OccVis: a visual analytics system for occultation data

Journal of Visualization - The FY-3C satellite returns more than 250,000 occultation data each year, each of which records high vertical resolution profiles of various climatic parameters in the...     

A statistical model of horizontal auditory localization performance data

Horizontal localization experiments are used to evaluate the listener's ability to locate the position of a sound source, and determine how signal characteristics affect this ability. These experiments generate circular, bimodal, and repeated data that are challenging to statistically analyze. A two-part mixture of wrapped Cauchys is proposed for these data, with the effects of signal type and position on localization bias, precision, and front-back confusion modeled using regression. The model is illustrated using mid- (1.0-2.0 kHz) and high- (3.0-6.0 kHz) frequency narrow band noises localization collected among ten normal hearing listeners.     

Novel pad structures for the improvement of wire bonding strength in DXD panel

New pad structures are suggested to improve the wire bonding strength in the TFT panels suitable for the flat panel X-ray detector application. Several candidates of bonding pad structure are tested and one of them is chosen which shows the strongest and the most stable bonding with aluminum wire. Some morphological consideration was adopted to the surface of AlNd (Nd 2 at.%) pads whose thickness are 4000 Å. To avoid the defect of signal lines such as hillocks due to increased thickness of AlNd, we selectively increased the thickness of AlNd on the bonding area only.     

Visual angle model for car-following theory

The vast majority of car-following models are lack of the consideration of human drivers’ characteristics. Based on the fact that each driver of a following vehicle perceives closing-in or shying-away a leading vehicle in front of him/her, primarily due to changes in the apparent size of the leading vehicle, we improved the full velocity difference (FVD) model and presented a visual angle car-following model. This model is in view of the stimulus-response framework and uses the visual angle and the change rate of the visual angle as stimulus. Results from linear analysis showed that the neutral stability line is asymmetry and the width of the leading vehicle has a great impact on the stability of traffic flow. Numerical simulations obtained the same results as theoretical analysis clearly such as density wave, shrinking hysteresis, asymmetry and wide scattering. Thus, the introducing of the visual angle can explain some complex nature of traffic flow and contribute to the design of more realistic car-following models.     

The predictive performance of a path-dependent exotic-option credit risk model in the emerging market

Most empirical research of the path-dependent, exotic-option credit risk model focuses on developed markets. Taking Taiwan as an example, this study investigates the bankruptcy prediction performance of the path-dependent, barrier option model in the emerging market. We adopt Duan’s (1994) [11], (2000) [12] transformed-data maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method to directly estimate the unobserved model parameters, and compare the predictive ability of the barrier option model to the commonly adopted credit risk model, Merton’s model. Our empirical findings show that the barrier option model is more powerful than Merton’s model in predicting bankruptcy in the emerging market. Moreover, we find that the barrier option model predicts bankruptcy much better for highly-leveraged firms. Finally, our findings indicate that the prediction accuracy of the credit risk model can be improved by higher asset liquidity and greater financial transparency.     

一种导引头性能可视化评估方法

激光制导、微波制导的导引头由于不具备可视化功能,在实际环境中进行性能考核时,导引头是否成功截获指定目标、截获目标后的稳定跟踪过程是否正常以及在稳定跟踪过程中出现的问题都不易得到及时、准确的定位和分析。文中设计的可视化评估系统可有效解决上述问题,通过加装可见光成像系统同步伴随导引头运动的方法,将导引头搜索、跟踪目标的过程清晰成像,直观显示导引头的整个工作过程,同时利用图像跟踪系统和图像存储系统保存关键性能参数,试验完成后对导引头的输出参数及跟踪性能进行验证及处理,进而对导引头的性能参数进行分析和评估;通过动态跟踪或加载干扰源试验验证,该方法能利用可视化系统可靠同步跟随不可视导引头的运动,并对导引头跟踪过程进行定性观察及定量分析。该方法不仅可以克服室内仿真环境不太真实的缺点,又可进行多次重复性研究,性价比高,为导引头性能评估提供一种比较适用的研究手段。     

