硼酸盐润滑油添加剂的研究现状和进展

综述了国内外硼酸盐润滑油添加剂的研究现状,介绍了针对其合成和作用机制研究的进展,并对其前景进行了展望.指出硼酸盐已成为近年来绿色润滑油添加剂研究领域的热点之一,有机硼酸盐润滑油添加剂克服了无机硼酸盐分散稳定性差的弱点,代表了综合性能优良的硼酸盐润滑油添加剂的发展方向.     

苯并噻唑(啉)类润滑油添加剂的研究进展

苯并噻唑(啉)类添加剂是一类具有良好摩擦学性能、抗氧抗腐性能的环境友好型润滑油添加剂。本文对其摩擦学性能、抗氧抗腐性能和复配性能等方面做了系统评述,并对其研究和应用方面的问题作了初步总结,期望能够为苯并噻唑(啉)类润滑油添加剂的实际应用起到一定的指导作用。     

丁二酰亚胺类分散剂体系的介观模拟研究

以润滑油添加剂丁二酰亚胺类分散剂的分散性能为研究目标，运用耗散粒子动力学介观模拟方法考察了分散剂结构、用量、与润滑油的相互作用等因素对分散性能的影响，并用分子模拟方法估算了模拟需要的介观参数.通过恰当地定义分散性能，选择合适的模型化合物，得到了与实验研究定性一致的模拟结果.为润滑油分散剂的分子设计提供有益的理论指导.     

超声辅助制备表面修饰纳米Ca2B6O11及表征

纳米材料的制备及其应用于润滑油摩擦性能研究,对于改善油品的性能和延长设备的使用寿命具有重要的意义。首次采用超声辅助法合成了球型、粒径分布均匀的纳米硼酸钙润滑油添加剂并对其进行了表征。XRD结合热分析发现样品在室温下为非晶态,750℃结晶,且原料配比对晶态没有影响。SEM和TEM分析证明在超声波辅助下可以得到50 nm的超微粒子,而不用超声波的样品粒径为200~300 nm。在超声和搅拌下将2%的添加剂均匀分散在润滑油中,得到成品油。静置观察评价了润滑油的分散性和稳定性。在重负荷车辆与工业齿轮油中试验检验了润滑油的的润滑性能。结果表明,纳米硼酸钙添加剂具有良好的分散性、稳定性和抗磨减摩性能。     

高效液相色谱法测定合成航空润滑油中添加剂

为了提高使用性能,合成航空润滑油中一般加有多种添加剂。因此,分析测定添加剂的含量,不仅对产品的质量管理,而且对研究各油品的使用寿命、废油再生及其解剖分析等都有一定意义。 我们在前人工作的基础上,时常见的合成航空润滑油多种添加剂的高效液相色谱法的测定进行了研究(添加剂种类参见图1)。在采用回收率法进行     

基于植物油的润滑油基础油及添加剂合成研究

综述了植物油用作润滑油基础油的改性方法,包括提高植物油中油酸含量的生物改性方法、减少植物油分子不饱和度和提高植物油分子支化度的化学改性方法以及加入硼酸类添加剂或氮化硼纳米粒子等添加剂改性方法;通过在植物油分子中引入功能性官能团以及与其他单体聚合等方法可由植物油合成润滑油添加剂,提高油品的增黏、降凝和抗磨等性能。      

润滑油纳米清净剂研究进展

润滑油纳米清净剂主要用于提高润滑油的使用性能,是当代内燃机油不可或缺的一类添加剂。本文对润滑油纳米清净剂制备过程及其制备机理的研究进展、不同纳米清净剂的性能、所用表面活性剂的发展趋势,尤其对纳米清净剂胶体微粒的组成结构、酸中和性能及抗磨性能的研究进展进行了综述,并提出了润滑油纳米清净剂今后的研究方向。     

一种苯并咪唑黄原酸酯的合成及其摩擦学性能

由于操作条件及环境保护的要求日益苛刻,环境友好型润滑油添加剂越来越受到人们的关注,润滑油添加剂向着低灰份、多功能、绿色环保方向发展。本文设计合成了三个环保型含氮硫化合物,采用质谱,红外光谱,元素分析对其结构进行了表征。考察了该类添加剂在菜籽油中的溶解性;采用热重分析对其热稳定性进行了评价;并在四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察了所合成的含氮硫化合物在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能。结果表明,该类添加剂在菜籽油中的溶解度都能达到2%,最低热分解温度为129℃,最高达532℃;在菜籽油中的极压值最高达1186N,是菜籽油的2倍,是ZDDP的1.3倍,抗磨性能最好的是B3,极压值最好的是B2。     

应用MIBK—冰醋酸体系AAS法直接测定添加剂和润滑油中钙、钡、锌含量

润滑油中添加剂组元金属钙、钡、锌含量的变化是表示油样中添加剂含量及使用性能变化程度的重要指标之一。测定上述元素     

WS2纳米棒的合成及其摩擦学性能

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为表面活性剂,利用水热合成法在180℃条件下成功制备出WS2纳米棒。用XRD、SEM、TEM和HRTEM对WS2纳米棒的结构进行表征和分析,并提出了可能的生长机理。将WS2作为润滑油添加剂加到基础油中,用CETR UMT-2摩擦磨损仪测试其摩擦学性能。结果表明:WS2纳米棒作为润滑油添加剂表现出良好的摩擦性能。     

