指出,环型孔和部份相干照明情况具有更高的两个点物的分辨本领。 相似文献
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Authentication labels based on guided-mode resonant filters 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Wu ML Hsu CL Lan HC Huang HI Liu YC Tu ZR Lee CC Lin JS Su CC Chang JY 《Optics letters》2007,32(12):1614-1616
A guided-mode resonance (GMR) filter with wide angular tolerances is experimentally demonstrated as an authentication label illuminated with unpolarized white light. The proposed filter, based on a free-standing silicon nitride membrane suspended on a silicon substrate, is fabricated by using anisotropic wet etching to remove the substrate beneath the silicon nitride layer. Both grating and waveguide structures without a lower cladding layer, i.e., a substrate, are fabricated simultaneously on a silicon nitride membrane. Since the silicon nitride is transparent within the spectra of visible and infrared light, such suspended-membrane-type GMR filters are well suited for applications within the visible spectrum. Moreover, the high refractive index of silicon nitride allows the proposed filters to have strongly modulated gratings and an immunity to high angular deviation. The measured reflection resonance has an angular tolerance up to +/-5 degrees under normal incidence for the wavelength of 629.5 nm. 相似文献
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In a previous work we presented a new method for binarizing pupil filters designed to control the three-dimensional (3D) irradiance distribution in the focal volume of apodized systems. The method is based in the fact that the 3D amplitude point spread function of an axially-symmetrical system can be recovered entirely from a one-dimensional (1D) set of regularly spaced amplitude samples. Hence we proposed the use of 1D iterative Fourier transform algorithm to binarize a, properly mapped, version of the amplitude transmittance of the filter. The binary masks obtained consist of a set of opaque and transparent concentric annular zones. In this paper we have built two of these masks with opposing properties and we have experimentally verified their abilities in a focusing system. These experimental results strongly agree previous theoretical predictions. 相似文献
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Maksimenka R Nuernberger P Lee KF Bonvalet A Milkiewicz J Barta C Klima M Oksenhendler T Tournois P Kaplan D Joffre M 《Optics letters》2010,35(21):3565-3567
Direct amplitude and phase shaping of mid-infrared femtosecond pulses is realized with a calomel-based acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter transparent between 0.4 and 20 μm. The shaped pulse electric field is fully characterized with high accuracy, using chirped-pulse upconversion and time-encoded arrangement spectral phase interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction techniques. Complex mid-infrared pulse shapes at a center wavelength of 4.9 μm are generated with a spectral resolution of 14 cm(-1), which exceeds by a factor of 5 the reported experimental resolutions of calomel-based filters. 相似文献
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提出一种新的具有高空间分辨力的整形环形光式差动共焦测量方法。该方法通过整形环形光式共焦测量法和锐化爱里斑主瓣,改善系统横向分辨力;通过差动共焦测量法改善系统的轴向分辨力,最终达到提高系统空间分辨能力的目的。理论分析和实验表明:整形环形光内孔归一化半径ε越大,横向分辨力改善越明显,量程扩展范围越宽;当入射光波长λ=632.8nm,物镜数值孔径取NA=0.85,ε=0.5时,该系统的横向分辨力优于0.2μm,轴向分辨力优于2nm。该方法为光触针测量系统空间分辨力的提高提供了1种新的方法,可广泛应用于超精密三维微细结构工件的超精密测量。 相似文献
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Summary We report on the application of Wiener filters to the data of Weber-type gravitational-wave antennas, with particular reference
to data processed by means of lock-in amplifiers driven at the frequencies of the modes of the detector. After a review of
some basic results concerning the filtering of the data, we briefly examine the relationship between Wiener filters and matched
filters. The discussion that follows is centred on various aspects related to the practical application of Wiener filters
as well as on their limitations, also addressing the dependence of their performance on the values of their parameters. Finally,
we consider some applications of non-optimal Wiener filters: by reducing the filter smoothing time constant, the time resolution
can be increased; by increasing it, the filter becomes an estimator of the Brownian motion. 相似文献