Natural dye-based photoelectrode for improvement of solar cell performance

In the present paper, photovoltaic studies of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on betacyanin/TiO₂ and betacyanin/WO₃–TiO₂ have been done. The cell performances were compared through I–V curves and wavelength dependant photocurrent measurements for the two new types of DSSCs. The TiO₂-coated DSSC showed the photovoltage and photocurrent of 300 mV and 4.96 mA/cm², whereas the cell employing WO₃–TiO₂ photoelectrode showed the values 435 mV and 9.86 mA/cm², respectively. The conversion efficiency of TiO₂ based dye-sensitized solar cell was found to be 0.69 %, while WO₃–TiO₂-based cell exhibited a higher conversion efficiency of 2.2 %. The better performance of the WO₃–TiO₂ dye-sensitized solar cell photoelectrode is thought to be due to an inherent energy barrier at the electrode/electrolyte interface leading to the reduced recombination of photoinduced electrons.     

Ground state properties of an asymmetric Hubbard model for unbalanced ultracold fermionic quantum gases

In order to describe unbalanced ultracold fermionic quantum gases on optical lattices in a harmonic trap, we investigate an attractive (U < 0) asymmetric (t_↑≠t_↓) Hubbard model with a Zeeman-like magnetic field. In view of the model's spatial inhomogeneity, we focus in this paper on the solution at Hartree-Fock level. The Hartree-Fock Hamiltonian is diagonalized with particular emphasis on superfluid phases. For the special case of spin-independent hopping we analytically determine the number of solutions of the resulting self-consistency equations and the nature of the possible ground states at weak coupling. We present the phase diagram of the homogeneous system and numerical results for unbalanced Fermi-mixtures obtained within the local density approximation. In particular, we find a fascinating shell structure, involving normal and superfluid phases. For the general case of spin-dependent hopping we calculate the density of states and the possible superfluid phases in the ground state. In particular, we find a new magnetized superfluid phase.     

导引头性能可视化数据获取方法

目前,制导武器系统导引性能评估主要采用室内仿真和实弹射击方法。但是,受模拟条件的限制,室内仿真存在目标瞬变作用机理描述不足及过程复现可信度低等难题;而外场实弹射击则存在试验样本量有限,目标环境设定单一且射击条件无法保证一致性的问题,难以全面考核出武器系统对环境和干扰的适应性。针对这一问题,提出了一种介于室内仿真与外场实弹试验之间的中间验证考核方法,在接近真实复杂战场环境条件下,构建了制导武器系统的可视化动态测试平台,获取导引头探测、识别和跟踪目标过程的同步、实时可视化观瞄图像,提取目标信息并实现导引性能评估。这种方法在靶场环境下针对实际靶标目标进行静态、动态跟踪试验,能够为激光、毫米波、电视以及红外等不同制导模式的导引头系统进行集成试验与测试,可为室内仿真提供目标背景的直接驱动数据,提升仿真逼真度; 同时,也可多次重复考核导引环节的关键能力,弥补实弹射击试验数量的不足,为武器系统研制过程提供了一种全新的测试验证手段     

Reinforcement learning for performance improvement in cooperative spectrum sensing

