Midinfrared dielectric coated metallic waveguides

The transmission characteristics of planar dielectric coated metallic waveguides are investigated. In addition, the coupling of a gaussian beam into the normal modes of these devices and the far field radiated from an open end are discussed in detail.     

Coupled-mode analysis of periodic dielectric waveguides

The coupled-mode formalism is used to describe the behavior of a corrugated dielectric waveguide. Explicit expressions for the dispersion near the Bragg regime are given. These are compared with the results of an “exact” analysis.     

A computation of the reflection and transmission coefficients for dielectric coated waveguides

A previously developed variational technique for finding the approximate solution to the electromagnetic field inside waveguides of varying shapes and containing non-uniform dielectric and magnetic materials is applied to the specific case of an axisymmetric waveguide containing three layers of different dielectric materials. The magnetic permeability is taken equal to unity. The method enables the problem to be reduced to a two point boundary value problem for a pair of second order, linear, ordinary differential equations. The values of the reflection and transmission coefficients obtained by this method are in good agreement with those derived from solving the partial differential equations for the field.     

Optical characteristic analysis of ridge dielectric waveguides

The optical characteristics of the ridge weak absorptive dielectric waveguide are analysed by using both the equivalent index method and the differentiation method. The approximate expressions are derived for calculating the mode loss coefficients. The computations are carried out for SiO₂/GaAs/AlGaAs waveguides. It is shown that the method given in this paper is very accurate, and the results computed by this method are in good agreement with the numerical results of the mode complex eigenvalue equations.     

FDTD analysis of point-defected periodical dielectric waveguides

In this paper, we utilize the finite-difference time-domain method to analyze the transmission characteristics of the point-defected periodical dielectric waveguides (point-defected PDWGs). Each point-defected PDWG contains a defected cylinder distinct from the others. It is found that the optical transmittance becomes worse due to the shorter defected cylinder but it is not affected by the longer one. Moreover, the optical transmission is very sensitive to the radius of the defected cylinder whatever it is larger or smaller than that of the other cylinders.     

Wave-matching method for mode analysis of dielectric waveguides

Frequently the cross-section of a longitudinally homogeneous dielectric waveguide may be decomposed into rectangles with constant permittivity. For points inside these rectangles the wave equation for modal fields is solved analytically by expanding into functions with harmonic or exponential dependence on the transverse coordinates. Minimization of a least-squares expression for the remaining misfit on the boundary lines allows us to determine propagation constants and fields for guided modes. Semivectorial calculations for two sets of rib waveguides and the centre sections of a directional coupler and an MMI device show very good agreement with results found in the literature. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Numerical analysis of dispersion characteristics of flat dielectric waveguides

A method is proposed for calculation of the dispersion characteristics of flat gradient dielectric waveguides. The method is based on numerical integration of a system of ordinary differential equations obtained by differentiation of solutions of the initial boundary-value problem with respect to a parameter.Samara State University. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 143–147, February, 1993.     

A new approach for analysis of closed dielectric waveguides

The dispersion characteristics of a class of closed dielectric waveguides are investigated by the method which combines the building-block approach of mul timode network theory with rigorous mode matching procedure. Several numerical examples for different guiding structures have been given by the approach. The same structures are also analyzed with the finite element method and the EDC method for comparison. The calculations show that the present approach yields as highly accurate results as the finite element method while almost retaining the simplicity of the EDC method, and justify the utility of the present method     

Free space radiation mode analysis of rectangular dielectric waveguides

The free space radiation mode (FSRM) method is used to provide a new closed-form transcendental equation for the scalar mode propagation constant of a uniformly buried rectangular dielectric waveguide. Results are readily and rapidly obtained and are shown to be very accurate over the range of practical interest.     

Coupled mode analysis of light modulation in dielectric waveguides

A detailed analysis of electrooptic light modulation in optical waveguides is presented. Several important problems of a waveguide modulator, such as the difference of waveguide axes from crystalline electrooptic ones, the distribution of transverse and longitudinal field components of light modes, and the traveling-wave property of the modulating field, are discussed. The analysis is based on the coupled mode theory, regarding the modulation as the coupling among sidebands of unperturbed waveguide modes. The coupled mode equation is derived for the modulation in optical waveguides. It can be solved if the normal modes of the waveguide are given. Actually the equation is solved for the modulation in dielectric slab waveguides and the mechanism of modulation is discussed. The results of the analysis are applied to designing two types of waveguide modulators. In an example (10.6 μm modulator with a GaAs slab waveguide) a new efficient crystal orientation is found. The calculated phase retardation with this orientation is 0.13 rad/(V·cm) with a 1 μm thick slab. Another example of a 0.633 μm modulator using a LiTaO₃ crystal as a substrate is also described.     

涂覆石墨烯的非对称并行电介质纳米线波导的模式特性分析

采用多级展开方法,对涂覆石墨烯的非对称并行电介质纳米线波导的模式特性进行了分析.首先对这种波导中的表面等离子模式进行分类,然后对七种低阶模式的有效折射率和传播长度随工作频率、几何结构参数和石墨烯费米能的依赖关系进行详细的分析.结果表明,通过改变工作频率、几何结构参数和石墨烯的费米能,可以在较大范围内调节模式的特性.与有限元法进行的对比表明,基于多级方法的半解析结果与有限元法的数值结果非常符合.研究结果可为涂覆石墨烯的非对称并行电介质纳米线的设计和制作提供一定的理论基础.     

