H2O2-Luminol流动注射-抑制化学发光法测定银杏黄酮

基于在碱性条件下,银杏黄酮对H2O2 Luminol体系有显著的抑制作用,结合反相流动注射技术,首次建立了流动注射 抑制化学发光测定银杏提取物中的银杏黄酮。银杏黄酮质量浓度在0.2～20.0μg mL范围与相对发光强度呈线性关系,检出限为0.1μg mL,采样频率为140次 h,对10.0μg mL的银杏黄酮平行测定11次,其RSD为1.5%,回收率为100.0%～100.2%。该方法可用于银杏黄酮制剂的测定。     

CIO^——鲁米诺流动注射-抑制化学发光法测定银杏黄酮

基于在碱性条件下，银杏黄酮对CIO^--鲁米诺体系有显著的抑制作用，结合反相流动注射技术，建立了流动注射．抑制化学发光测定银杏提取物中的银杏黄酮。银杏黄酮质量浓度在0．4～14．0μg/ML范围与相对发光强度呈线性关系，检出限为0．06μg/ML，采样频率为120次／h，对10．0μg／ML的银杏黄酮平行测定11次，其RSD为1．2％，回收率为98、0％～104％。该方法可用于银杏黄酮制剂的测定。     

AuCl_4~--鲁米诺体系测定氨苄西林钠

在NaOH介质中, AuCl4-氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光, 氨苄西林钠显著增强该体系的发光. 据此, 建立了一种测定氨苄西林钠的流动注射化学发光新方法. 在优化的实验条件下, 该法测定氨苄西林钠的线性范围为0.01～10 μg/mL, 检出限为4.0 ng/mL, 对1.0 μg/mL 氨苄西林钠进行了11次测定, 其相对标准偏差为1.4%. 用于粉针剂、合成样品及尿样中氨苄西林钠的测定.     

AuCl_4~--鲁米诺体系测定阿莫西林钠的含量

在NaOH介质中,AuCl4-氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光,阿莫西林钠显著增强该体系的发光,据此建立了测定阿莫西林钠的流动注射化学发光新方法.在优化的实验条件下,测定阿莫西林钠的线性范围为0.01～15 μg/mL,检出限为2.6 ng/mL,对1.0 μg/mL阿莫西林钠进行了11次平行测定,其相对标准偏差为1.7%.本法已用于针剂及血清中阿莫西林钠的测定.     

银的流动注射共振光散射法测定

利用自制的流通池,研究了流动注射分析与共振光散射光谱法联用的测定技术;探讨了Ag的流动注射和共振光散射光谱测定的工作条件;Ag的线性范围为0～100 μg/mL,检出限为0.136 μg/mL,测定频率为43次/h;实验结果表明本文所建立的方法快速、所需的化学试剂少.     

化学发光法测定氨苄西林钠

在NaOH介质中,KI04氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光,氨苄西林钠显著增强该体系的发光.据此,建立了一种简单、快速测定氨苄西林钠的流动注射化学发光新方法.在优化的实验条件下,线性范围为0.01～10 μg/mL,检出限为3.0 ng/mL,对1.0 μg/mL氨苄西林钠进行了11次平行测定,其相对标准偏差为1.4%.已用于粉针剂、合成样品及尿样中氨苄西林钠的测定.     

流动注射褪色光度法测定食品中的亚硫酸盐

基于亚硫酸盐在碱性条件下与碱性品红的褪色反应,建立了流动注射光度分析测定食品中亚硫酸盐的新方法.在38样/h采样频率下检出限为0.016μg/mL,SO32-质量浓度在0.04～1.5 μg/mL范围符合朗伯比耳定律,测定1.2μg/mL SO32- 11次,相对标准偏差为0.41%.该法可用于食品中亚硫酸盐的测定.     

流动注射光度法测定药物中的盐酸氯丙嗪

在pH 4.04的HAc-NaAc缓冲液中, 刚果红与盐酸氯丙嗪在室温下迅速结合生成缔合物, 且缔合物在480 nm处有最大吸收. 基于此建立了流动注射光度法测定药物中盐酸氯丙嗪的含量. 方法线性范围为0.25～50.0 μg/mL, 检出限为0.082 μg/mL, 测定频率达80次/h.     

鲁米诺-AuCl4体系化学发光法测定美洛西林钠

在NaOH介质中, AuCl4-氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光, 美洛西林钠显著增强该体系的发光, 据此建立了一种测定美洛西林钠的流动注射化学发光新方法. 在优化的实验条件下, 该法测定美洛西林钠的线性范围为0.01～30 μg/mL, 检出限为3.0 ng/mL, 对1.0 μg/mL美林钠进行了11次平行测定, 其相对标准偏差为1.0%. 方法已用于生物体液和粉针剂中美洛西林钠的测定.     

反相离子对液相色谱法同时测定11种氟喹诺酮类药物的研究

建立了高效液相色谱-荧光法同时测定11种氟喹诺酮类药物的分析方法.主要研究了流动相、流动相配比及流动相的pH对氟喹诺酮分离的影响.确定了液相色谱分析最佳条件.分离条件为:Xbridge Shield RP C18柱,以V(0.10%三氟乙酸)∶V(乙腈)∶V(甲醇)=89∶4∶7为流动相;检测波长为λex=280 nm和λem＝450 nm.方法检出限为:诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、培氟沙星和恩诺沙星0.007μg/mL,单诺沙星0.002 μg/mL,沙拉沙星和氧氟沙星为0.04 μg/mL,二氟沙星和奥比沙星为0.02 μg/mL,依诺沙星、麻保沙星为0.4 μg/mL,各组分回收率在97%～100.2%,相对标准偏差为0.2%～2.9%.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。