The analysis of lubricating oil additives by supercritical fluid chromatography with packed and open tubular capillary columns

Lubricating oil additives have been analyzed by supercritical fluid chromatography on open tubular and packed capillary columns. Carbon dioxide and modified carbon dioxide were used as mobile phases and detection was accomplished by flame ionization and micro UV. Rapid and efficient analysis of the lubricating oil additives was demonstrated.     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-氯化银复合纳米微球的制备及其摩擦学性能

采用原位种子乳液聚合法合成了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 氯化银(PMMA AgCl)核壳结构复合纳米微球,通过透射电镜(TEM),红外光谱(IR),热分析(TG DTA)和X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等测试手段对其结构及性能进行了表征.在四球试验机上对其摩擦学行为进行了考察,研究结果表明,PMMA AgCl核壳结构复合纳米微球用作润滑油添加剂具有良好的抗磨性能,能显著提高基础油的失效负荷.     

Characterization of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate lubricating oil additives by high-voltage zone electrophoresis

A method is described for the rapid qualitative characterization of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate oil additives by high-voltage zone electrophoresis, on a silica gel substrate. Samples of lubricating oils and lubricating oil additive packages can be analysed directly, as solutions in light petroleum (b.p. 80–100°).     

The issue of contamination in recycling

This paper describes a model study aimed at establishing the main contamination issues for material recycling of HDPE blow-moulded containers. Detergent, bleach, lubricating oil and white spirit containers purchased from retailers have been recycled separately. Both atmospheric contamination during recycling, and the presence of contaminants in the recycled pellets and containers, have been measured. Standard washing and extrusion procedures were used with no attempt to optimise the treatment at this stage. The main contaminants found in the recycled bottles were oil and white spirit (both up to 0.6% by weight). Small amounts of chlorine (from bleach), limonene (from detergent) and oil additives were also found in the reprocessed pellet.     

聚合物纳米微球的合成及摩擦学行为

润滑油添加剂;抗磨性;缓存;聚合物纳米微球的合成及摩擦学行为     

Oil‐Soluble Polymer Brush Grafted Nanoparticles as Effective Lubricant Additives for Friction and Wear Reduction

The development of high performance lubricants has been driven by increasingly growing industrial demands and environmental concerns. Herein, we demonstrate oil‐soluble polymer brush‐grafted inorganic nanoparticles (hairy NPs) as highly effective lubricant additives for friction and wear reduction. A series of oil‐miscible poly(lauryl methacrylate) brush‐grafted silica and titania NPs were synthesized by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. These hairy NPs showed exceptional stability in poly(alphaolefin) (PAO) base oil; no change in transparency was observed after being kept at ?20, 22, and 100 °C for ≥55 days. High‐contact stress ball‐on‐flat reciprocating sliding tribological tests at 100 °C showed that addition of 1 wt % of hairy NPs into PAO led to significant reductions in coefficient of friction (up to ≈40 %) and wear volume (up to ≈90 %). The excellent lubricating properties of hairy NPs were further elucidated by the characterization of the tribofilm formed on the flat. These hairy NPs represent a new type of lubricating oil additives with high efficiency in friction and wear reduction.     

Modelling relation between oxidation resistance and tribological properties of non-toxic lubricants with the use of artificial neural networks

The lubricants based on vegetable oils, as environmental friendly, are urgently sought. However, in addition to ecological characteristics, the lubricating properties have to be met. To meet these requirements the active additives influencing the lubricating properties and oxidation resistance are used. The useful lifetime of lubricants is determined largely by their abilities to resist oxidation. The article presented the results of new, ecological lubricants development. The oxidation performances of different developed lubricants have been tested. The experimentally determined oxidation stability of the compositions based on vegetable oils are presented. Analysed oxidation onset temperature was obtained from the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, which provides the rapid prediction of the oxidative stability of lubricants. Besides the lubricating composition based on vegetable oils, the developed greases-based mineral, or synthetic oil were investigated. The properties of these greases were evaluated using the measurement of parameters describing structure (penetration) and resistance to high temperature (dropping point). The lubricating properties of both the greases and vegetable oil compositions were tested on four-ball testing machine. In the results of the modelling of the lubricating properties the neural network models for the both types of the lubricants were developed. A discussion of the research results and analysis of models validity is given below. The experimental results are compared with the calculated using the neural models. An acceptable agreement was achieved.     

聚苯胺的合成及其摩擦学行为的研究

选择合适的ＳＤＢＳ／ 苯胺／ 水三组分Ｏ／Ｗ 微乳液与苯胺单体共存的两相体系,以单体相为单体源,在Ｏ／Ｗ 三组分微乳液中进行了苯胺聚合,成功地制备出了能够稳定分散于石腊油的聚苯胺微粒。并在四球试验机上研究合成条件、负荷、浓度对其摩擦学行为的影响。结果表明：聚苯胺有一定的减摩抗磨效果