Cognitive radio (CR) can provide a promising solution to the spectrum scarcity issue for upcoming wireless communication technologies. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is generally adopted to improve spectrum utilization and minimize interference to primary users (PUs). The performance of CSS is significantly affected by imperfect reporting channels, and it is an easy target for Byzantine attackers. This paper studies CSS under imperfect reporting channels and Byzantine attacks. We have considered centralized CSS with a hard combining fusion rule. The binary symmetric channel (BSC) is used to model the imperfect reporting channels, and a centralized independent probabilistic small scale attack model is chosen to model Byzantine attackers. We first analyze the traditional CSS (T-CSS) under the imperfect reporting channel and the Byzantine attack. The performance of T-CSS is found to be greatly affected in the considered scenarios. We propose a reinforcement learning-based algorithm to detect cooperating secondary users (CSUs) experiencing weak reporting channels and Byzantine attackers. Generally, in literature, the detected malicious users (MUs) are removed to improve the performance. However, in case there are CSUs with weak reporting channels, the genuine CSUs may be detected as Byzantine attackers and hence removed. To overcome this issue, we propose a weighted sum-based CSS (WS-CSS) algorithm that can improve the CSS performance under weak reporting channels and attacks from Byzantine attackers. It is demonstrated using plots that the proposed WS-CSS algorithm significantly improves the CSS performance.     

Optimization of the lens-array structure for performance improvement of integral imaging

The seemingly inherent deficiencies of integral imaging systems-in particular, the depth of field limitation-are, in this Letter, partly resolved by using an irregular lens array, where each lens is either rotated or displaced from its original position in the conventional flat lens array. It is shown that having an array of lenses in the integral imaging system has some sort of redundancy that could be exploited to improve the quality of the image formation. The needed rotation or displacement of constituent lenses in the array is found by using a meticulous optimization algorithm, which tries to evenly distribute the optical rays emanating from each of the lenses to form the final image.     

The predictive use of the configurational co-ordinate model for luminescent centres

In the configurational co-ordinate model of a luminescent centre the displacement (Δr) of the excited state curve relative to the ground state plays an important role: for large values of Δr non-luminescent centres are formed, while for a low or zero value of Δr luminescent centres with a high quenching temperature are formed. The relative value of Δr can be deduced indirectly from the quenching temperature of the luminescence, but this involves a number of approximations which may not always be valid. The Δr has been calculated directly for a series of fluoride phosphors activated by Mn⁴⁺ from the intensity distribution of vibronic progressions which are present in the emission spectrum. The value of Δr thus obtained is influenced by the host lattice in a predictable way, and the quenching temperature of the phosphors correlate well with this independently determined value. The value of Δr along the e_g (Jahn-Teller active) co-ordinate is about twice as great as that along the a_1g co-ordinate. This may play an important role in nonradiative processes. The value of Δr along the other co-ordinates is too small to be calculated accurately.     

预测搜索算法在图像相关中的应用

数字散斑相关方法在亚像素测量过程中运算量大,在对实时性要求较高的系统中该方法的应用受到了限制。提出了一种原理简单、搜索速度快、精度高的预测搜索算法,介绍了预测搜索算法的原理,并给出预测位移的公式。通过实验验证了对算法的精度、效率和鲁棒性,说明对数字散斑相关方法进行优化后,既不损失亚像素位移的计算精度又提高了图像处理的效率。     

An efficient model of an equipment loaded panel for active control design studies

An effective investigation of alternative control strategies for the reduction of vibration levels in satellite structures requires realistic, yet efficient, structural models to simulate the dynamics of the system. These models should include the effects of the sources, receivers, supporting structure, sensors, and actuators. In this paper, a modeling technique which meets these requirements is developed and some active control strategies are briefly investigated. The particular subject of investigation is an equipment-loaded panel and the equations of motion are derived using the Lagrange-Rayleigh-Ritz (LRR) approach. The various pieces of equipment on the panel are mounted on active or passive suspensions, and resonators are used to represent the internal dynamics of the mounted equipment. Control of the panel, which transmits vibrations from sources to receivers, is by means of piezoelectric patches and the excitation consists of dynamic loads acting on the equipment enclosures and/or directly on the panel. The control objective is to minimize the displacement at an arbitrary output location. The LRR model developed is verified against one produced by using the finite-element method. Finally, some initial controller design studies are undertaken to investigate and compare the effectiveness of different control strategies (e.g., minimization at the source, along the vibration path, or at the receiver).