含时边界条件和Berry相位

对一具有含时边界条件的量子体系,有效哈密顿算符可用一种简单的方式去构造而不涉及任何几何处理。用这种方法构造了一个在半径随时间变化的球形盒子内的量子粒子的有效哈密顿算符,并用它来计算波函数的Berry相位。发现有效哈密顿算符与原哈密顿算符在形式上由一静态规范变换相关联。这两个哈密顿算符的量子态差Berry相位。 关键词：     

转动核对转移矩阵元与Berry相位

采用粒子数守恒方法,对推转壳模型(j=11/2)进行了精确计算,详细分析了转动原子核中对转移矩阵元随转动频率的变化.与粒子数投影的Hatree-Fock-Bogoliubov方法导出的结论相反,“diabolic对转移”现象仅出现在高激发带,而晕带到晕带的对转移矩阵元则变化较为缓慢,并不出现振荡现象.     

表面等离子体波检测的新技术研究

报道表面等离子体波的一种新的检测技术，可以同时获得表面等离子体波激发过程中反射光的相位和光强变化。理论计算表明，表面等离子体激发过程中，Ｐ偏振反射波相位的变化可达３００°。在此基础上建立了光学外差测量装置，可同时获得相位和强度变化的信息，实验数据和理论计算吻合非常好。此方法比仅能给出强度变化的角度扫描衰减全反射（ＡＴＲ）方法，提供了更多的信息，而且相位检测比强度检测灵敏度高，为表面光学性质的研究、ＬＢ膜特征研究以及表面等离子体波传感器的研究提供了更有力的工具。     

量子Berry相因子与相位教学

回顾了经典物理和量子力学中的相位问题,着重讨论了量子几何Berry相位及在量子力学中如何进行量子相位教学的问题.     

激光等离子体波电子加速器

本文分别用理论分析和粒子模拟方法讨论了等离子体尾波加速器和拍波加速器的物理机制。结果表明,只要激光等离子体波足够强,加上适当强度的横向磁场,就可以把MeV数量级的电子在公尺距离内加速到GeV数量级的能量。另外,还用粒子模拟方法,研究了激光对热等离子体受激向后喇曼散射产生低相速度的等离子体静电波对低能电子加速的问题,探讨了多级或多波加速的可能性。结果表明,利用激光等离子体波加速器,在一般的实验室条件下,就可获得GeV数量级的高能电子。 关键词：     

具有含时频率和边界条件的谐振子量子态的Berry相位

对具有一运动边界的一维无限深势阱内频率随时间变化的谐振子的含时Schrdinger方程连续进行两次规范变换，可以得到精确解和Lewis不变量算符.基于该精确解利用几何距离和曲线的几何长度概念计算了体系量子态的Berry相位. 关键词：     

等离子体相位共轭理论

本文统一研究磁化和无磁化等离子体的相位共轭理论.这一理论可用于微波频段相位共轭器的研制.     

动边界量子含时谐振子系统的Lewis-Riesenfeld相位与Berry相位

根据Lewis-Riesenfeld的量子不变量理论,计算了一维动壁无限深势阱内频率随时间变化的谐振子的Lewis-Riesenfeld相位,发现刘登云文中“非绝热Berry相位”与Lewis-Riesenfeld相位中的几何部分完全一致.也许更为重要的是,证明了至少对于做正弦振动的边界,在绝热近似下,该系统不存在非零的Berry相位. 关键词： Berry相位 Lewis-Riesenfeld相位 量子不变量 动边界     

磁镜等离子体中电子回旋波加热实验的理论研究

本文利用平行平板模型,给出了在不同位置、以不同角度入射到平衡的磁镜等离子体中电子回旋波的传播轨迹;利用线性理论计算了O,X波能量分别被本底电子、热电子吸收的波能量沉积率。根据计算结果,文中对加热本底等离子体的特征进行了描述,对非封闭热电子环的形成作了初步解释。     

等离子体中相对论性电子回旋波色散关系

推导了一般条件下的相对论性电子回旋波色散关系。其中采用了相对论性修正的分布函数。对奇点作了较好的处理。所得到的公式可直接用于计算一般条件下的相对论性电子回旋波的传播和吸收问题。为高温等离子体波的研究提供了一个很方便的理论公式。 关键词：     

Zitterbewegung and gravitational Berry phase

Berry phases mix states of positive and negative energy in the propagation of fermions and bosons in external gravitational and electromagnetic fields and generate Zitterbewegung oscillations. The results are valid in any reference frame and to any order of approximation in the metric deviation.     

非线性系统的非对角Berry相

研究了非线性系统中非对角情况的Berry相位, 给出了非线性非对角Berry相位的计算公式. 结果表明, 在非线性非对角情况下, 总相位包含有动力学相位, 通常意义的Berry相位, 以及非线性引起的附加相位. 此外, 还包含有非对角情况时所特有的新的附加项. 这新的一项表示, 当系统哈密顿慢变时产生的Bogoliubov涨落, 与另一个瞬时本征态之间的交叉效应, 进而对总的Berry相位产生影响. 作为应用, 对二能级玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体系, 具体计算了非线性非对角的Berry相位. 关键词： Berry 相位 非对角 绝热演化 玻色爱因斯坦凝聚     

Wave-packet dynamics of Bloch electrons—Role of Berry phase

Motivated by a recent proposal on the possibility of observing a monopole in the band structure, and by an increasing interest in the role of Berry phase in spintronics, we reconsidered the problem of adiabatic motion of a wave packet of Bloch functions, under a perturbation varying slowly and incommensurately to the lattice structure. We showed, using only the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, that the effective wave-packet dynamics of Bloch electrons is conveniently described by a set of equations of motion (EOM) in which a non-Abelian Berry phase associated with the internal degree of freedom appears.     

