Distribution of zeros of the partition function of the lattice gases of fisher and of temperley

The distributions of zeros of the partition function of lattice gas models of Fisher (at some temperature) and of Temperley are obtained. The former is a closed loop crossing the real axis and the latter is a part of the negative real axis.     

BSA-SDS-Ag聚合物纳米微粒的制备及其水凝胶性质的研究（Ⅰ）

报道了BSA－SDS－Ag聚合物纳米微粒的制备及水凝胶的性质,用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、傅里叶变换红外（FT－IR）光谱考察了这种聚合物微粒的结构,微粒粒径32nm左右,用UV／Vis光谱及SEM考察了冰凝胶的性,表明Ag^ 离子先与BSA产生化学键合,再学原了Ag粒,进行聚合成网状结构的聚合物。     

Calculation of energy characteristics of adsorption of metals

Within the framework of the electron density functional, a technique is developed for calculation of the adsorption energy and variation in the electron work function for metal substrates due to metal atom adsorption. The corrections to the local density approximation, which are associated with non-uniformity of the electron density in the subsurface region and discontinuous ion charge distribution over the crystal lattice sites, are included into consideration. It is shown that adsorption of alkali metal atoms results in lower electron work function, while that of transition metals (cobalt, iron, and chromium) might both decrease and increase the electron work function. Formation of a variety of adsorption structures from metal atoms depending on the temperature is discussed. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 7, pp. 14–19, July, 2007.     

混合物状态方程的计算

多介质流体动力学过程的数值模拟往往涉及混合物状态方程的计算. 做图法和Newton 法是混合物状态方程计算常采用的方法, 前者虽直观精度却差, 后者计算效率高却只具有局部收敛性, 当解与其初始猜测值相差较远时Newton法不一定能够获得收敛解. 为此, 本文给出一种具有大范围收敛性的嵌入算法(imbedding method)求解混合物状态方程, 其基本思想是通过引入嵌入参数, 将待解的混合物状态方程和易解的混合物状态方程线性组合, 构成嵌入方程组, 当嵌入参数从0连续地变化到1 时, 嵌入方程组的解由易解的混合物状态方程的解连续地变化为待解的混合物状态方程的解. 嵌入方程组可由Newton法迭代求解, 也可转化为以嵌入参数为自变量的常微分方程组, 从而易于由成熟的计算方法如梯形法等进行求解. 进一步利用热力学基本关系, Maxwell形式的微分方程描述了压力和温度随嵌入参数的演化速率与应变速率和组分质量分数演化速率的关系. 对铅锡混合物热力学量的计算表明了本文算法的有效性.     

混合物物态方程的计算

 在采用体积相加原理计算混合物物态方程的基础上,建立了一种物理模型确定混合物温度。根据混合物中各组分温度和压强平衡条件,采用压强-密度迭代方法计算给出混合物物态方程,编制了两种组分的混合物物态方程计算程序。为检验建立的温度模型的合理性及程序的有效性,分析了不同密度、温度状态的氢（H2）和钨（W）组成的混合物状态参量,计算了以下情形及其组合情形的混合物物态方程：H₂和W以不同质量比混合;质量比固定,单组分状态不同;温度区间和密度区间不同。研究表明:实际应用中在建立的混合物温度模型基础上确定的混合物物态方程是合理的。     

Application of new methods of interpretation of meteor observations at the Institute of Astrophysics of Tajikistan

New methods of interpretation of meteor observations were developed and published in [1?C9]. The interpretation of ground-based observations of meteors and bolides available today in the scientific literature all over the world suffers from serious contradictions. Observers use the so-called photometric approach for determination of extra-atmospheric masses of meteoric bodies. This approach is based on the formula proposed in 1933 [10] and very simple ideas of how to describe the interaction between the atmospheric air and the surface of a meteoric body. These ideas are provisionally suitable to describe the flow around a body in a free molecular regime. Subsequently, the photometric approach was applied to all the meteor events including bolides. The main effort aimed to elaborate the approach included a choice of new formulas for the radiative efficiency.     