Rigorous analysis of optical forces between two dielectric planar waveguides immersed in dielectric fluid media

This work presents a rigorous analysis of optical forces between planar waveguides immersed in an arbitrary background medium. This approach exploits the Minkowski stress tensor formulation, which is compared with a normalized version of the dispersion relation method, showing excellent results agreement for different dielectric fluid media. Due to slot‐waveguide effect, optical forces from TM modes are more sensitive to changes in the fluid refractive index than the TE counterparts. Furthermore, the repulsive optical force from the antisymmetric TM1 mode becomes stronger for higher refractive indexes, whereas the attractive force of the symmetric TM0 mode becomes weaker. The methodology and results presented in this work provide a rigorous analysis of nano‐optomechanical devices actuated by optical forces in a broad range of materials and applications. Therefore, this study may impact areas of light‐induced interactions presenting novel optofluidic and optomechanical functionalities, thus finding applications in nanoscale transport, sensing and manipulation.

     

Mode conversion in dielectric waveguides

We have studied the effect of weakz-dependence of the dielectric constant on the propagation of modes in SELFOC fibres. We have also used the Green's function technique to study mode conversion due to weak irregularities in a waveguide.     

Collocation calculations on dielectric waveguides

Physics Problems Institute, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 93–102, January, 1988.     

Coupled surface polariton with guided wave polariton modes in asymmetric metal clad dielectric waveguides

It is emphasized that in metal-dielectric layered systems with a thin metallic layer, surface plasmon-polaritons (SP) can couple with guided wave polaritons (GWP) and form new hybrid modes with properties of both SP and GWP. This is illustrated by analyzing the properties of electromagnetic modes in an asymmetric metal-clad-dielectric-slab waveguide and their dependence on the thickness of metal cladding.     

A partially reflecting metal cladding: its effect on the modes of dielectric optical waveguides

If the metal cladding of a dielectric optical waveguide is sufficiently thin to be only partially reflecting, then the waveguide modes differ from those of the conventional metal-clad waveguide. The TE modes are little affected by a variation in the metal thickness but the TM modes change considerably due to a coupling between the waveguide modes and the surface plasma waves supported by both the metal: dielectric interfaces and the metal film. It is the refractive index of the dielectric cladding which is remote from the guiding core that determines whether the lowest order TM mode is the TM₀ or TM₁ mode. This dielectric cladding also strongly influences the attenuation of the TM modes and, if the guide supports a TM₀ mode, then the attenuation of the TM modes far from cut-off are an order of magnitude higher than that of the corresponding modes when the guide cannot support a TM₀ mode. If the guide can support a TM₀ mode then its dimensions can be chosen such that it will support the TE_N and TM_N modes with equal phase velocities. A lossless approximation is used to develop an expression which will specify the required guide dimensions directly and parametric plots of these dimensions are discussed.     

基于涂覆石墨烯的三根电介质纳米线的THz波导的模式特性分析

研究了一种基于涂覆石墨烯的三根电介质纳米线的THz波导,采用多极方法对这种波导所支持的5种低阶模的有效折射率的实部和传播长度进行了解析分析.结果表明,通过改变工作频率、中间纳米线半径、纳米线之间的间距以及石墨烯的费米能,可以有效地调节波导的模式特性.当工作频率从30 THz增加到40 THz时,这些模式的有效折射率的实部增大,传播长度减小,并且在变化的过程中会出现交叉现象.当中间纳米线的半径从25 nm增加到75 nm时,除了模式3和模式4基本不受影响,其他模式有效折射率的实部增大,传播长度变化各不相同.当纳米线之间的间距从10 nm增加到50 nm时,除了模式3和模式4基本不受影响,其他模式有效折射率的实部减小,传播长度增大,并且在变化的过程中会出现交叉现象.当石墨烯的费米能从0.4 eV增加到1.2 eV时,有效折射率的实部减小,传播长度增大.计算表明,多极法得到的结果与有限元方法得到的结果完全一致.本研究可以为基于涂覆石墨烯的电介质纳米线的THz波导的设计、制作和应用提供理论基础.     

涂覆石墨烯的椭圆形电介质纳米线光波导的模式特性分析

设计了一种涂覆石墨烯的椭圆形电介质纳米线光波导.采用分离变量法,在椭圆柱坐标系中,借助Mathieu函数,得到了色散方程.通过数值求解色散方程,可以得到模式的有效折射率和场分布,从而得到模式的传播长度.研究了工作波长、结构参数以及石墨烯的费米能对模式特性的影响,并给出了前五个模式的品质因数.计算表明,当波长从4.3μm增加到8.8μm,这5个模式的有效折射率的实部减小,基模和一阶模的传播长度增大,二阶模的传播长度先增大后减小.当改变纳米线结构参数半长轴和半短轴时,对基模和一阶模的模式特性影响较小,对二阶模的模式特性影响较大.当石墨烯的费米能从0.45 eV增加到0.72 eV时,有效折射率的实部减小,传播长度可以达到2μm左右.分离变量法得到的结果与有限元方法得到的结果完全一致.本文工作可以为基于涂覆石墨烯的电介质纳米线的光波导的设计、制作和应用提供理论基础.     

Frequency-selective coupling in parallel dielectric waveguides

A formula for the efficiency of coupling of electromagnetic energy between dielectric waveguides which, in the absence of coupling, have unequal guided-mode propagation constants, is derived. This result is used in calculating the frequency dependence of coupling between non-identical slab waveguides.     

Optical characteristics of bent dielectric rectangular waveguides

Bent rectangular waveguide characteristics are analysed using conformal transformation and four-layered waveguide approximation. Using this method the physical model is clear, the optical characteristic expressions given are uncomplicated and the computed result is in good agreement with the results of Marcatili and Marcuse.