Optical tuning of Berry phase effect in topological insulators

We theoretically discuss the influence of driving laser field on the topological nature, one of the manifestation of the electron Berry phase effect, in two-dimensional electronic systems. Adiabatic change of the laser amplitude with circular polarization alters the “order parameter”, termed the Chern number, in topological insulator with broken time-reversal symmetry, resulting in photo-induced phase transition. The finding is an optical analog of the integer quantum Hall effect, that is triggered by the laser field instead of magnetic field. This parallelism suggests the similarity of effects to electron dynamics between circularly polarized light and magnetic field.     

Adiabatic Berry phase in an atom-molecule conversion system

We investigate the Berry phase of adiabatic quantum evolution in the atom-molecule conversion system that is governed by a nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We find that the Berry phase consists of two parts: the usual Berry connection term and a novel term from the nonlinearity brought forth by the atom-molecule coupling. The total geometric phase can be still viewed as the flux of the magnetic field of a monopole through the surface enclosed by a closed path in parameter space. The charge of the monopole, however, is found to be one third of the elementary charge of the usual quantized monopole. We also derive the classical Hannay angle of a geometric nature associated with the adiabatic evolution. It exactly equals minus Berry phase, indicating a novel connection between Berry phase and Hannay angle in contrast to the usual derivative form.     

Berry phase of coupled two arbitrary spins in a time-varying magnetic field

In this paper, we investigate the Berry phase of two coupled arbitrary spins driven by a time-varying magnetic field where the Hamiltonian is explicitly time-dependent. Using a technique of time-dependent gauge transform the Berry phase and time-evolution operator are found explicitly in the adiabatic approximation. The general solutions for arbitrary spins are applied to the spin-1/2\ system as an example of explanation.     

Berry phase of primordial scalar and tensor perturbations in single-field inflationary models

In the framework of the single-field slow-roll inflation, we derive the Hamiltonian of the linear primordial scalar and tensor perturbations in the form of time-dependent harmonic oscillator Hamiltonians. We find the invariant operators of the resulting Hamiltonians and use their eigenstates to calculate the adiabatic Berry phase for sub-horizon modes in terms of the Lewis–Riesenfeld phase. We conclude by discussing the discrepancy in the results of Pal et al. (2013) [21] for these Berry phases, which is resolved to yield agreement with our results.     

Quantum Mechanical Histories and the Berry Phase

We elaborate on the distinction between geometric and dynamical phase in quantum theory and we show that the former is intrinsically linked to the quantum mechanical probabilistic structure. In particular, we examine the appearance of the Berry phase in the consistent histories scheme and establish that it is the basic building block of the decoherence functional. These results are consequences of the novel temporal structure of histories-based theories.     

Quantum phase transition in XY spin chain with three-site interaction studied in terms of Loschmidt echo and Berry phase

By means of the Loschmidt Echo (LE) and Berry Phase (BP) calculations, quantum phase transition (QPT) of an XY spin chain with three-site interaction (α) in a transverse magnetic field (λ) is studied. Both the LE and BP?s λ derivative present anomaly behaviors at the critical regions λ₁,λ₂ and λ₃. The model is in the Ferromagnetic phase as λ>λ₁=1+α and in the Spin Liquid I phase as −1+α<λ<1+α. λ₁ and λ₂ are independent on the anisotropy parameter γ. But, the anisotropy interaction can shift the critical line λ₃ between the Spin Liquid II phase and the Ferromagnetic phase. The present work suggests that QPT of the XY spin chain with three-site interaction can be characterized by exploring the dynamical behaviors of the LE and BP.     

电磁波在非磁化等离子体中衰减效应的实验研究

针对等离子体隐身技术在航空航天领域的良好应用前景, 开展垂直入射到具有金属衬底的非磁化等离子体中电磁波衰减特性的理论与实验研究. 利用WKB方法对电磁波衰减随等离子体参数的变化规律进行了理论分析. 利用射频电感耦合放电方式产生稳定的大面积等离子体层, 搭建了等离子体反射率弓形测试系统, 进行了电磁波在非磁化等离子体中衰减效应的实验研究. 利用微波相位法和光谱诊断法, 得到不同放电功率下的等离子体电子密度, 其范围为8.17×10⁹–7.61× 10¹⁰ cm^-3. 本实验获得的等离子体可以使2.7 GHz 和10.1 GHz电磁波分别得到一定的衰减, 且电磁波衰减的理论与实验结果符合较好. 结果表明, 提高等离子体电子密度和覆盖均匀性有利于增强等离子体对电磁波的衰减效果.