傅里叶望远镜外场实验性能改进和结果分析

为了实现对傅里叶望远镜成像系统更接近实际的仿真,改进了外场实验系统结构。采用反射式目标,利用准直扩束镜替代空间滤波器和准直透镜,使用大靶面电荷耦合器件作为监视器。在无大气和包含200m水平大气两种情况下,分别对2.5mm的4种不同空间频谱分布目标进行实验。实验选用9×9,17×17,33×33和65×65傅里叶分量分别进行重构。最高成像角分辨率为3.5″。结果表明含大气与无大气重构结果的Strehl比值相近,从而证明傅里叶望远镜成像系统能够克服下行链路低阶大气扰动的影响。     

在磁场作用下水的特性的变化和它的变化机理

我们研究了在磁场作用下水的光学性质和电学性质等的变化,实验发现它们的这些特性和未受磁场作用的水有重大改变特别是在红外光谱和拉曼光谱中的变化更加明显,这种现象就称为水的磁化。我们从水的中红外光谱得知在3000~3800 cm-1的范围内有奇特的六个峰值存在,从水分子结构和红外光谱的特性出发了解到它们分别代表了自由水分子的OH键的对称与反对称的振动,众多水分子通过氢键连接而成的线性链和环形链的OH键的对称与反对称振动,于是从这个实验我们看到了在这个水中存在有众多水分子结合成的环形氢键链的存在。我们用水分子的极化特性,一阶相变的特性和实验进一步证实了这些环形链的客观存在,根据质子或氢离子在氢键系统中传递理论得知在磁场的罗仑兹力作用下处于水中环形氢键链中质子能够进行传导产生环形电流.这些环形电流象一个分子电流或是个小磁体,它们能彼此相互作用或与外加磁场相互作用,从而改变了水分子的分布和结构状态,导致了水的一些特性的变化,这就是水的磁化的分子机理,我们用这个机理解释了我们从实验中所发现的磁处理过的水的特性如饱和效应和记忆效应等,因此这是非常有趣的实验和现象.     

Analysis of temperature dependence of thermal pressure of solids

Various models for determination of the temperature dependence of thermal pressure are critically examined in the light of experimental data. We have considered Mg₂SiO₄, Olivine, MgAl₂O₄, Pyrope rich garnet, Fe₂SiO₄, Grossular garnet, MnO, NaCl and KCl. The superiority of one model over others is discussed. The model is extended to study the compression behaviour at different temperatures, and the combined effect of pressure and temperature on thermal pressure of San Carlo Olivine. A good agreement obtained between theory and experiment demonstrates the validity of the present approach.     

Symmetry of Lagrangians of nonholonomic systems of non-Chetaev’s type

This paper studies the symmetry of Lagrangians of nonholonomic systems of non-Chetaev's type. First, the definition and the criterion of the symmetry of the system are given. Secondly, it obtains the condition under which there exists a conserved quantity and the form of the conserved quantity. Finally, an example is shown to illustrate the application of the result.     

X-ray interferometric method of determination of parameters of permolecular structure of polymers

A new method for determining the density of polymer materials based on determination of the path-length differences in moiré patterns is proposed. The method is characterized by simplicity and accuracy of results. The densities of polychloropren and polystirol have been determined with high accuracy. Knowledge of the dependence of the polymer density on the stretching degree enables one to reveal the dynamics of changes in the permolecular structure at deformation of polymers.     

Some aspects of the kinetics of formation of triatomic halogenides of rare gases

The formation of triatomic excimer molecules Rg₂X and Rg’RgX by VUV excitation of mixtures of halogens with rare gases is discussed. The remarkable simplicity of the electronic structure and kinetics of these molecules offers interesting possibilities for studying the role of different collisional processes in recombination in the high-and low-pressure limits.     