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We design three-zone annular filters to be applied to optical storage system. The designed filters extend the depth of focus and realize transverse superresolution simultaneously, which will improve the performance of optical storage system greatly. And we propose two feasible schemes to improve imaging resolution of three-dimensional imaging system. One scheme depends on a complex filter formed by cascading of a three-zone phase filter and a three-zone amplitude filter. The complex filter converge the optimized transverse superresolution and the optimized axial superresolution of two different filters onto a single filter. It can improve the three-dimensional imaging performances greatly. Another scheme depends on a single three-zone complex filter. We propose a three-zone complex filter with phase shift 0.8π, which presents bigger design margin, better imaging quality and stronger three-dimensional superresolution capability. 相似文献
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采用图像诊断方法对高能环形电子束形状及空间尺寸进行了研究,以高能脉冲环形电子束轰击高Z靶材料产生脉冲X射线,X射线经过X射线增感屏转换为可见光,用单次图像采集系统获取可见光的积分图像。为满足诊断所需的空间分辨和系统灵敏度,通过理论计算确立了靶的材料、厚度及X射线增感屏的型号和厚度等参数。根据测试环境,设计了系统的现场安装结构,系统基本满足测试要求。分析从实验中获取的图像,可知环形电子束的内径为36.5 mm,环厚为1 mm,环形不均匀,水平方向电子束强。 相似文献
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Resolution of 90 nm was achieved with a research microscope simply by replacing the standard bright-field condenser with a homebuilt illumination system with a cardioid annular condenser. Diffraction gratings with 100 nm width lines as well as less than 100 nm size features of different-shaped objects were clearly visible on a calibrated microscope test slide. The resolution increase results from a known narrower diffraction pattern in coherent illumination for the annular aperture compared with the circular aperture. This explanation is supported by an excellent accord of calculated and measured diffraction patterns for a 50 nm radius disk. 相似文献
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The performance of pupil filters consisting of two zones each of constant complex amplitude transmittance is investigated. For filters where the transmittance is real, different classes of potentially useful filter are identified and optimized. These include leaky filters with an inner zone of low amplitude transmittance, pure phase filters with phase change of π, and equal area filters. The first of these minimizes the relative power in the outer rings for a given axial resolution, the second maximizes the Strehl ratio for a given transverse resolution, and the third minimizes the relative power in the outer rings for a given transverse resolution. Complex filters can give an axially shifted maximum in intensity: the performance parameters calculated relative to the true focus are investigated for some different classes of filter, but filters with phase change not equal to π are found to give inferior performance to the real value filters. 相似文献
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This paper proposes a novel receive beamformer architecture for broadband imaging systems that uses unique finite impulse response (FIR) filters on each channel. The conventional delay-and-sum (DAS) beamformer applies receive apodization by weighting the signal on each receive channel prior to beam summation. Our proposed FIR beamformer passes the focused receive radio frequency (RF) signals through multi-tap FIR filters on each receive channel prior to summation. The receive FIR filters are constructed to maximize the contrast resolution of the system’s spatial response. The broadband FIR beamformer produces spatial point spread functions (PSFs) with narrower mainlobe widths and lower sidelobe levels than spatial PSFs produced by the conventional DAS beamformer.We present simulation results showing that FIR filters of modest tap lengths (3-7) can yield marked improvement in image contrast and point resolution. Specifically we show that 7-tap FIR filters can reduce sidelobe and grating lobe energy by 30 dB and improve contrast resolution by as much as 20 dB compared to conventional apodization profiles. This improvement in contrast resolution comes at the expense of a decrease in beamformer sensitivity. We investigate the effects of phase aberration and show in simulation results that the multi-tap FIR beamformer outperforms the unaberrated DAS beamformer by 8-12 dB even in the presence of moderate aberration characterized by a root-mean-square strength of 28 ns and a full-width at half-maximum correlation length of 3.6 mm. We show experimental results wherein multi-tap FIR filters decrease sidelobe energy in the resulting 2D spatial response while achieving a narrow mainlobe. We also show results where the FIR beamformer improves the contrast to noise ratio (CNR) in simulated B-mode cyst images by more than 4 dB. Our algorithm has the potential to significantly improve ultrasound beamforming in any application where the system response is reasonably well characterized. Furthermore, this algorithm can be used to increase contrast and resolution in one-way beamforming systems such as acousto-optic and opto-acoustic imaging. 相似文献