Model of stochastization of the oscillatory regime of superradiance

Based on the analysis of the experimental data on the observation of the fluorescence and superradiance of praseodymium ions in a matrix of lanthanum trifluoride, a model of superradiance of three-level radiators with two close upper levels is developed in the mean-field approximation and studied. The uppermost level is coherently pumped by an ultrashort pulse of electromagnetic field, after which the excitation is transferred to the close energy level, from which the superradiance transition occurs to the lower level. In limiting cases, the considered model is reduced to the known models of superradiance and describes the ordinary regimes of monopulse and multipulse (oscillatory) superradiance. However, in a certain region of parameters, the model under discussion describes such a multipulse superradiance signal in which electromagnetic field spikes composing it follow in time with random intervals and amplitudes, so that the regime of regular chaotic dynamics is demonstrated in a single superradiance signal. In a certain time interval, the proposed model can be described by the Lorenz equations with the parameters corresponding to the chaotic dynamics of spikes composing the superradiance signal. The presented results of the numerical simulation of the model equations qualitatively correspond to the picture of stochastic pulsations observed experimentally.     

物联网技术研究进展

目前,物联网因其巨大的应用前景而受到各国政府、学术界和工业界的广泛重视,成为国内外信息通信领域的新研究热点;物联网产业己经成为推动世界经济增长的重要新兴产业,我国已将物联网的发展列为信息产业发展的下一个战略高点;首先总结了物联网的国内外研究进展,其次对物联网的概念、实现原理与体系结构进行了分析,归纳了物联网涉及的关键技术,然后介绍了物联网的一些典型应用,最后指出了物联网进一步研究的方向以及制约国内物联网发展的问题及解决对策。     

Evidence of electrolysis of water of crystallisation

Electrolysis of interlayer water of crystallisation has been established by a direct d.c. electrolysis experiment on molybdic acid. The dihydrate MoO₃middot; 2H₂O gets converted into its monohydrate. This is confirmed by IR and Laser Raman Spectra. The increase in a.c. electrical conductivity with increasing d.c. bias, a.c. signal level and ambient humidity also supports the above viewpoint.     

Applications of dynamical algebra of invariance of integrodifferential equations

General results on the algebraic properties of integrodifferential equations are used to obtain coherent and squeezed states and Green functions for the matrixdifferential models of condensed matter theory.     

Modeling of the interrelation of mechanical and electrical parameters of the surface of solids

A mathematical model for the determination of physical constants in equations of state at the interface between a metal and an inert gas medium has been developed in terms of the surface physics and thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes with due regard for internal stresses induced by a redistribution of conduction electrons. Physical characteristics of a surface layer, in particular, at the copper-inert gas medium interface and the silicon-inert gas medium interface, have been determined using experimental values of surface tensions and energies for contacting media.     

Kinetics of Macrolocalization Patterns of Plastic Flow of Metals

The features of the macroscopic inhomogeneity of plastic deformation in the form of autowaves with a pulsating amplitude are analyzed, and data on the localization of sources of acoustic emission at different stages of plastic flow in the stretching of fcc mono- and polycrystals are presented. The relationship between the local components of the plastic distortion tensor in the strain localization zone is traced. The role of acoustic phenomena accompanying the localization of plastic strain in the development of the process of plastic deformation is considered.     

Effect on zero drift of accuracy of reciprocal tuning of elements of fiber-optic interferometer

The effect of the accuracy of reciprocal tuning of the elements of a fiber-optic interferometer (FOI) — laser, polarizer, and eigenaxes of single-mode-fiber (SMF) birefringence — is examined. It is shown that zero drift in the FOI consists of two parts — a constant part and a temperature-related variable part. Both of these parts are functions of the polarization state of the radiation at the entrance to the polarizer, the extinction coefficient of the polarized, and the orientation of the SMF eigenaxes with respect to the polarizer. The variable part of the zero drift is also a function of the birefringence and h-parameter of the SMF and the width of the radiation-source spectrum. Numerical estimates of FOI zero drift are made.Institute of Applied Physics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 34, No. 7, pp. 817–824, July, 1991.     

Stability of families of probability distributions under reduction of the number of degrees of freedom

We consider two classes of probability distributions for configurations of the ideal gas. They depend only on kinetic energy and they remain of the same form when degrees of freedom are integrated out. The relation with equilibrium distributions of Tsallis’ thermostatistics is discussed.