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This paper deals with experimental results on flowboiling heat transfer of liquid moving in an annular channel with unilateral
central heating under the conditions of a significant effect of capillary forces on the flow modes and heat transfer. Experiments
were carried out on boiling freon R318C in an annular channel with a gap of 0.95 mm and transparent outer wall. The inner
wall was heated by the electric current. The local heat transfer coefficients and flow modes are presented. The critical film
thickness corresponding to suppression of nucleate boiling was determined. 相似文献
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Scattered light fluorescence (SLF) microscopy has been developed to take images through scattering media with subwavelength resolution. Here, we investigate the effect of an annular pupil on SLF microscopes via theory and simulations. As opposite to subwavelength resolution achieved by the conventional SLF microscopes, super-resolution can be achieved by annular pupil inserted scattered light fluorescence (API-SLF) microscopes. In fact, the resolution of an API-SLF microscope is usually relevant to one of its component, the scattering medium. By showing the average resolution of API-SLF microscopes that composed of different scattering media is about 0.4 times of the incident wavelength, we demonstrate that an API-SLF microscope with appropriate scattering medium is able to beat the diffraction limit. 相似文献
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A shaped annular beam tri-heterodyne confocal microscope with good anti-environmental interference capability 下载免费PDF全文
A shaped annular beam tri-heterodyne confocal microscope has been proposed
to improve the anti-environmental interference capability and the resolution
of a confocal microscope. It simultaneously detects far-, on-, and
near-focus signals with given phase differences by dividing the measured
light path of the confocal microscope into three sub-paths (signals).
Pair-wise real-time heterodyne subtraction of the three signals is used to
improve the anti-environmental interference capability, axial resolution,
and linearity; and a shaped annular beam super-resolution technique is used
to improve lateral resolution. Theoretical analyses and preliminary
experiments indicate that an axial resolution of about 1 nm can be achieved
with a shaped annular beam tri-heterodyne confocal microscope and its
lateral resolution can be better than 0.2 $\mu $m for $\lambda =632.8$~nm,
the numerical aperture of the lens of the microscope is NA $=0.85$, and the
normalized radius $\varepsilon =0.5$. 相似文献
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We present a new method with which to binarize pupil filters designed to control the three-dimensional irradiance distribution in the focal volume of an optical system. The method is based on a one-dimensional iterative algorithm, which results in efficient use of computation time and in simple, easy to fabricate binary filters. An acceptable degree of resemblance between the point-spread function of the annular binary filter and that of its gray-tone counterpart is obtained. 相似文献
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J. Sijbers P. Scheunders N. Bonnet D. Van Dyck E. Raman 《Magnetic resonance imaging》1996,14(10):1157-1163
A procedure is developed to quantify and improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of magnetic resonance images. The image SNR is quantified using the correlation function of two independent acquisitions of an image. To test the performance of the quantification, SNR measurement data are fitted to theoretically expected curves. The proposed correlation technique is also used to improve the SNR by estimating the amplitude of the signal spectrum. The technique is applied to a set of MR images, and its performance in terms of gain in SNR, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and resolution loss is compared to that of classical noise filters. The SNR as well as the CNR is improved significantly with minor loss of resolution. Finally, it is shown that the correlation technique can be implemented in a highly efficient way in almost any acquisition procedure of a magnetic resonance imaging system. 相似文献
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利用matlab优化工具箱,采用非线性规划,对三区振幅型(透过率为1-0-1)和三区位相型(相位角为π-0-π)光瞳滤波器进行三维超分辨优化设计,建立了优化模型,经计算机多次迭代运算,改变斯特尔比s值,给出了优化结果.结果显示:所设计的滤波器较好地实现了横向和轴向三维超分辨,且轴向超分辨能力优于横向;相同斯特尔比下,位相型三维超分辨能力优于振幅型,并且这两种滤波器结构简单,容易实现. 相似文献